Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Innovative shear link as damper: an experimental and numerical study

  • Ghamari, Ali (Department of Civil Engineering, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Ju (Korea Institute of Structural Engineering & Consulting) ;
  • Bae, Jaehoon (Department of Architecture Design, College of Engineering Science, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2021.08.15
  • Accepted : 2022.02.12
  • Published : 2022.02.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Concentrically braced frames (CBFs) possess high stiffness and strength against lateral loads; however, they suffer from low energy absorption capacity against seismic loads due to the susceptibility of CBF diagonal elements to bucking under compression loading. To address this problem, in this study, an innovative damper was proposed and investigated experimentally and numerically. The proposed damper comprises main plates and includes a flange plate angled at θ and a trapezius-shaped web plate surrounded by the plate at the top and bottom sections. To investigate the damper behaviour, dampers with θ = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° were evaluated with different flange plate thicknesses of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mm. Dampers with θ = 0° and 90° create rectangular-shaped and I-shaped shear links, respectively. The results indicate that the damper with θ = 30° exhibits better performance in terms of ultimate strength, stiffness, overstrength, and distribution stress over the damper as compared to dampers with other angles. The hysteresis curves of the dampers confirm that the proposed damper acts as a ductile fuse. Furthermore, the web and flange plates contribute to the shear resistance, with the flange carrying approximately 80% and 10% of the shear force for dampers with θ = 30° and 90°, respectively. Moreover, dampers that have a larger flange-plate shear strength than the shear strength of the web exhibit behaviours in linear and nonlinear zones. In addition, the over-strength obtained for the damper was greater than 1.5 (proposed by AISC for shear links). Relevant relationships are determined to predict and design the damper and the elements outside it.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The research described in this paper was financially supported by the Korea Institute of Structural Engineering & Consulting that is appreciated.

