Geomechanics and Engineering

  • 제31권3호
  • /
  • Pages.237-248
  • /
  • 2022
  • /
  • 2005-307X(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-6219(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Three-dimensional numerical parametric study of shape effects on multiple tunnel interactions

  • Chen, Li'ang (Guangzhou Metro Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.) ;
  • Pei, Weiwei (Wenzhou Design Assembly Company Ltd) ;
  • Yang, Yihong (Wenzhou Design Assembly Company Ltd) ;
  • Guo, Wanli (Geotechnical Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute)
  • 투고 : 2022.08.08
  • 심사 : 2022.10.18
  • 발행 : 2022.11.10
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Nowadays, more and more subway tunnels were planed and constructed underneath the ground of urban cities to relieve the congested traffic. Potential damage may occur in existing tunnel if the new tunnel is constructed too close. So far, previous studies mainly focused on the tunnel-tunnel interactions with circular shape. The difference between circular and horseshoe shaped tunnel in terms of deformation mechanism is not fully investigated. In this study, three-dimensional numerical parametric studies were carried out to explore the effect of different tunnel shapes on the complicated tunnel-tunnel interaction problem. Parameters considered include volume loss, tunnel stiffness and relative density. It is found that the value of volume loss play the most important role in the multi-tunnel interactions. For a typical condition in this study, the maximum invert settlement and gradient along longitudinal direction of horseshoe shaped tunnel was 50% and 96% larger than those in circular case, respectively. This is because of the larger vertical soil displacement underneath existing tunnel. Due to the discontinuous hoop axial stress in horseshoe shaped tunnel, significant shear stress was mobilized around the axillary angles. This resulted in substantial bending moment at the bottom plate and side walls of horseshoe shaped tunnel. Consequently, vertical elongation and horizontal compression in circular existing tunnel were 45% and 33% smaller than those in horseshoe case (at monitored section X/D = 0), which in latter case was mainly attributed to the bending induced deflection. The radial deformation stiffness of circular tunnel is more sensitive to the Young's modulus compared with horseshoe shaped tunnel. This is because of that circular tunnel resisted the radial deformation mainly by its hoop axial stress while horseshoe shaped tunnel do so mainly by its flexural rigidity. In addition, the reduction of soil stiffness beneath the circular tunnel was larger than that in horseshoe shaped tunnel at each level of relative density, indicating that large portion of tunneling effect were undertaken by the ground itself in circular tunnel case.

키워드

과제정보

The research described in this paper was financially supported by the Research and Development Plan in key Areas of Guangzhou (project number 20220602JBGS01).

