Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society (천문학회지)

The Korean Astronomical Society (한국천문학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

KINEMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS IN LASCO C3 FIELD OF VIEW

  • Jeon, Seong-Gyeong (School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Moon, Yong-Jae (School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Cho, Il-Hyun (Department of Astronomy & Space Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Lee, Harim (Department of Astronomy & Space Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yi, Kangwoo (Department of Astronomy & Space Science, Kyung Hee University)
  • Received : 2021.05.26
  • Accepted : 2022.03.22
  • Published : 2022.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, we perform a statistical investigation of the kinematic classification of 4,264 coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from 1996 to 2015 observed by SOHO/LASCO C3. Using the constant acceleration model, we classify these CMEs into three groups: deceleration, constant velocity, and acceleration motion. For this, we devise three different classification methods using fractional speed variation, height contribution, and visual inspection. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the fractions of three groups depend on the method used. Second, about half of the events belong to the groups of acceleration and deceleration. Third, the fractions of three motion groups as a function of CME speed are consistent with one another. Fourth, the fraction of acceleration motion decreases as CME speed increases, while the fractions of other motions increase with speed. In addition, the acceleration motions are dominant in low speed CMEs whereas the constant velocity motions are dominant in high speed CMEs.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2021R1I1A1A01049615), the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) under the R&D program (project No. 2022-1-850-05) supervised by the Ministry of Science and ICT. The SOHO/LASCO CME catalog is generated and maintained at the CDAW Data Center by NASA and The Catholic University of America in cooperation with the Naval Research Laboratory. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA.

