Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
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Characteristics of High Water Temperature Occurrence in Coastal and Inland Bays of Korea during the Summers of 2018-2021

2018년~2021년 여름철 우리나라 연안 고수온 현상

  • Lee, Joon-Soo (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Kwon, Mi-Ok (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Ahn, Ji-Suk (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Park, Myung-Hee (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Song, Ji-Yeong (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Han, In-Seong (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Jung, Rae Hong (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
  • 이준수 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 권미옥 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 안지숙 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 박명희 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 송지영 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 한인성 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 정래홍 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과)
  • Received : 2022.08.11
  • Accepted : 2022.08.29
  • Published : 2022.08.31
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Abstract

In coastal and inland bays, where most of Korea's aquaculture is located, massive aquaculture damage occurs every year due to frequent anomalous high water temperatures. The interannual fluctuations of water temperature in July over the past four years (2018-2021) were the second largest since 1990 (after the period of 1994-1997) due to anomalous high temperatures, rainy seasons, and typhoons. Through analysis of heat flux and heat balance in areas of concern for high water temperatures (i.e., Cheonsu Bay, Gamak Bay, Guryongpo), the occurrence of high water temperatures in Cheonsu Bay and Gamak Bay in the summer seasons was confirmed to derive mainly from heat inflow through the sea surface from the air. Based on estimations of the average ocean heat transport rate in July for the four-year period of 2018-2021, Cheonsu Bay and Gamak Bay accounted for 13.5% and 62.3% outflow of the net heat flux, respectively. However, the ocean heat transport rate in Guryongpo Hajeong differed significantly from -174.5% to 132.5% of the net heat flux by year depending on the occurrence of cold water mass.

우리나라의 수산 양식의 대부분이 이루어지는 연안과 내만에 최근 빈번한 고수온 현상으로 매년 막대한 양식 피해가 발생하고 있다. 2018년~2021년의 최근 4년간의 7월은 이례적인 고수온, 장마, 태풍 등에 의해 1990년 이후 수온의 연별 변동성이 1994년~1997년에 이어 두 번째로 크게 나타났다. 동·서·남해의 대표적인 고수온 양식피해 우심해역(천수만, 가막만, 구룡포)에 대한 열속과 열수지 분석을 통해 여름철 천수만과 가막만의 고수온 발생은 주로 대기로부터 해수면을 통한 열유입에 의한 것임을 확인하였다. 벌크식으로 계산한 순열속과 수온변화로부터 계산한 해양 열 저장률로부터 4년간(2018년~2021년)의 7월 평균 해양 열 수송률을 추산한 결과, 서산 창리는 순열속의 13.5 %, 여수 신월은 순열속의 62.3 %가 외부로 유출되는 것으로 계산되었다, 구룡포 하정은 순열속의 22.2 %가 평균적으로 외부로 유출되는 것으로 평가되었으나, 냉수대 발생 유무에 따라 연도별로 해양 열 수송률이 순열속의 -174.5 %에서 132.5 %까지 큰 차이를 보였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2022년도 국립수산과학원 수산과학연구사업(R2022057)의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

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