참고문헌

  1. ACI 224R-01 (2001), Control of cracking in concrete structures, American Concrete Institute; Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
  2. ACI 318M-11 (2011), Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary, American Concrete Institute; Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
  3. Bai, X.D., Cheng, W.C. and Li, G. (2021), "A comparative study of different machine learning algorithms in predicting epb shield behaviour: a case study at the xi'an metro, china", Acta Geotechnica, (16-12). https://doi-org/10.1007/s11440-021-01383-7.
  4. BD (2009), Technical notes for guidance in assessing the effects of civil engineering construction / building development on railway structures and operations, Building Department of the Government of HKSAR; HKSAR.
  5. Boonyarak, T. and Ng, C.W. (2014), "Effects of construction sequence and cover depth on crossing-tunnel interaction", Can. Geotech. J., 52(999), 1-17. https://doi-org/ 10.1139/cgj-2014-0235.
  6. Cooper, M.L., Chapman, D.N., Rogers, C.D.F. and Chan, A.H.C. (2002), "Movements in the Piccadilly Line tunnels due to the Heathrow Express construction", Geotechnique, 52(4), 243-257. https://doi-org/10.1680/geot.52.4.243.41019.
  7. Eskandari, F., Goharrizi, K.G. and Hooti, A. (2018), "The impact of epb pressure on surface settlement and face displacement in intersection of triple tunnels at mashhad metro", Geomech. Eng., 15(2), 769-774. https://doi-org/ 10.12989/gae.2018.15.2.769.
  8. Fang, J.C., Kong, G.Q. and Yang, Q. (2022), "Group performance of energy piles under cyclic and variable thermal loading", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 148(8), 04022060. https://doi-org/ 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002840.
  9. Gonzalez-Nicieza, C., Alvarez-Vigil, A.E., Menendez-Diaz, A., and Gonzalez-Palacio, C. (2008), "Influence of the depth and shape of a tunnel in the application of the convergence- confinement method", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 23(1), 25-37. https://doi-org/ 10.1016/j.tust.2006.12.001.
  10. Gudehus, G. and Masin, D. (2009), "Graphical representation of constitutive equations", Geotechnique, 59(2), 147-151. https://doi-org/ 10.1680/geot.2007.00155.
  11. Hu, W., Cheng, W.C., Wen, S. and Yuan, K. (2021), "Revealing the enhancement and degradation mechanisms affecting the performance of carbonate precipitation in EICP process", Front. Bioeng. Biotech., 9, 750258. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.750258.
  12. Jiang, B., Chen, L., Yang, J.S., Wang, S.Y. and Ng, C.W.W. (2017), "Effects of twin-tunnel excavation on an existing horseshoe-shaped tunnel considering the influence of a settlement joint", Can. Geotech. J., 54. https://doi-org/ 10.1139/cgj-2015-0389.
  13. Kim, S.H., Burd, H.J. and Milligan, G.W.E. (1998), "Model testing of closely spaced tunnels in clay", Geotechnique, 48(3), 375-388. https://doi-org/ 10.1680/geot.1998.48.3.375.
  14. Li, X.G. and Yuan, D.J. (2012), "Response of a double-decked metro tunnel to shield driving of twin closely under-crossing tunnels", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 28, 18-30. https://doi-org/10.1016/j.tust.2011.08.005.
  15. Liu, H.Y., Small, J.C., Carter, J.P. and Williams, D.J. (2009), "Effects of tunnelling on existing support systems of perpendicularly crossing tunnels", Comput. Geotech., 36(5), 880-894. https://doi-org/ 10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.01.013.
  16. LTA (2009), Code of practice for railway protection, Development and Building Control Department, Land Transport Authority; Singapore.
  17. Mishra, S., Zaid, M., Rao, K.S. and Gupta N.K. (2022), "FEA of urban rock tunnels under impact loading at targeted velocity", Geotech. Geolo. Eng., 40, 1693-1711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01987-6
  18. Mohamad, H., Bennett, P.J., Soga, K., Mair, R.J. and Bowers, K. (2010), "Behaviour of an old masonry tunnel due to tunnelling-induced ground settlement", Geotechnique, 60(12), 927-938. https://doi-org/10.1680/geot.8.P.074.
  19. Mohamad, H., Soga, K., Bennett, P.J., Mair, R.J. and Lim, C.S. (2012), "Monitoring twin tunnel interaction using distributed optical fiber strain measurements", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 138(8), 957-967. https://doi-org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000656.
  20. Nawel, B. and Salah, M. (2015), "Numerical modeling of two parallel tunnels interaction using three-dimensional finite elements method", Geomech. Eng., 9(6), 775-791. https://doi-org/ 10.12989/gae.2015.9.6.775.
  21. Ng, C.W.W. (2014), "The state-of-the-art centrifuge modelling of geotechnical problems at HKUST", J. Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering), 15(1), 1-21. https://doi-org/ 10.1631/jzus.A1300217.
  22. Ng, C.W., Boonyarak, T. and Masin, D. (2013), "Three-dimensional centrifuge and numerical modeling of the interaction between perpendicularly crossing tunnels", Can. Geotech. J., 50(9), 935-946. https://doi-org/ 10.1139/cgj-2012-0445.
  23. Ng, C.W., Boonyarak, T. and Masin, D. (2015), "Effects of pillar depth and shielding on the interaction of crossing multitunnels", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 141(6), 04015021. https://doi-org/ 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001293.
  24. Ng, C.W.W., Shi, J.W. and Hong, Y. (2013), "Three-dimensional centrifuge modelling of basement excavation effects on an existing tunnel in dry sand", Can. Geotech. J., 50(8), 874-888. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0423.
