Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Changes in phytoplankton size structure in the East Sea 2018-2020 due to marine environment change

해양환경 변화로 인한 2018~2020년 동해 식물플랑크톤 크기 구조 변화

  • Kyung Woo Park (National Institute of Fisheries Science, NIFS) ;
  • Hyun Ju Oh (National Institute of Fisheries Science, NIFS) ;
  • Jae Dong Hwang (National Institute of Fisheries Science, NIFS) ;
  • Su Yeon Moon (National Institute of Fisheries Science, NIFS) ;
  • Min Uk Lee (National Institute of Fisheries Science, NIFS) ;
  • Seok Hyun Youn (National Institute of Fisheries Science, NIFS)
  • 박경우 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 오현주 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 황재동 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 문수연 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 이민욱 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 윤석현 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과)
  • Received : 2022.02.08
  • Accepted : 2022.03.02
  • Published : 2022.03.31
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Abstract

We conducted a field survey from 2018 to 2020 to analyze the spatial distribution of phytoplankton communities at 13 stations in the East Sea. The diatom Chaetoceros curvisetus appeared as the dominant species in winter, and small flagellates less than 20 ㎛ prevailed in all seasons except winter. The seasonal average range of the micro (>20 ㎛), nano (20 ㎛≥Chl-a>3 ㎛), and picophytoplankton (≤3 ㎛) was 20.6-26.2%, 27.1-35.9%, and 40.8-49.0%, respectively. The composition ratio of nano and picophytoplankton was high at the surface mixed layer from spring to autumn when the water columns were strongly stratified. Especially, the stability of the water mass was increased when the summer surface water temperature was higher than that of the previous year. As a result, the nutrient inflow from the lower layer to the surface was reduced as the ocean stratification layer was strengthened. Therefore, the composition ratio of nano and picophytoplankton was the highest at 77.9% at the surface mixed layer. In conclusion, the structure of the phytoplankton community in the East Sea has been miniaturized, which is expected to form a complex microbial food web structure and lower the carbon transfer rate to the upper consumer stage.

동해 연근해 해역에서 식물플랑크톤 군집의 분포 특성을 파악하기 위해 2018년부터 2020년까지 계절적으로 13개 정점을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 동계에는 규조류인 Chaetoceros curvisetus가 최우점종으로 출현하고 있었으며, 동계를 제외한 전 계절에에 미동정 미소편모조류가 우점하는 것으로 나타났다. 식물플랑크톤의 크기별 구성에서도 연간 계절별 평균 범위는 소형 20.6~26.2%, 미소 27.1~35.9%와 초미소 40.8~49.9%를 나타내었다. 성층이 형성되는 시기인 춘계, 하계 및 추계 표층 혼합층 내에서 미소와 초미소식물플랑크톤의 구성비가 높았다. 특히, 하계 표층 수온 상승이 예년에 비해 높아짐에 따라 수괴 안정도는 증가하고 있었으며 이로 인하여 성층이 강화됨에 따라 저층으로부터 표층으로의 영양염 유입이 감소하여 표층 혼합층 내 미소와 초미소식물플랑크톤의 구성비가 77.9%로 가장 높은 특징을 나타내었다. 동해 연근해 해역의 식물플랑크톤 군집의 크기 구조는 상당히 소형화가 진행되었으며, 이로 인하여 복잡한 미세먹이망 구조를 형성하며 상위 소비자 단계로의 총 탄소량 전달을 낮춰 전체적인 생산력은 낮아질 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문을 세밀하게 검토해 주신 심사위원들께 깊이 감사드립니다. 본 연구사업은 국립수산과학원 수산과학원연구사업 '한국근해 해양변동 모니터링 및 생태계 특성연구' (R2022055)의 지원으로 수행되었습니다. 현장자료 확보를 위해 수고하였던 정선해양조사 관련 연구원들과 탐구 3호 승조원들께 감사의 말씀을 드립니다.

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