Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence (사물인터넷융복합논문지)

The Korea Internet of Things Society (한국사물인터넷학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Basic Study on the Development of Artificial Intelligence Education Content Based on Nuri Curriculum

누리교육과정 기반 인공지능교육 콘텐츠 개발에 관한 기초연구

  • Pyun, Youngshin (Dept. of Early Childhood Education, Baekseok University) ;
  • Han, Jungsoo (Dept. of Computer Engineering, Baekseok University)
  • 변영신 (백석대학교 사범대학 유아교육학과) ;
  • 한정수 (백석대학교 컴퓨터공학부)
  • Received : 2022.08.15
  • Accepted : 2022.09.18
  • Published : 2022.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The innovative development of the 4th industry and the COVID-19 pandemic caused a great change in the education, eventually requiring elementary, middle and high schools, including kindergartens, to implement artificial intelligence(AI) education. However, since early childhood AI education is conducted in the form of results-oriented and special activities, the need for research on what early childhood AI education is and how to apply it to the Nuri curriculum has been raised. Accordingly, this study defined early childhood AI education through literature research, identified the contents of AI education, and organized and operated it in the Nuri curriculum. As a results, AI education for children should be conducted for the purpose of cultivating digital capabilities based on computing thinking skills, and computers, the Internet, and programs were extracted as sub-elements of child AI education contents. Two approaches were proposed to incorporate this into the Nuri curriculum. The first is to set each of the three AI education contents as a life theme, select sub-factors accordingly, and plan and implement activities suitable for each sub-factors. The second is to develop and operate AI education contents at the level of sub-educational activities in accordance with the life theme of the existing Nuri curriculum. It is hoped that this study will consider the characteristics of early childhood education and be organized in the Nuri curriculum to realize the true meaning of early childhood AI education, and more research on AI play education programs according to the five areas of the Nuri curriculum.

4차 산업의 혁신적인 발달과 코로나 팬데믹은 교육시장에 커다란 변화를 일으켜 급기야는 유치원을 비롯한 초중고교에 인공지능(AI)교육을 실행하도록 하였다. 그러나 미처 준비되지 않은 상황에서의 유아 AI 교육은 결과 중심적, 특별활동 형태로 이루어지고 있어 유아 AI 교육이란 무엇이며, AI 교육내용 규명과 이를 어떻게 누리교육과정에 접목하는가에 관한 연구의 필요성이 제기되었다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 문헌 연구를 통하여 유아 AI 교육을 정의하고 AI 교육내용을 규명하여 이를 누리교육과정에 편성하여 운영하도록 하였다. 분석 결과 유아 AI 교육은 컴퓨팅 사고력을 기반으로 디지털 역량을 함양하는 것을 목적으로 이루어져야 하며, 컴퓨터, 인터넷, 프로그램을 AI 교육의 하위요소로 추출하였다. 이를 누리교육과정에 접목시키기 위해 두 가지 접근 방법을 제시하였다. 첫째는 설정된 세 개의 AI 교육내용을 각각 생활주제로 설정하여 그에 따른 하위요인을 선정하고 각각의 하위요인에 적합한 활동을 계획하여 시행하는 것이다. 둘째는 기존 누리 교육과정의 생활주제에 적합하게 AI 교육내용을 하위 교육활동 차원으로 전개하여 운영하는 것이다. 본 연구가 유아교육의 특성을 고려하고 누리교육과정에 편성되어 진정한 의미의 유아 AI 교육이 실현되기를 희망하며, 누리과정 5개 영역에 따른 AI 놀이 교육 프로그램에 대한 보다 많은 연구가 이루어지기를 희망하는 바이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2022학년도 백석대학교 학술연구비 지원을 받아 작성되었음