References

  1. AISC (2016), AISC 341-16, Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, IL, U.S.A.
  2. ANSI/AISC 360-16, (2016), Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Inst. Steel Constr., American, 1-612.
  3. ANSYS Guide (2017), The Guide of ANSYS Program V17, INC, U.S.A.
  4. Askariani, S. and Garivani, S. (2020), "Introducing and numerical study of a new brace-type slit damper", Structures, 27, 702-717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.06.019.
  5. Bae, J., Lee, C.H., Park, M., Alemayehu, R.W., Ryu, J., Kim, Y. and Ju, Y.K. (2020a), "Cyclic loading performance of radius-cut double coke-shaped strip dampers", Materials, 13(18), 3920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13183920
  6. Bae, J., Lee, C.H., Park, M., Alemayehu, R.W., Ryu, J. and Ju, Y.K. (2020b), "Modified low-cycle fatigue estimation using machine learning for radius-cut coke-shaped metallic damper subjected to cyclic loading", Int. J. Steel Structures, 20(6), 1849-1858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-020-00377-7
  7. Bakhshayesh, Y., Shayanfar, M. and Ghamari, A, (2021), "Improving the performance of concentrically braced frame utilizing an innovative shear damper", J. Constr. Steel Res, 182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106672.
  8. Bergman, D. and Goel, S. (1987), "Evaluation of cyclic testing of steel-plate devices for added damping and stiffness", Department of Civil Engineering, University of Michigan.
  9. Eldin, M., Kim, J. and Kim, J. (2018), "Optimum distribution of steel slit-friction hybrid dampers based on life cycle cost", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J, 27(5), 633-646. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.27.5.633.
  10. Bouwkamp, J. Vetr, M.G. and Ghamari, A. (2016). "An analytical model for inelastic cyclic response of eccentrically braced frame with vertical shear link (V-EBF)", Case Studies Struct. Eng. 6: 31-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csse.2016.05.002
  11. Ghadami, A., Pourmoosavi, G., Talatahari, S. and Farahmand F. (2021a), "Overstrength factor of short low-yield-point steel shear links", Thin-Walled Structures, 161, 107473, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2021.107473.
  12. Ghadami, A., Pourmoosavi, G. and Ghamari, A. (2021b), "Seismic design of elements outside of the short low-yield-point steel shear links", J. Constr. Steel Res, 178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106489.
  13. Ghamari, A., Haeri, H., Khaloo, A. and Zhu, Z. (2019), "Improving the hysteretic behavior of Concentrically Braced Frame (CBF) by a proposed shear damper", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 30(4), 383-392. https://doi.org/10.12989/SCS.2019.30.4.383.
  14. Ji, X., Wang, Y., Ma, Q. and Okazaki. T., (2016), "Cyclic behavior of very short steel shear links", J. Struct Eng., 142(2), 04015114. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001375.
  15. Hjelmstad, K.D. and Popov, E.P. (1983), "Seismic behavior of active beam link in eccentrically braced frames", Rep. No. UCB/EERC-83/15, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley.
  16. Lee, J. and Kim, J. (2015), "Seismic performance evaluation of moment frames with slit-friction hybrid dampers", Earthq. Struct., 9(6), 1193-1219. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.9.6.1193.
  17. Lee, J. and Kim, J. (2017), "Development of box-shaped steel slit dampers for seismic retrofit of building structures", J. Eng. Struct, 150(1), 934-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.07.082.
  18. Mahmoudi, M. and Abdi, M.G. (2012), "Evaluating response modification factors of TADAS frames", J. Constr. Steel Res, 71, 162-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.10.015.
  19. McDaniel, C., Uang, C. and Seible, F. (2003), "Cyclic testing of built-up steel shear links for the new bay bridge", J. Struct. Eng. ASCE, 129(6), 801-809. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:6(801).
  20. Mohsenian, V. and Nikkhoo, A. (2019), "Evaluation of performance and seismic parameters of eccentrically braced frames equipped with dual vertical links", Struct. Eng. Mech., 69(6), 591-605. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.69.6.591.
  21. Nunez, E., Torres R. and Herrera, R. (2017), "Seismic performance of moment connections in steel moment frames with HSS columns", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 25(3), 271-286. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.25.3.271.
  22. Prestandard, F.E.M.A. (2000), Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings (FEMA356). Washington, DC, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 7.
  23. Rai, D.C. Annam, P.K. and Pradhan, T. (2013), "Seismic testing of steel braced frames with aluminum shear yielding dampers", J. Eng. Struct, 46, 737-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.08.027.
  24. Sabelli, R., Mahin, S. and Chang C. (2003), "Seismic demands on steel braced frame buildings with buckling-restrained braces", J. Eng. Struct, 25(5), 655-666. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(02)00175-X.
  25. Shayanfar, M.A. Barkhordari, M.A. and Rezaeian, A.R. (2012), "Experimental study of cyclic behavior of composite vertical shear link in eccentrically braced frames", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 12(1), 13-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2011.12.1.013
  26. Tsai, K.C. (1993), "Design of steel triangular plate energy absorbers for seismic-resistant construction", Earthq. Spect., 9(3), 505-528. https://doi.org/10.1193%2F1.1585727. https://doi.org/10.1193%2F1.1585727
  27. Tremblay, R., Bolduc, P., Neville, R. and Devall, R. (2006), "Seismic testing and performance of buckling-restrained bracing systems", Canadian J. Civil Eng., 33, 183-198. https://doi.org/10.1139/l05-103.
  28. Vetr, M.G. Ghamari, A. and Bouwkamp, J. (2017), "Investigating the nonlinear behavior of eccentrically braced frame with vertical shear links (V-EBF)", J. Build. Eng., 10 ,47-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.02.002.
  29. Vetr, M.G. and Ghamari, A. (2019), "Experimentally and analytically study on eccentrically braced frame with vertical shear links", Struct. Des. Tall Special Build, 28(5), e1587. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1587.
  30. Xia, C. and Hanson, R.D. (1992), "Influence of ADAS element parameters on building seismic response", J. Struct. Eng., 118(7), 1903-1918. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:7(1903).
  31. Abdollahzadeh, G., Banihashemi, M., Elkaee, S. and Esmaeelnia, A.M. (2013), "Response modification factor of dual moment-resistant frame with buckling restrained brace (BRB)", Steel Compos. Struct., 14(6), 621-636. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2013.14.6.621.
  32. Zhao, B., Lu, B., Zeng, X. and Gu, Q. (2021), "Experimental and numerical study of hysteretic performance of new brace type damper", J. Construct. Steel Res., 183, 106717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106717.