Journal of Christian Education in Korea (기독교교육논총)

The Korean Society of Christian Religious Education (한국기독교교육학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Implications of Christian Education on Digital Storytelling in the Metaverse

메타버스를 통한 디지털 스토리텔링에 대한 기독교교육적 연구

  • Shin, Hyunho (Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary)
  • Received : 2022.05.29
  • Accepted : 2022.06.29
  • Published : 2022.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Digital transformation, which is accelerating in each area of society due to the COVID-19 pandemic, is also having a profound effect on Christian education. A representative example of digital transformation is the emergence of a digital world called the metaverse. This study understands the metaverse as an expanded space for Christian education and explores digital storytelling as a method for faith formation. It is argued that the characteristics of digital storytelling through metaverse spaces are characterized by interactivity, agency, audiovisuality, sociality, and openness, and that modification through Christian educational frames is necessary in order for this approach to be appropriated to Christian educational practice. To this end, this study examines Anne Wimberly's story-linking approach, and Mary Hess' approach on digital storytelling, which is understood as a way of faith formation for the liberation and Christian vocation through storytelling in a digital space, focusing on authority, authenticity, and agency. It is argued that Christian education on the Metaverse should be a place for change in the Christian life and formation of vocation, and a space where participants' active responses to God's grace be practiced in a digital space in a reciprocal way. This means that learners are encouraged to participate in expressive and relational education that is practiced in the form of play and creation, responding to God's initiative in the metaverse. This study argues that for digital storytelling through the metaverse to become a process of faith formation, it is necessary to connect stories of participants with the story of God's Kingdom in the expanded digital world, aim for a reciprocal space through hospitality and listening, and promote immersive participation and holistic reflection.

코로나 팬데믹으로 인해 사회 각 영역에서 가속화되고 있는 디지털 전환은 기독교교육의 실천에도 지대한 영향을 미치고 있다. 디지털 전환을 대표적으로 보여주는 것은 메타버스(metaverse)로 명명되는 디지털 세계의 출현이다. 본 연구는 메타버스를 기독교교육이 실천될 수 있는 신앙교육의 확장된 공간으로 이해하고, 구체적인 방법으로서 디지털 스토리텔링 접근을 탐색한다. 디지털 스토리텔링이 메타버스 공간에서 실천될 때 참여자들은 자신의 이야기를 성찰하며 그것을 디지털화된 시청각 재료로 함께 하나의 디지털 스토리를 구성하고 공유함으로써 이야기의 의미를 발견하고 변화를 경험하도록 안내하는 실천의 가능성을 갖는다. 이러한 디지털 스토리텔링은 상호작용성, 주도성, 시청각성, 사회성, 개방성의 특징을 지니며, 이것이 기독교교육 방법으로 활용되기 위해서는 재개념화가 요청된다. 이를 위해 이야기 연결하기를 통한 자유와 소명의 발견과 열정적인 경청의 공동체 형성을 강조했던 앤 윔벌리의 방법론을 고찰한다. 또한, 디지털 스토리텔링을 신앙형성의 한 방식으로 이해하며 권위와 진정성 있는 신앙, 그리고 주도성을 중심으로 디지털 공간을 기독교교육의 장으로 해석한 메리 헤스의 접근을 고찰한다. 이를 통해 메타버스에서 기독교교육이 변화와 소명 형성을 위한 기독교교육의 장으로서, 상호적 디지털 공간에서 하나님의 은총에 대한 인간의 적극적 응답이 실천되는 공간이 되어야 함을 주장한다. 이는 참여자가 메타버스라는 디지털 공간 속에서 하나님의 주도성에 응답하며 놀이와 만들기의 형태로 실천되는 체현적, 관계적인 교육에 참여하는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구는 메타버스를 통한 디지털 스토리텔링이 신앙형성의 한 과정이 되기 위해서 확장된 세계 속 하나님 나라의 이야기에 참여하는 참여자의 이야기로 연결하고, 환대와 경청을 통해 상호적인 공간을 지향하며, 몰입적 참여와 전인적 성찰을 증진하는 실천이 되어야 할 것을 주장한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2022년 장로회신학대학교의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임