  25. Ng, C.W.W., Simons, N. and Menzies, B. (2004), "Soil-structure engineering of deep foundations, excavations and tunnels", Publisher: Thomas Telford, UK. ISBN: 0-7277-3263-3. 424p. 3rd re-print.
  26. Ng, C.W.W., Xu, J. and Yung, S.Y. (2009), "Effects of wetting-drying and stress ratio on anisotropic stiffness of an unsaturated soil at very small strains", Can. Geotech. J., 46(9), 1062-1076. https://doi.org/10.1139/T09-043.
  27. Niemunis, A. and Herle, I. (1997), "Hypoplastic model for cohesionless soils with elastic strain range", Mech. Cohesive- frictional Mater., 2(4), 279-299. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1484(199710)2:4<279:: AID-CFM29>3.0.CO;2-8.
  28. Sadique, M.R., Zaid, M. and Alam, M.M. (2022), "Rock tunnel performance under blast loading through finite element analysis", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 40, 35-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01879-9.
  29. Shi, C. and Wang, Y. (2021). "Smart determination of borehole number and locations for stability analysis of multi-layered slopes using multiple point statistics and information entropy", Can. Geotech. J., 58(11), 1669-1689. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2020-0327.
  30. Shi, J.W., Fu, Z.Z. and Guo, W.L. (2019), "Investigation of geometric effects on three-dimensional tunnel deformation mechanisms due to basement excavation", Comput. Geotech., 106, 108-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo. 2018.10.019.
  31. Shi, J.W., Ng, C.W.W. and Chen, Y.H. (2015), "Three-dimensional numerical parametric study of the influence of basement excavation on existing tunnel", Comput. Geotech., 63, 146-158. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.compgeo.2014.09.002.
  32. Shi, J.W., Zhang, X., Chen, Y. and Chen, L. (2018), "Numerical parametric study of countermeasures to alleviate basement excavation effects on an existing tunnel", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 72, 145-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.11.030.
  33. Shi, J.W., Ding C., Ng, C.W.W., Lu, H. and Chen L. (2020), "Effects of overconsolidation ratio on tunnel responses due to overlying basement excavation in clay", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 7, 103247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103247.
  34. Shi, J.W., Chen Y.H., Lu, H., Ma, S.K. and Ng, C.W.W. (2022a), "Centrifuge modeling of the influence of joint stiffness on pipeline response to underneath tunnel excavation", Can. Geotech. J., 59(9), 1568-1586. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2020-0360.
  35. Shi, J., Wei, J., Ng, C.W.W., Ma, S.K., Shi, C. and Li, P. (2022b), "Effects of construction sequence of double basement excavations on an existing floating pile", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 119, 104230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104230.
  36. Von Wolffersdorff, P.A. (1996), "A hypoplastic relation for granular materials with a predefined limit state surface", Mech. Cohesive-frictional Mater., 1(3), 251-271. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1484(199607)1:3<251 ::AID-CFM13>3.0.CO;2-3.
  37. Wang, L., Cheng, W.C. and Xue, Z.F. (2022), "Investigating microscale structural characteristics and resultant macroscale mechanical properties of loess exposed to alkaline and saline environments", Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 81(4), 1-17. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fbioe.2021.750258.
  38. Wang, Y., Shi, C. and Li, X. (2022), "Machine learning of geological details from borehole logs for development of high-resolution subsurface geological cross-section and geotechnical analysis", Georisk, 16(1), 2-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/17499518.2021.1971254.
  39. Yoo, C. and Cui, S.S. (2020), "Effect of new tunnel construction on structural performance of existing tunnel lining", Geomech. Eng., 22(6), 497-507. https://doi-org/ 10.12989/gae.2020.22.6.497.
  40. Zaid, M. (2021), "Dynamic stability analysis of rock tunnels subjected to impact loading with varying UCS", Geomech. Eng., 24(6), 505-518. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.24.6.505.
  41. Zaid, M. (2021), "Three-dimensional finite element analysis of urban rock tunnel under static loading condition: effect of the rock weathering", Geomech. Eng., 25(2), 99-109. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.25.2.099.
  42. Zaid, M. (2021), "Preliminary study to understand the effect of impact loading and rock weathering in tunnel constructed in quartzite", Geotech. Geol. Eng., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01948-z.
  43. Zaid, M. and Mishra, S. (2021), "Numerical analysis of shallow tunnels under static loading: a finite element approach", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 39(3), 2581-2607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-020-01647-1.
  44. Zaid, M. and Shah, I.A. (2021), "Numerical analysis of Himalayan rock tunnels under xtatic and blast loading", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 39, 5063-5083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01813-z.
  45. Zaid, M., Sadique, M.R. and Alam, M.M. (2022), "Blast resistant analysis of rock tunnel using abaqus: Effect of weathering", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 40, 809-832. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-01927-4.