References

  1. J. E. Lee and J. S. Kim, "A Study on the Study of Early Childhood Software (SW) Education Focusing on Nordic Country Cases", Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education, Vol.40, No.3, pp.229-251, 2022. https://doi.org/10.18023/KJECE.2020.40.3.010
  2. J. S. Yu, H. S. Lee, O. S. Hong, J. S. Sung, L. G. Yoon, and H. C. Kim et. al. "Report on Exploratory Research Issues on Artificial Intelligence Education Content System for Elementary and Secondary Schools. SW-centered society", Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science & Creativity, 2020.
  3. Y. H. Kim and H, Y. Kim, "A study on children's play exploration using IoToys: AI speaker, robot, and digital block. Life and classrooms in the future society", Korean Association for Children's Media & Education, Conference materials, pp.73-90, 2021.
  4. E. S. Na and T. B. Yoon, "A Study on the Interaction Between Child-Edutainment Humanoid Rhythmic Robot", Association for Future Early Childhood Education Society, Vol.28, No.1, pp.103-126, 2021. https://doi.org/10.22155/JFECE.28.1.103.126
  5. G. J. Yu and S. L. Kim, "A study on the interaction analysis and aspects between artificial intelligence (AI) speakers and infants", KOAECE, Conference materials, Vol.20, No.11, pp.435-442, 2020.
  6. J. E. Lee and S. K. Oh, "A study on the effect of activities using artificial intelligence speakers on children's language ability", KOAECE, Vol.26, No.5, pp.185-208, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20437/KOAECE26-5-08, 2021.
  7. Ministry of Education, "Education policy direction and core tasks in the age of artificial intelligence. Korea Policy Briefing, 2020.
  8. Y. C. Nam, " Happy Education", Special Plan 3. World Economic Forum. Vol.462, pp.37-41, 2021.
  9. John McCathy and Marvin L.Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude E. Shannon, "A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Reseach Project on Artificial Intelligence(Article)" Aug 31, 1955.
  10. B. C. Go, "A Study on the Development of Artificial Intelligence Education Teacher Training Program for Elementary School Teacher"s, Kyungin University of Education, Graduate School of Education Master's thesis, 2021.
  11. Wing, J. M., "Computational thinking and thinking about computing", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol.366, No.1881, pp.3717-3725. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0118
  12. K. M. Lee, "Artificial Intelligence (AI). Seoul: Saengneung Publishing House, 2018.
  13. J. E. Lee and J. S. Kim, "A Study on Early Childhood Software (SW) Education Focusing on Nordic Country Cases", Early Childhood Education Research Association, Vol.40, No.3, pp.229-251, 2020.
  14. Ministry of Education, "Software training activation master plan", Seoul: Ministry of Education, 2016.
  15. J. M. Lim and M. C. Choi, "Searching for the direction of artificial intelligence education for infants", Early Childhood Education Research Association, Vol.42, No.4, pp.273-296, 2022.
  16. Wing, J. M. "Computational thinking", Communications of the ACM, Vol.49, No.3, pp.33-35, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215
  17. S. W. Kim et. al., "A Study on Artificial Intelligence Education for K-12 Students and Teachers", The Korean Association of Computer Education, Vol.23, No.4, 2020.
  18. AI4K12, "Five Big Ideas in AI". Retrieved April, 4, 2020 from https://ai4k12.org/AI4K12, "Five Big Ideas in AI". Retrieved April, 4, 2020.
  19. Holmes, W., Bialik, M., and Fadel, C., "Future Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Teaching and Learning", 2020.
  20. Cordes C. and Miller, E, "Fool's Gold: A Critical Look at Computers in Childhood", College Park, MD: Alliance for Childhood, 2000..
  21. Friedman, T. L., "It's a flat world, after all". The New York Times. Retrieved May, 25, 2022 from http://www.nytimes.com
  22. S. K. Han, M. Y. Ryu and T. R. Kim, "AI training for AI thinking". Paju: Seongan, 2021.
  23. S. J. Baek, (2021). "Artificial Intelligence (AI) Universal Education Design for Non-Major Humanities". The Society of Digital Policy & Management, Vol.19, No.5, 2021
  24. S. C. Lee and T. Y. Kim, "Suggestions on the contents and methods of artificial intelligence education for elementary school students", Journal of the Korean Society for Computer Education in Winter 2020, Vol.24, No.1, 2020.
  25. KICE, "Concept and Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in School Education". KICE Research Materials, Vol.12, No.3, 2020.
  26. E. K. Lee, "A Study on the Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Curriculum in Elementary and Secondary Schools", Korean Association of Computer Education, 23(1), 37-4, 2020. https://doi.org/10.32431/kace.2020.23.1.003
  27. Bers, M. U. "Coding and computational thinking in early childhood: the impact of ScratchJr in Europe, European Journal of STEM Education, Vol.3, No.3, doi:10.20897/ejsteme/3868, 2018.
  28. H. L. Kwak, A Study on Curriculum Design for Unit Kindergarten According to Nuri Curriculum:Education created by teachers and children together. The Korean Society for Early Childhood Education, Vol.39, No.3, pp.333-359, 2019. https://doi.org/10.18023/kjece.2019.39.2.014
  29. J. E. Lee, Y. S. Pyun and W. Y. Jun, "Meet the AI Education Nuri Education Curriculum" Seoul: Community, 2022.