Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Food Web Models in Aquatic Ecosystems: Review

수생태계 먹이망 모델 고찰

  • 박영석 (경희대학교 생물학과) ;
  • 구경아 (한국환경연구원 자연환경연구실)
  • Received : 2022.12.13
  • Accepted : 2022.12.21
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

Interactions between species in a community are very complex, and they are visualized and analyzed through a food web in simple way. Food web is a network of species connected by trophic links showing energy flow from prey to predator. Various models were developed to characterize the food web in ecosystems. In this study, we classified food web models to static models such as Ecopath and dynamic models such as AQUATOX. We presented characteristics of several different types of food web models in each category, and reviewed their applications used in aquatic ecosystems. Finally, we presented issues to be considered to develop food web models.

먹이망은 군집의 종구성과 종간 관계를 나타내줄 뿐만 아니라 먹이망을 구성하는 요소를 정량화하여 구조를 분석하고 이해하는 데 유용하다. 먹이망에 관한 연구는 군집의 영양 패턴, 피식자와 포식자 사이의 개체군 동태, 생태계 안정성, 생태계 내 물질/에너지 흐름 등의 이해에 도움을 준다. 먹이망 모델은 생태계 군집의 종간 관계 복잡성을 이상적으로 표현해 주며 자연 생태계에서 관찰된 유형에 대한 정보를 제공해주므로, 먹이망 모델은 대상 군집의 특성과 동태를 연구하는 도구로 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내외에서 사용되는 주요 먹이망 모델을 정적 모델과 동적 모델의 유형으로 구분하여 주요 모델의 특성과 적용 사례를 고찰하였다. 정적 모델로 Ecopath 모델이 많이 사용되고 있고 이는 동적 모델인 Ecosim과 연계되어 Ecopath with Ecosim으로 통합되어 사용되고 있다. 또한 동적 모델로 독성물질 특성 등의 영향을 분석하고자 하는 경우 AQUATOX 모델이 많이 사용되고 있다. 효율적인 먹이망 모델을 구축하기 위해서는 대상 생태계의 생물 요소들 사이의 섭식선호성 관계가 충분히 파악되어야 하고 또한 주요 환경인자들이 이들 생물에 미치는 영향에 대한 기초자료 수집이 필요하다. 효율적인 생태계 관리를 위해서는 환경변수만을 고려하는 관리가 아닌 환경과 생물 특성과 관계, 그리고 먹이망을 같이 고려하는 생태계 수준의 연구가 요구된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2022년도 해양수산부 재원으로 해양수산과학기술진흥원의 지원을 받아 수행된 "해양 기후변화에 대한 동해 심해생태계 반응 연구 (20220533)"와 한국환경연구원에서 수행 중인 "생물다양성 보전을 통한 생태계 탄소흡수원 확대 방안(GP2022-16)" 연구, 환경부의 재원으로 한국환경산업기술원 수생태계 건강성 확보 기술개발사업(과제번호: 2020003050003), 한국연구재단의 지원 (NRF-2019R1A2C1087099)을 받아 수행 되었음.

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