Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
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Comparison of Carbon Storage Based on Alternative Action by Land Use Planning

토지이용에 따른 대안별 탄소 저장량 비교

  • Seulki Koo (Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Youngsoo Lee (Korea Environmetal Institute) ;
  • Sangdon Lee (Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
  • Received : 2023.05.19
  • Accepted : 2023.11.30
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

Carbon management is emerging as an important factor for global warming control, and land use change is considered one of the causes. To quantify the changes in carbon stocks due to development, this study attempted to calculate carbon storage by borrowing the formula of the InVEST Carbon Storage and Sequestration Model (InVEST Model). Before analyzing carbon stocks, a carbon pool was compiled based on previous studies in Korea. Then, we estimated the change in carbon stocks according to the development of Osong National Industrial Park (ONIP) and the application of alternatives. The analysis shows that 16,789.5 MgC will be emitted under Alternative 1 and 16,305.3 MgC under Alternative 2. These emissions account for 44.4% and 43.1% of the pre-project carbon stock, respectively, and shows that choosing Alternative 2 is advantageous for reducing carbon emissions. The difference is likely due to the difference in grassland area between Alternatives 1 and 2. Even if Alternative 2 is selected, efforts are needed to increase the carbon storage effect by managing the appropriate level of green cover in the grassland, creating multi-layered vegetation, and installing low-energy facilities. In addition, it is suggested to conserve wetlands that can be lost during the stream improvement process or to create artificial wetlands to increase carbon storage. The assessment of carbon storage using carbon pools by land cover can improve the objectivity of comparison and evaluation analysis results for land use plans in Environmental Impact Assessment and Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment. In addition, the carbon pool generated in this study is expected to be used as a basis for improving the accuracy of such analyses.

탄소의 관리는 지구온난화 억제를 위한 중요한 요인으로서 대두되고 있으며, 토지이용 변화는 그 원인 중 하나로 손꼽히고 있다. 본 연구에서는 개발에 따른 탄소 저장량의 변화를 정량화하기 위하여 InVEST Carbon Storage and Sequestration Model(InVEST 모델)의 계산식을 차용한 탄소 저장량 산정을 시도하였다. 탄소 저장량 분석에 앞서 국내 문헌자료를 기반으로 탄소 풀을 구성하였으며, 이를 통해 오송 ◯◯국가산업단지(Osong National Industrial Park, ONIP) 개발 및 대안 적용에 따른 탄소 저장량 변화를 추 정하였다. 분석 결과 '대안 1'을 적용할 경우 총 16,789.5MgC, '대안 2'를 적용할 경우 16,305.3MgC의 탄소가 방출 될 것으로 예상된다. 이는 사업 전 탄소 저장량의 각각 44.4%, 43.1%를 차지하며, '대안 2'를 선택하는 것이 탄소 배출 저감에 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 차이는 대안 1과 2의 초지 면적 차이에서 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 대안 2를 택할지라도 초지 내 적정 수준의 녹피율 관리와 다층구조 식생 조성 및 에너지 사용량이 낮은 시설의 설치 등 그 효과를 높이기 위한 노력이 필요하다. 이와 더불어 하천 정비 과정에서 사라지는 습지를 보존, 혹은 인공습지를 조성함으로써 탄소 저장량을 증대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 위와 같은 토지피복별 탄소 계수를 활용한 탄소 저장량의 평가는 환경영향평가 및 전략환경영향평가 시 토지이용 계획에 대한 비교·평가 분석 결과의 객관성을 높이는 데 기여할 수 있다. 더불어 본 연구에서 구축한 탄소 풀은 분석의 정확도를 높이기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 환경부 환경산업기술원(RS-2022-KE002025), 한국연구재단(KRF-2021R1A2C1011213), 서울녹색환경지원센터(SESTC-2023), 환경부 기후변화영향평가제도 도입을 위한 시범사업(2022030A58C-00)의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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