Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Out-of-plane behavior of perforated masonry walls strengthened with steel-bar truss system

  • Hwang, Seung-Hyeon (Department of Architectural Engineering, Graduate School, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Mun, Ju-Hyun (Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Yang, Keun-Hyeok (Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Kim, Sanghee (Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University)
  • Received : 2021.08.30
  • Accepted : 2022.08.10
  • Published : 2022.09.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of the strengthening efficiency of unbonded steel-bar truss system on the out-of-plane behavior of perforated masonry walls. Four full-scale unreinforced masonry (URM) walls with two different planes were prepared using the unbonded steel-bar truss system and a URM walls without strengthening. All masonry walls were tested under constant axial and cyclic lateral loads. The obtained test results indicated that the pinching effect in the out-plane behavior of masonry walls tends to decrease in the in- and out-of-plane strengthened URM walls using the unbonded steel-bar truss system with the higher prestressing force ratio (Rp) of vertical reinforcing bars in the unbonded steel-bar truss system, regardless of the perforated type of the masonry wall. Consequently, the highest maximum shear resistance and cumulative dissipated energy at peak load in the post-peak behavior were observed in the in- and out-plane strengthened URM walls with the highest Rp values, which are 2.7 and 6.0 times higher than those of URM. In particular, the strengthening efficiency of the unbonded steel-bar truss system was primarily attributed to the vertical prestressed steel-bars rather than the diagonal steel-bars, which indicates that the strains in the vertical prestressed steel-bars at the peak load were approximately 1.6 times higher than those in the diagonal steel-bars.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by National Disaster Management Research Institute funded by Ministry of the Interior and Safety (2021-MOIS32-042-01010100-2022).

References

  1. ASTM C1314 (2018), Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Masonry Prisms, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  2. Bagheri, B., Lee, J.H., Kim, H.G. and Oh, S.H. (2020), "Experimental evaluation of the seismic performance of retrofitted masonry walls", Compos. Struct., 240, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.111997.
  3. Beyer, K. (2015), "Seismic behaviour of unreinforced masonry buildings with reinforced concrete slabs: assessment of in-plane and out-of-plane response", Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics Laboratory (EESD), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne.
  4. Capozucca, R. (2011), "Experimental analysis of historic masonry walls reinforced by CFRP under in-plane cyclic loading", Compos. Struct., 94, 277-289. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.06.007.
  5. Choi, Y.C., Choi, H.K., Lee, D. and Choi, C.S. (2015), "Shear strength of unreinforced masonry wall retrofitted with fiber reinforced polymer and hybrid sheet", Int. J. Polym. Sci., 2015, Article ID 863057. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/863057.
  6. Darbhanzi, A., Marefat, M.S. and Khanmohammadi, M. (2014), "Investigation of in-plane seismic retrofit of unreinforced masonry walls by means of vertical steel ties", Constr. Build. Mater., 52, 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.020.
  7. El-Diasity, M., Okail, H., Kamal, O. and Said, M. (2015), "Structural performance of confined masonry walls retrofitted using ferrocement and GFRP under in-plane cyclic loading", Eng. Struct., 94(1), 54-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.035.
  8. FEMA 273 (1997), NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington D.C., USA.
  9. Hwang, S.H., Kim, S. and Yang, K.H. (2020), "In-plane seismic performance of masonry wall retrofitted with prestressed steelbar truss", Earthq. Struct., 19(6), 459-469. http://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.19.6.459.
  10. Hwang, S.H., Yang, K.H. and Kim, S. (2021a), "In-plane and outof-plane seismic performances of masonry walls strengthened with steel-bar truss systems", J. Korea Inst. Struct. Mainten. Inspect., 25(1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.11112/jksmi.2021.25.1.16.
  11. Hwang, S.H., Yang, K.H. and Kim, S. (2021b), "Out-of-plane behaviour of masonry wall structures strengthened with steelbar truss system", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Building, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.20.00262.
  12. Ivorra, S., Torres, B., Baeza, F.J. and Bru, D. (2021), "In-plane shear cyclic behavior of windowed masonry walls reinforced with textile reinforced mortars", Eng. Struct., 266(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111343.
  13. Lee, J.H. (2005), "Seismic capacity and seismic retrofitting of low-rise buildings-unreinforced masonry, brick-infilled RC frame and steel slit damper retrofitted RC frame", PhD Dissertation, Kwangwoon University, Republic of Korea.
  14. Milosevic, J., Lopes, M., Gago, A.S. and Bento, R. (2015), "Inplane seismic response of rubble stone masonry specimens by means of static cyclic tests", Constr. Build. Mater., 82, 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.018.
  15. National Institute for Disaster Prevention (2005), Development of SEISMIC RETROFITTING Techniques for Vulnerable Part in Unreinforced Masonry Buildings, National Disaster Management Institute, Republic of Korea.
  16. Taghdi, M., Bruneau, M. and Saatcioglu, M. (2000), "Seismic retrofitting of low-rise masonry and concrete walls using steel strips", J. Struct. Eng., 126(9), 1017-1025. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:9(1017).
  17. Vasconcelos, G. and Lourenco, P.B. (2009), "In-plane experimental behavior of stone masonry walls under cyclic loading", J. Struct. Eng., 135(10), 1269-1277. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000053.
  18. Yang, K.H., Joo, D.B., Sim, J.I. and Kang, J.H. (2012), "In-plane seismic performance of unreinforced masonry walls strengthened with unbonded prestressed wire rope units", Eng. Struct., 45, 449-459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.017.
  19. Yang, K.H., Mun, J.H. and Hwang, S.H. (2021), "Cyclic shear behavior of masonry walls strengthened with prestressed steel bars and glass fiber grids", Compos. Struct., 238, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.111961.