Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Aerodynamic analysis on the step types of a railway tunnel with non-uniform cross-section

  • Li, Wenhui (Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University) ;
  • Liu, Tanghong (Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University) ;
  • Huo, Xiaoshuai (Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University) ;
  • Guo, Zijian (Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University) ;
  • Xia, Yutao (Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University)
  • Received : 2021.08.11
  • Accepted : 2022.10.05
  • Published : 2022.10.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The pressure-mitigating effects of a high-speed train passing through a tunnel with a partially reduced cross-section are investigated via the numerical approach. A compressible, three-dimensional RNG k-ε turbulence model and a hybrid mesh strategy are adopted to reproduce that event, which is validated by the moving model test. Three step-like tunnel forms and two additional transitions at the tunnel junction are proposed and their aerodynamic performance is compared and scrutinized with a constant cross-sectional tunnel as the benchmark. The results show that the tunnel step is unrelated to the pressure mitigation effects since the case of a double-step tunnel has no advantage in comparison to a single-step tunnel, but the excavated volume is an essential matter. The pressure peaks are reduced at different levels along with the increase of the excavated earth volume and the peaks are either fitted with power or logarithmic function relationships. In addition, the Arc and Oblique-transitions have very limited gaps, and their pressure curves are identical to each other, whereas the Rec-transition leads to relatively lower pressure peaks in CPmax, CPmin, and ΔCP, with 5.2%, 4.0%, and 4.1% relieved compared with Oblique-transition. This study could provide guidance for the design of the novel railway tunnel.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors acknowledge the computing resources provided by the High-speed Train Research Centre of Central South University, China. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51975591).

