Acknowledgement
The research described in this paper was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (2022JJ40587), the science and technology innovation Program of Hunan Province (2021RC2011), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M703648), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U193420118). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions in this study are those of the authors.
References
- Ahmari, S., Yang, M. and Zhong, H. (2015), "Dynamic interaction between vehicle and bridge deck subjected to support settlement", Eng. Struct., 84 172-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.11.018.
- Chen, Z. (2020), "Evaluation of longitudinal connected track under combined action of running train and long-term bridge deformation", J. Vi.b Control., 26(7-8), 599-609. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546319889855.
- Chen, Z. and Zhai, W. (2020), "Theoretical method of determining pier settlement limit value for China's high-speed railway bridges considering complete factors", Eng. Struct., 209 109998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109998.
- Chen, Z., Zhai, W. and Tian, G. (2018), "Study on the safe value of multi-pier settlement for simply supported girder bridges in high-speed railways", Struct. Infrastruct. E., 14(3), 400-410. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2017.1359189.
- Gou, H., Ran, Z., Yang, L., Bao, Y. and Pu, Q. (2019), "Mapping vertical bridge deformations to track geometry for high-speed railway", Steel Compos. Struct., 32(4), 467-478. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.32.4.467.
- Gou, H., Yang, L., Leng, D., Bao, Y. and Pu, Q. (2018), "Effect of bridge lateral deformation on track geometry of high-speed railway", Steel Compos. Struct., 29(2), 219-229. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.29.2.219.
- Gunay, S. and Mosalam, K.M. (2013), "PEER Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering Methodology, Revisited", J. Earthq. Eng., 17(6), 829-858. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2013.787377.
- Guo, Y. and Zhai, W. (2018), "Long-term prediction of track geometry degradation in high-speed vehicle-ballastless track system due to differential subgrade settlement", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 113 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.05.024.
- He, X. and Li, H. (2020), "Review of aerodynamics of high-speed train-bridge system in crosswinds", J. Central South U., 27(4), 1054-1073. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-020-4351-9.
- Ismail, A. and Jeng, D. (2011), "Modelling load-settlement behaviour of piles using high-order neural network (HON-PILE model)", Eng. Appl. Artif. Intel., 24(5), 813-821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2011.02.008.
- Jiang, L., Zheng, L., Feng, Y., Lai, Z. and Zhou, W. (2019), "Mapping the relationship between the structural deformation of a simply supported beam bridge and rail deformation in highspeed railways", Proc. Institution Mech. Engineers, Part F J. Rail Rapid Transit, 732767268. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954409719880668.
- Kang, C., Schneider, S., Wenner, M. and Marx, S. (2020), "Experimental investigation on rail fatigue resistance of track/bridge interaction", Eng. Struct., 216, 110747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110747.
- Karttunen, K., Kabo, E. and Ekberg, A. (2012), "A numerical study of the influence of lateral geometry irregularities on mechanical deterioration of freight tracks", Proc. Institution Mech. Engineers, Part F J. Rail Rapid Transit, 226(6), 575-586. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954409712445115.
- Kraft, S., Causse, J. and Coudert, F. (2018), "Vehicle responsebased track geometry assessment using multi-body simulation", Vehicle Syst. Dynam., 56(2), 190-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2017.1359418.
- Lai, Z. and Jiang, L. (2022), "Analytical evaluation of lateral rail unevenness on high-speed railway bridge after transversal seismic shaking", Eng. Struct., 267, 114614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114614.
- Lai, Z., Jiang, L. and Zhou, W. (2018), "An Analytical Study on Dynamic Response of Multiple Simply Supported Beam System Subjected to Moving Loads", Shock Vib., 2018, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2149251.
- Lai, Z., Jiang, L., Liu, X., Zhang, Y. and Zhou, W. (2021a), "Analytical investigation on the geometry of longitudinal continuous track in high-speed rail corresponding to lateral bridge deformation", Construct. Build. Mater., 268, 121064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121064.
