Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Assessment of anatomical characteristics of the medicinal plant African cherry (Prunus africana) for its accurate taxonomic identification

  • Komakech, Richard (Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Institute (NCRI), Ministry of Health) ;
  • Yang, Sungyu (Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)) ;
  • Song, Jun Ho (Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)) ;
  • Choi, Goya (Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Goo (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Okello, Denis (Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)) ;
  • Omujal, Francis (Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Institute (NCRI), Ministry of Health) ;
  • Kyeyune, Grace Nambatya (Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Institute (NCRI), Ministry of Health) ;
  • Matsabisa, Motlalepula Gilbert (IKS Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State) ;
  • Kang, Youngmin (Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Institute (NCRI), Ministry of Health)
  • Received : 2021.12.05
  • Accepted : 2022.05.03
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

The genus Prunus (family: Rosaceae) consists of over 400 plant species and exhibits vast biodiversity worldwide. Given the wide distribution of this genus, its taxonomic classification is important. Anatomical characteristics are conserved and stable and can therefore be used as an important tool for the taxonomic characterization of plants. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and document the anatomical characteristics of the leaf, stem, and seed of P. africana using micrographs and photographs for possible use in the identification, quality control, and phylogenetic analysis of the species. The anatomical sections of a young stem revealed a cortex consisting of isodiametric parenchyma cells, druse crystals, primary vascular bundles, and pith. The mature stem bark majorly consisted of the rhytidome, with the periderm densely arranged in multiple layers; a cluster of stone cells; and sclerenchyma. The leaf sections were hypostomatic, with stomata sizes ranging from 18.90-(22.34)-26.90 × 15.41-(18.40)-21.22 ㎛. The leaf sections showed the presence of characteristic druse crystals, vascular bundles, and mesophyll layers. The pericarp contained the epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp, with their thickness being approximately 350-400, 300-350, and 30-50 ㎛, respectively. In addition, it contained a seed testa with a thickness of approximately 50-60 ㎛. The morphological and anatomical characteristics observed in P. africana leaves, stems, and seeds in this study could serve as useful data for the taxonomic identification of this species.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was funded by the framework of International Cooperation Program (Korea-South Africa Cooperative Research Project for Excavation of Candidate Resources of Complementary and Alternative Medicine) managed by National Research Foundation of Korea (grant no. 2017093655 and KIOM: D17470). Additionally, this work was also supported by Development of Foundational Techniques for the Domestic Production of Herbal Medicines (K18405), Development of Sustainable Application for Standard Herbal Resources (KSN2013320), Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine through the Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea.

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