References

  1. Andrews, M. D. & Howard, R. A. 2001, A two-Type Classification of Lasco Coronal Mass Ejection, Space Sci. Rev., 95, 147 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005284316619
  2. Bemporad, A., Zuccarello, F. P., Jacobs, C., et al. 2012, Study of Multiple Coronal Mass Ejections at Solar Minimum Conditions, Solar Physics, 281, 233
  3. Brueckner, G. E., Howard, R. A., Koomen, M. J., et al. 1995, The Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronagraph (LASCO), Solar Physics, 162, 357 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00733434
  4. Cane, H. V., Sheeley, N. R., Jr., & Howard, R. A. 1987, Energetic interplanetary shocks, radio emission, & coronal mass ejections, JGR, 92, 9869 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA092iA09p09869
  5. Cargill, P. J., Chen, J., Spicer, D. S., et al. 1996, Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the motion of magnetic flux tubes through a magnetized plasma, JGR, 101, 4855 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JA03769
  6. Cargill, P. J. 2004, On the Aerodynamic Drag Force Acting on Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections, Solar Physics, 211, 135 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022476010960
  7. Chen, J. 1996, Theory of prominence eruption and propagation: Interplanetary consequences, JGR, 101, 127499
  8. Chen, J., Howard, R. A., Brueckner, G. E., Santoro, R., et al. 1997, Evidence of an Erupting Magnetic Flux Rope: LASCO Coronal Mass Ejection of 1997 April 13, ApJ, 490, 191
  9. Chen, J., Santoro, R. A., Krall, J., et al. 2000, Magnetic Geometry and Dynamics of the Fast Coronal Mass Ejection of 1997 September 9, ApJ, 533, 481 https://doi.org/10.1086/308646
  10. Chen, J. & Krall, J. 2003, Acceleration of coronal mass ejections, JGRA, 108, 1410 https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JA009849
  11. Chen, A. Q., Chen, P. F., & Fang, C. 2006, On the CME velocity distribution, A&A, 456, 1153 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20065378
  12. Domingo, V., Fleck, B., & Poland, A. I. 1995, SOHO: The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, Space Sci. Rev., 72, 81 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00768758
  13. Gosling, J. T., Hildner, E., MacQueen, R. M., et al. 1976, The speeds of coronal mass ejection events, Solar Physics, 48, 389 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00152004
  14. Gopalswamy, N., Lara, A., Lepping, R. P., et al. 2000, Interplanetary acceleration of coronal mass ejections, GeoRL, 27, 145
  15. Gopalswamy, N., Lara, A., Yashiro, S., et al., 2001, Predicting the 1-AU arrival times of coronal mass ejections, JGR, 106, 29207 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JA000177
  16. Krall, J., Chen, J., Duffin, R. T., et al. 2001, Erupting Solar Magnetic Flux Ropes: Theory and Observation, ApJ, 562, 1045 https://doi.org/10.1086/323844
  17. Lee, H., Moon, Y.-J., & Nakariakov, V. M. 2015, Radial and Azimuthal Oscillations of Halo Coronal Mass Ejections in the Sun, ApJL, 803, 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/7
  18. Lyons, M. A. & Simnett, G. M. 1999, Multiple CME Events Observed With LASCO, Solar Physics, 186, 363 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005134000133
  19. MacQueen, R. M. & Fisher, R. R. 1983, The kinematics of solar inner coronal transients, Solar Physics, 89, 89 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00211955
  20. Maloney, S. A. & Gallagher, P. T. 2010, Solar Wind Drag and the Kinematics of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections, ApJL, 724, 127
  21. Manoharan, P. K. 2006, Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections in the Inner Heliosphere: A Study Using WhiteLight and Scintillation Images, Solar Physics, 255, 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-008-9314-5
  22. Moon, Y.-J., Choe, G. S., Wang, H., et al. 2002, A Statistical Study of Two Classes of Coronal Mass Ejections, ApJ, 581, 694 https://doi.org/10.1086/344088
  23. Moon, Y.-J., Cho, K. S., Smith, Z., et al. 2004, FlareAssociated Coronal Mass Ejections with Large Accelerations, ApJ, 615, 1011 https://doi.org/10.1086/424682
  24. Nakagawa, T., Gopalswamy, N., & Yashiro, S. 2006, Solar wind speed within 20 RS of the Sun estimated from limb coronal mass ejections, JGRA, 111, 1108
  25. Sachdeva, N., Subramanian, P., Colaninno, R., et al. 2015, CME Propagation: Where does Aerodynamic Drag 'Take Over'?, ApJ, 809, 158 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/809/2/158
  26. Sachdeva, N., Subramanian, P., Vourlidas, A., et al. 2017, CME Dynamics Using STEREO and LASCO Observations: The Relative Importance of Lorentz Forces and Solar Wind Drag, Solar Physics, 292, 118 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-017-1137-9
  27. Shanmugaraju, A., Moon, Y.-J., Vrsnak, B., et al. 2009, Radial Evolution of Well-Observed Slow CMEs in the Distance Range 2-30 R⊙, Solar Physics, 257, 351 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-009-9379-9
  28. Shanmugaraju, A., Moon, Y.-J., Cho, K.-S., et al. 2010, Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Lasco Coronal Mass Ejection Speeds, ApJ, 708, 450 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/708/1/450
  29. Shanmugaraju, A., Moon, Y.-J., & Subramanian, P. 2013, Kinematics of Strongly Accelerated and Strongly Decelerated DH-type II Associated CMEs, Cent. Eur. Astrophys. Bull., 37, 673
  30. Sheeley, N. R., Jr., Howard, R. A., Michels, D. J., et al. 1985, Coronal mass ejections and interplanetary shocks, JGR, 90, 163
  31. Takahashi, T., Qiu, J., & Shibata, K. 2017, Quasi-periodic Oscillations in Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections Associated with Magnetic Reconnection, ApJ, 848, 102 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8f97
  32. Vrsnak, B. 2001, Dynamics of solar coronal eruptions, JGR, 106, 25249 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JA004007
  33. Vrsnak, B. & Gopalswamy, N. 2002, Influence of the aerodynamic drag on the motion of interplanetary ejecta, JGRA, 107, 1019
  34. Vrsnak, B., Ruzdjak, D., Sudar, D., et al. 2004, Kinematics of coronal mass ejections between 2 and 30 solar radii. What can be learned about forces governing the eruption?, A&A, 423, 717 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20047169
  35. Vrsnak, B., Zic, T., Mostl, C., et al. 2010, The role of aerodynamic drag in propagation of interplanetary coronal mass ejections, A&A, 512, 43
  36. Wen, Y., Maia, D. J. F., & Wang, J. 2007, The CME Acceleration Problem: Error Estimates in LASCO Coronal Mass Ejection Measurements, ApJ, 657, 1117 https://doi.org/10.1086/507405
  37. Yashiro, S., Gopalswamy, N., Michalek, G., et al. 2004, A catalog of white light coronal mass ejections observed by the SOHO spacecraft, JGRA, 109, 07105
  38. Yurchyshyn, V., Yashiro, S., Abramenko, V., et al. 2005, Statistical Distributions of Speeds of Coronal Mass Ejections, ApJ, 619, 599 https://doi.org/10.1086/426129
  39. Zhang, J., Dere, K. P., Howard, R. A., et al. 2004, A Study of the Kinematic Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections, ApJ, 604, 402
  40. Zhang, J. & Dere, K. P. 2006, A Statistical Study of Main and Residual Accelerations of Coronal Mass Ejections, ApJ, 649, 1100 https://doi.org/10.1086/506903