- Lai, Z., Jiang, L., Zhou, W., Yu, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, X. and Zhou, W. (2021b), "Lateral girder displacement effect on the safety and comfortability of the high-speed rail train operation", Vehicle Syst. Dynam., 60(9), 3215-3239. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2021.1942507.
- Lai, Z., Kang, X., Jiang, L., Zhou, W., Feng, Y., Zhang, Y., Yu, J. and Nie, L. (2020), "Earthquake Influence on the Rail Irregularity on High-Speed Railway Bridge", Shock Vib., 2020, 4315304. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4315304.
- Liu, X., Jiang, L., Lai, Z., Xiang, P. and Chen, Y. (2020), "Sensitivity and dynamic analysis of train-bridge coupled system with multiple random factors", Eng. Struct., 221, 111083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111083.
- Liu, X., Jiang, L., Xiang, P., Lai, Z., Feng, Y. and Cao, S. (2021), "Dynamic response limit of high-speed railway bridge under earthquake considering running safety performance of train", J Central South U., 28(3), 968-980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4657-2.
- Montenegro, P.A., Calcada, R., Vila Pouca, N. and Tanabe, M. (2016), "Running safety assessment of trains moving over bridges subjected to moderate earthquakes", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 45(3), 483-504. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2673.
- Nielsen, J.C.O. and Li, X. (2018), "Railway track geometry degradation due to differential settlement of ballast/subgrade - Numerical prediction by an iterative procedure", J. Sound Vib., 412, 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2017.10.005.
- Rocha, J.M., Henriques, A.A. and Calcada, R. (2014), "Probabilistic safety assessment of a short span high-speed railway bridge", Eng. Struct., 71, 99-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.04.018.
- Sadeghi, J., Rabiee, S. and Khajehdezfuly, A. (2019), "Effect of rail irregularities on ride comfort of train moving over ballastless tracks", J. Struct. Stab. Dynam., 19(06), 1950060. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455419500603.
- Soman, R., Kyriakides, M., Onoufriou, T. and Ostachowicz, W. (2017), "Numerical evaluation of multi-metric data fusion based structural health monitoring of long span bridge structures", Struct. Infrastruct. E., 14(6), 673-684. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2017.1350984.
- Su, M., Dai, G., Marx, S., Liu, W. and Zhang, S. (2019), "A brief review of developments and challenges for high-speed rail bridges in China and Germany", Struct. Eng. Int., 29(1), 160-166. https://doi.org/10.1080/10168664.2018.1456892.
- Su, M., Wang, J., Peng, H., Cai, C.S. and Dai, G. (2020), "Stateof-the-art review of the development and application of bridge rotation construction methods in China", Sci. China Technol. Sci., 64(6), 1137-1152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-020-1704-1.
- Su, M., (2017), "Deformation and Stability of Multi-layer Partially-Connected Structure System for ballastless track on Bridge", Ph.D. Dissertation, Central South University.
- Tutumluer, E., Qian, Y., Hashash, Y.M., Ghaboussi, J. and Davis, D.D. (2013), "Discrete element modelling of ballasted track deformation behaviour", Int. J. Rail Transport., 1(1-2), 57-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/23248378.2013.788361.
- Zeng, Z., Wu, Z., Luo, J., Yin, H., Li, P. and Tu, Q. (2019), "An analytical calculation method for displacement and force on continuous welded rails in temperature-transition zone", Construct. Build. Mater., 207, 228-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.120.
- Zhang, S., Liu, H., Cheng, J. and DeJong, M.J. (2020), "A mechanical model to interpret distributed fiber optic strain measurement at displacement discontinuities", Struct. Health Monitor., 840633257. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921720964183.
- Zhang, S., Liu, H., Coulibaly, A.A.S. and DeJong, M. (2020), "Fiber optic sensing of concrete cracking and rebar deformation using several types of cable", Struct. Control Health Monitoring, e2664. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2664.
- Zhong, H. and Yang, M. (2017), "Dynamic effect of foundation settlement on bridge-vehicle interaction", Eng. Struct., 135, 149-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.01.006.