한국어류학회지 (Korean Journal of Ichthyology)

  • 제34권1호
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  • Pages.34-43
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  • 2022
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  • 1225-8598(pISSN)
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  • 2288-3371(eISSN)
한국어류학회 (The Ichthyological Society of Korea)
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한국산 냉수성 어류 새미(잉어목, 잉어과)의 분포현황 및 멸종위협평가

Distribution Status and Extinction Threat Evaluation of Ladislabia taczanowskii (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), a Cold Water Fish in Korea

  • 투고 : 2021.12.07
  • 심사 : 2022.01.03
  • 발행 : 2022.03.31
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초록

한국산 냉수성 어류 새미 Ladislabia taczanowskii Dybowski의 분포양상 및 서식지 특징, 멸종위협을 평가하기 위해 2021년 3월부터 8월까지 분포조사를 실시하였다. 과거 출현기록은 1997~2005년, 2006~2012년, 2013~2019년으로 구분하였고, 분포조사는 169개 지점을 조사하여 72개 지점에서 1,040개체가 채집되었다. 서식이 확인된 지역은 남한강(27지점), 임진강(17지점), 북한강(16지점), 삼척오십천(4지점), 연곡천(3지점), 강릉남대천(2지점), 전천(1지점), 추천(2지점)이었다. 새미의 주 서식지는 고도가 300 m 이상의 상류로 유폭은 2~30 m, 수심은 0.3~1.5 m이며 하상은 큰돌의 비율이 50~90%, 돌의 비율이 10~50%인 곳이었다. 새미의 위협요인으로는 보의 축조와 댐건설, 교량공사, 골재 채취 등의 하천공사와 생활 하수유입, 유원지, 태풍으로 인한 홍수 및 복구공사 등이었다. IUCN 평가기준에 따른 멸종위협 등급은 2010~2019년 대비 서식지 감소율(36.1%), 출현범위(7,820 km2), 점유면적(288 km2), 지소수(19개), 서식지 질 하락 등을 근거로 취약(Vulnerable, VU A2ac)으로 평가되었다. 마지막으로 새미의 보존방안에 대해 논의하였다.

A distribution survey was conducted from March to August 2021 to evaluate the distribution status, habitat characteristics, and threat of extinction of the Korean cold-water fish Ladislabia taczanowskii Dybowski (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae). Historical distribution reports were divided into 1997~2005, 2006~2012, 2013~2019, and distribution surveyed 169 sampling sites, and 1,040 individuals were collected from 72 sites. Areas where the habitat was confirmed were Namhan River (27 stations), Han River (17 stations), Bukhan River (16 stations), Samcheok Osipcheon (4 stations), Yeongokcheon (3 stations), Gangneung Namdaecheon (2 stations), Jeoncheon (1 station), Chucheon (2 stations). The main habitat of L. taczanowskii was upstream of the river with a high altitude of more than 300 m, 2~30 m water flow width, 0.3~1.5 m water depth, and high ratio (50~90%) boulder bottoms. The main reasons for the decline in population size were assumed as river works, construction of reservoirs and bridges, discharge of contaminated water into the river, the inflow of summer vacationers, and weir. Compared to our results there exists evidence that states a 36.1% reduction in occupancy within 10 years, in a small appearance range (7,820 km2) and occupancy area (288 km2), number of disconnected locations (19 locations), and a decline in habitat quality. Therefore, L. taczanowskii is now considered as Vulnerable (VU) based on the results (VU A2ac, Near meets B1b (i, ii, iii)+B2b (i, ii, iii)) of IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Lastly, the conservation plan of Ladislabia taczanowskii was discussed.

키워드

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