References

  1. Baron, A., Molteni, P.A.O.L.O. and Vigevano, L. (2006), "Highspeed trains: Prediction of micro-pressure wave radiation from tunnel portals", J. Sound Vib., 296(1-2), 59-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.01.067.
  2. Baron, A., Mossi, M. and Sibilla, S. (2001), "The alleviation of the aerodynamic drag and wave effects of high-speed trains in very long tunnels", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 89(5), 365-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(00)00071-4.
  3. Choi, J.K. and Kim, K.H. (2014), "Effects of nose shape and tunnel cross-sectional area on aerodynamic drag of train traveling in tunnels", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 41, 62-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.11.012.
  4. Fu, M., Li, P. and Liang, X.F. (2017), "Numerical analysis of the slipstream development around a high-speed train in a doubletrack tunnel", PloS one, 12(3), e0175044. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175044.
  5. Fujimoto, H. and Miyamoto, M. (1996), "Measures to reduce the lateral vibration of the tail car in a high speed train", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: J. Rail Rapid Transit, 210(2), 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1243/PIME_PROC_1996_210_331.
  6. Gilbert, T., Baker, C. and Quinn, A. (2013), "Aerodynamic pressures around high-speed trains: the transition from unconfined to enclosed spaces", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: J. Rail Rapid Transit, 227(6), 609-622. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544097134949.
  7. Glockle, H. and Pfretzschner, P. (1988), "High speed tests with ICE/V passing through tunnels and the effect of sealed coaches on passenger comfort", Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on the Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels, Durham, England.
  8. Huang, Y.D., Gong, X.L., Peng, Y.J. and Kim, C.N. (2013), "Effects of the solid curtains on natural ventilation performance in a subway tunnel", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 38, 526-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.08.009.
  9. Jiang, Z., Liu, T., Chen, X., Li, W., Guo, Z. and Niu, J. (2019), "Numerical prediction of the slipstream caused by the trains with different marshalling forms entering a tunnel", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 189, 276-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2019.04.002.
  10. Kikuchi, K., Iida, M. and Fukuda, T. (2011), "Optimization of train nose shape for reducing micro-pressure wave radiated from tunnel exit", J. Low Freq. Noise V. A., 30(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1260/0263-0923.30.1.
  11. Kim, D.H., Cheol, S.Y., Iyer, R.S. and Kim, H.D. (2021), "A newly designed entrance hood to reduce the micro pressure wave emitted from the exit of high-speed railway tunnel", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 108, 103728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103728.
  12. Lee, J. and Kim, J. (2008), "Approximate optimization of highspeed train nose shape for reducing micropressure wave", Struct. Multidiscip. O., 35(1), 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-007-0111-9.
  13. Li, W. and Liu, T. (2017), "Three-dimensional characteristics of the slipstream induced by a high-speed train passing through a tunnel", DEStech Transactions on Engineering and Technology Research, (icia).
  14. Li, W., Liu, T., Chen, Z., Guo, Z. and Huo, X. (2020), "Comparative study on the unsteady slipstream induced by a single train and two trains passing each other in a tunnel", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 198, 104095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104095.
  15. Li, W., Liu, T., Huo, X., Chen, Z., Guo, Z. and Li, L. (2019), "Influence of the enlarged portal length on pressure waves in railway tunnels with cross-section expansion", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 190, 10-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2019.03.031.
  16. Li, W.H., Liu, T.H., Zhang, J., Chen Z.W., Chen X.D. and Xie, T.Z. (2017), "Aerodynamic study of two opposing moving trains in a tunnel based on different nose contours", J. Appl. Fluid Mech., 10, 1375-1386. https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.jafm.73.242.27738
  17. Li, X., Wu, Z., Yang, J., Zhang, L., Zhou, D. and Hu, T. (2022), "Experimental study on transient pressure induced by highspeed train passing through an underground station with adjoining tunnels", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 224, 104984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2022.104984.
  18. Liu, F., Wang, F., Han, J., Zhao, S. and Weng, M. (2022), "Effects of ambient pressure on aerodynamic pressures induced by passing metro trains in tunnels", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 126, 104540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2022.104540.
  19. Liu, F., Yao, S., Zhang, J. and Zhang, Y.B. (2016), "Effect of increased linings on micro-pressure waves in a high-speed railway tunnel", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 52, 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.11.020.
  20. Liu, F., Zhou, W., Niu, J.Q. and Zhang, J. (2019), "Impact of increased linings on pressure transients induced by a train passing through a tunnel", Sustain. Cities Soc., 45, 314-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.10.030.
  21. Liu, T., Chen, M., Chen, X., Geng, S., Jiang, Z. and Krajnovic, S. (2019), "Field test measurement of the dynamic tightness performance of high-speed trains and study on its influencing factors", Measurement, 138, 602-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2019.02.051.
  22. Liu, T.H., Tian, H.Q. and Liang, X.F. (2010), "Design and optimization of tunnel hoods", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 25(3), 212-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2009.12.001.
  23. Lu, Y., Wang, T., Yang, M. and Qian, B. (2020), "The influence of reduced cross-section on pressure transients from high-speed trains intersecting in a tunnel", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 201, 104161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104161.
  24. Miyachi, T., Fukuda, T. and Saito, S. (2014), "Model experiment and analysis of pressure waves emitted from portals of a tunnel with a branch", J. Sound Vib., 333(23), 6156-6169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2014.06.037.
  25. Mok, J.K. and Yoo, J. (2001), "Numerical study on high speed train and tunnel hood interaction", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 89(1), 17-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(00)00021-0.
  26. Niu, J., Zhou, D., Liang, X., Liu, T. and Liu, S. (2017), "Numerical study on the aerodynamic pressure of a metro train running between two adjacent platforms", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 65, 187-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.03.006.
  27. Ozawa, S. and Maeda, T. (1988), "Tunnel entrance hoods for reduction of micro-pressure wave", Railway Technical Research Institute, Quarterly Reports, 29(3). http://worldcat.org/oclc/3127232.
  28. Rabani, M. and Faghih, A.K. (2015), "Numerical analysis of airflow around a passenger train entering the tunnel", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 45, 203-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2014.10.005.
  29. Raghunathan, R.S., Kim, H.D. and Setoguchi, T. (2002), "Aerodynamics of high-speed railway train", Prog. Aerosp. Sci., 38(6-7), 469-514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-0421(02)00029-5.
  30. Schwanitz, S., Wittkowski, M., Rolny, V. and Basner, M. (2013), "Pressure variations on a train-Where is the threshold to railway passenger discomfort?", Appl. Ergonomics, 44(2), 200-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2012.07.003.
  31. Tian, H. (2007), Train Aerodynamics, China Railway Publishing House, 289-290. (In Chinese)
  32. Uystepruyst, D., William-Louis, M., Creuse, E., Nicaise, S. and Monnoyer, F. (2011), "Efficient 3D numerical prediction of the pressure wave generated by high-speed trains entering tunnels", Comput. Fluids, 47(1), 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2011.03.005.
  33. Vardy, A.E. and Brown, J.M.B. (2000), "Influence of ballast on wave steepening in tunnels", J. Sound Vib., 238(4), 595-615. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.2000.3106.
  34. Wang, H., Vardy, A.E. and Pokrajac, D. (2015), "Perforated exit regions for the reduction of micro-pressure waves from tunnels", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 146, 139-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.07.015.
  35. Wang, J., Wang, T., Yang, M., Qian, B., Zhang, L., Tian, X. and Shi, F. (2022), "Research on the influence of different heating zone lengths on pressure waves and a newly designed method of pressure wave mitigation in railway tunnels", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 122, 104379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2022.104379.
  36. Wang, T., Wu, F., Yang, M., Ji, P. and Qian, B. (2018), "Reduction of pressure transients of high-speed train passing through a tunnel by cross-section increase", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 183, 235-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.11.001.
  37. Xiang, X.T. and Xue, L.P. (2010), "Tunnel hood effects on high speed train-tunnel compression wave", J. Hydrodynamics, Ser. B, 22(5), 940-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-6058(10)60056-X.
  38. Xie, P., Peng, Y., Wang, T., Wu, Z., Yao, S., Yang, M. and Yi, S. (2020), "Aural comfort prediction method for high-speed trains under complex tunnel environments", Transport. Res. Part D: Transport Environ., 81, 102284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102284.