References

  1. Kye, B. K. et al. (2020). The educational application of the metaverse. Daegu: Korea Education and Research Information Service.
  2. Ko, S. Y., Jeong, H. G., Kim. J. I., & Shin. Y. T. (2021). The concept and developmental direction of the metaverse. Korea Information Prcoessing Society Review, 28(1), 7-16.
  3. Ko, W. S. (2018). Cotemporary Christian education methodologies. Seoul: Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary Press.
  4. Kim, S. G. (2020). Metaverse. Seoul: Plan-B Design.
  5. Kim, Y. R. (2013). Digital storytelling and Christian education: Seeking faith education through "sharing empathetic stories." Theology and the World, 78, 435-463.
  6. Kim, H. K. (2016). Storytelling and imagetelling of theme space. Seoul: Communication Books.
  7. Kim, H. Y. (2021). A study on the role of Christianity and the educational direction in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Journal of Christian Education, 67, 377-414.
  8. Nam, S. W. (2014). Developing and adapting church education program by smart problem-based learning. Journal of Christian Education, 40, 449-486.
  9. Nam, S. W. (2021). A study on the design and development of interactive non-face-to-face real-time classes using edutech: A case study of Christian education class. Journal of Christian Education, 66, 343-382.
  10. Park, M. S. & Han, D. S. (2017). VR journalism's image text analysis-based on the New York Times' . The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 17(9), 173-183. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2017.17.09.173
  11. Seo, M. K. (2021). A Bible didactical approach to Bibliodrama on the metaverse platforms. Journal of Christian education, 69, 45-75.
  12. Seo, H. K. (2019). Educational effect of digital-storytelling technique: A systematic review. Journal of Korea Game Society, 19(1), 37-46. https://doi.org/10.7583/JKGS.2019.19.1.37
  13. Shin, H. S. & Shin, H. H. (2022). Wise metaverse church school. Seoul: Duranno.
  14. Yang, K. H. (2021). Integral Christian education epistemology. Seoul: Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary Press.
  15. Yang, S. J. Christian education in the age of edutech: Centered on connecting and sharing, individualized customized learning, and experience and realization. Theology and the World, 101, 309-344.
  16. Lee, G. S. (2020). Betrayal of digital: Platform capitalism and the temptation of technology. Seoul: IMSS.
  17. Lee, B. K. (2021). The metaverse world and our future. Korea Contents Association, 19(1), 13-17.
  18. Lee, S. H. (2021). Log in the metaverse: the revolution of humanXspaceXtime, IS-115. Seongnam: Software Policy & Research Institute.
  19. Yi, J. Y. (2021). Storytelling in metaverse. Journal of Korean Oral Literature, 62, 5-32. https://doi.org/10.22274/KORALIT.2021.62.001
  20. Lee, H. J. (2022). A study on the possibility of Christian education through Palmer's concept of learning space and the metaverse connection to virtual space: 'virtual space Bible drama' using 'ZEPETO'. The Gospel and Praxis, 63, 105-139. https://doi.org/10.25309/kept.2022.5.15.105
  21. Jeon, Y. M. (2011). Using digital storytelling in religious education. Journal of Christian Education & Information Technology, 28, 143-166.
  22. Jeon, Y. M. (2012). Online Christian education model. In Ko, W. S. et al. New models of Christian education. Seoul: PUTS Christian Education Research Institute.
  23. Korea Research (2020). [Covid-19] The post Covid-19, Covid-19, and non-face-to-face, digital society transformation. Retrieved from https://hrcopinion.co.kr/archives/15674
  24. Hwang, Y. S. (2013). Online jounalism. Seoul: Communication Books.
  25. Acceleration Studies Foundation (2022.3.29). Metaverse Roadmap Pathways to the 3D Web. https://www.metaverseroadmap.org/overview/에서 인출.
  26. Alexander, B. (2017). The new digital storytelling: Creating narratives with new media (Revised and updated edition). Westport: Praeger.
  27. Barber, J. F. (2016). Digital storytelling: New opportunities for humanities scholarship and pedagogy. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 3(1), 1181037.
  28. Babin, P. (2000). Medias, chance pour l'Evangile: un dialogue (Lee, Y. S. Trans.). Seoul: Hankyung PCline. (Original work published in 2001)
  29. Benmayor, R. (2008). Digital storytelling as a signature pedagogy for the new humanities. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 7(2), 188-204. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474022208088648
  30. Bingham, T., & Conner. M. (2011). Social learning. (Lee, C. Trans.). Seoul: Creduhow. (Original work published in 2010)
  31. Couch, J., & Towne, J. (2020). Rewiring education. (Kim, Y. S. Trans.) Seoul: Across Publishing Group Inc. (Original work published in 2018)
  32. Groome, T. (1991). Sharing faith: A comprehensive approach to religious education and pastoral ministry: The way of shared praxis. San Francisco: HaperSanFrancisco.
  33. Groome. T. (2011). Will there be faith?: a new vision for educating and growing disciples. New York: HarperOne.
  34. Hess, M. E. (2005). Engaging technology in theological education: All that we can't leave behind. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield publishers, Inc.
  35. Hess, M. E. (2012). Mirror neurons, the development of empathy, and digital story telling. Religious Education, 107(4), 401-414. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2012.699412
  36. Hess, M. E. (2013). Digital storytelling: Empowering feminist and womanist faith formation with young women. In Mia Lovheim (Ed.), Media, religion, and gender: Key issues and new challenges (169-82). London: Routledge.
  37. Hess, M. E. (2014). A new culture of learning: Digital storytelling and faith formation. Dialog, 53(1), 12-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/dial.12084
  38. Hess, M. E. (2015). Learning with digital technologies: Privileging persons over machines. Journal of Moral Theology, 4(1), 131-150.
  39. Lambert, J. (2013). Digital storytelling: Capturing lives, creating community (4th ed.) New York: Routledge.
  40. Lambert, J. (2018). Digital storytelling: Capturing lives, creating community (5th ed.) New York: Routledge.
  41. Lambert, J. (2010). Digital storytelling cookbook. Berkeley: Digital Diner Press.
  42. Lytle, J. A. (2013). Faith formation 4.0: Introducing an ecology of faith in a digital age. New York: Church Publishing Inc.
  43. Miller, C. H. (2016). Digital storytelling (Byeon, M. J. et. al Trans.). Seoul: Communication Books. (Original work publisehd in 2008)
  44. Palmer, P. (1993). To know as we are known: A spirituality of education . San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco.
  45. Robin, B. R. (2008). Digital storytelling: a powerful technology tool for the 21st century classroom. Theory Into Practice, 47(3), 220-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405840802153916
  46. Robin, B. R. (2016). The power of digital storytelling to support teaching and learning. Digital Education Review, 30, 17-29.
  47. Wimberly, A. S. (2010). Soul stories: African American Christian education (Rev. ed.). Nashville: Abingdon Press.
  48. Wimberly, A. S., & Parker, E. L. (2002). In search of wisdom: faith formation in the black church. Nashville: Abingdon Press.
  49. Wimberly, A. E. S. (1997). The faith community as listener in the era of cyberspace: in search of the listener: receptivity, bearing witness, and formation of self in the era of cyberspace; lecture one. Journal of the Interdenominational Theological Center, 25(2), 13-39.