Smart Structures and Systems

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A generalized adaptive variational mode decomposition method for nonstationary signals with mode overlapped components

  • Liu, Jing-Liang (College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) ;
  • Qiu, Fu-Lian (College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) ;
  • Lin, Zhi-Ping (Fujian Expressway Group Co., LTD) ;
  • Li, Yu-Zu (College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) ;
  • Liao, Fei-Yu (College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University)
  • Received : 2021.04.30
  • Accepted : 2022.04.28
  • Published : 2022.07.25
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Abstract

Engineering structures in operation essentially belong to time-varying or nonlinear structures and the resultant response signals are usually non-stationary. For such time-varying structures, it is of great importance to extract time-dependent dynamic parameters from non-stationary response signals, which benefits structural health monitoring, safety assessment and vibration control. However, various traditional signal processing methods are unable to extract the embedded meaningful information. As a newly developed technique, variational mode decomposition (VMD) shows its superiority on signal decomposition, however, it still suffers two main problems. The foremost problem is that the number of modal components is required to be defined in advance. Another problem needs to be addressed is that VMD cannot effectively separate non-stationary signals composed of closely spaced or overlapped modes. As such, a new method named generalized adaptive variational modal decomposition (GAVMD) is proposed. In this new method, the number of component signals is adaptively estimated by an index of mean frequency, while the generalized demodulation algorithm is introduced to yield a generalized VMD that can decompose mode overlapped signals successfully. After that, synchrosqueezing wavelet transform (SWT) is applied to extract instantaneous frequencies (IFs) of the decomposed mono-component signals. To verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed method, three numerical examples and a steel cable with time-varying tension force are investigated. The results demonstrate that the proposed GAVMD method can decompose the multi-component signal with overlapped modes well and its combination with SWT enables a successful IF extraction of each individual component.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study is sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants No. 51608122, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grants No. 2018M632561, the Natural Science Foundation of the Fujian Province under Grants No. 2020J01581 and the Special fund for science and technology innovation of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University under Grants No. CXZX2020112A.

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