Structural Monitoring and Maintenance

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Full-scale bridge expansion joint monitoring using a real-time wireless network

  • Pierredens Fils (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut) ;
  • Shinae Jang (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut) ;
  • Daisy Ren (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut) ;
  • Jiachen Wang (Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut) ;
  • Song Han (Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut) ;
  • Ramesh Malla (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut)
  • Received : 2022.11.22
  • Accepted : 2022.12.06
  • Published : 2022.12.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Bridges are critical to the civil engineering infrastructure network as they facilitate movement of people, the transportation of goods and services. Given the aging of bridge infrastructure, federal officials mandate visual inspections biennially to identify necessary repair actions which are time, cost, and labor-intensive. Additionally, the expansion joints of bridges are rarely monitored due to cost. However, expansion joints are critical as they absorb movement from thermal effects, loadings strains, impact, abutment settlement, and vehicle motion movement. Thus, the need to monitor bridge expansion joints efficiently, at a low cost, and wirelessly is desired. This paper addresses bridge joint monitoring needs to develop a cost-effective, real-time wireless system that can be validated in a full-scale bridge structure. To this end, a wireless expansion joint monitoring was developed using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) sensors. An in-service bridge was selected as a testbed to validate the performance of the developed system compared with traditional displacement sensor, LVDT, temperature and humidity sensors. The short-term monitoring campaign with the wireless sensor system with the internet protocol version 6 over the time slotted channel hopping mode of IEEE 802.15.4e (6TiSCH) network showed reliable results, providing high potential of the developed system for effective joint monitoring at a low cost.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was in part funded by the Region 1 (New England) University Transportation Center (UTC) -Transportation Infrastructure Durability Center (TIDC) under grant 69A3551847101 from the U.S. Department of Transportation's University Transportation Centers program. Additional support was provided by a fellowship from the Department of Education, Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) program, Grant # P200A180064 awarded to the University of Connecticut, and by the University of Connecticut IDEA Grant program. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the Connecticut Department of Transportation (Contacts: Mr. Andrew Cardinali and Mr. Bao Chuong) for generously making the testbed bed bridge available for this study.

References

  1. AASHTO 2nd, L.R.F.D. (1998), Bridge design specifications. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC.
  2. Benson, K. (1986), "Bridge deck expansion joint evaluation", Report No. FHWA/AR-86/006, Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department, Little Rock, AR.
  3. Breivold, H.P. and Sandstrom, K. (2015), "Internet of things for industrial automation--challenges and technical solutions", Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Data Intensive Systems.
  4. Casas, J.R. and Cruz, P.J. (2003), "Fiber optic sensors for bridge monitoring", J. bridge Eng., 8(6), 362-373. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2003)8:6(362).
  5. Chang, L.M. and Lee, Y.J. (2002), "Evaluation of performance of bridge deck expansion joints", J. Perform. Constr. Fac., 16(1), 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2002)16:1(3).
  6. Cho, S., Jo, H., Jang, S., Park, J., Jung, H.J., Yun, C.B., Spencer, B.F., Jr. and Seo, J.W. (2010), "Structural health monitoring of a cable-stayed bridge using smart sensor technology: Data analysis", Smart Struct. Syst., 6(5), 461-480. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5.461
  7. Da Xu, L., He, W. and Li, S. (2014), "Internet of things in industries: A survey", IEEE T. Ind. Inform., 10(4), 2233-2243. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2014.2300753.
  8. Dahir, S.H. and Mellott, D.B. (1985), "Bridge deck expansion joints", Report No. FHWA/PA-85-023, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Harrisburg, PA.
  9. Deljouyi, A. and Ramsin, R. (2022), MDD4REST: Model-Driven Methodology for Developing RESTful Web Services. In MODELSWARD. https://doi.org/10.5220/0011006300003119.
  10. Dujovne, D., Watteyne, T., Vilajosana, X. and Thubert, P. (2014), "6TiSCH: deterministic IP-enabled industrial internet (of things)", IEEE Communications Magazine, 52(12), 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2014.6979984
  11. Frederick, G.A. (1984), "Development of water tight bridge deck joint seals", Report No. 84-7, New York State Department of Transportation, Albany, NY.
  12. Hamilton, C.D. (1985). "Bridge deck expansion joints final report", Report No. FHWA-ME-TP- 84-04. Maine Department of Transportation, Augusta, ME.
  13. Hedegaard, B.D., French, C.E. and Shield, C.K. (2017), "Long-term monitoring strategy for time-dependent deflections of posttensioned concrete bridges", J. Bridg. Eng., 22, 04017095. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001139.
  14. Jang, S., Dahal, S. and Li, J. (2013), "Rapid full-scale expansion joint monitoring using wireless hybrid sensor", Smart Struct. Syst., 12(3-4) 415-426. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2013.12.3_4.415.
  15. Jang, S., Jo, H., Cho, S., Mechitov, K., Rice, J.A., Sim, S.H., Jung, H.J., Yun, C.B., Spencer, B.F., Jr. and Agha, G. (2010), "Structural health monitoring of a cable-stayed bridge using smart sensor technology: Deployment and evaluation", Smart Struct. Syst., 6(5), 439-460. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5.439.
  16. Lima, J.M. and de Brito, J. (2009), "Inspection survey of 150 expansion joints in road bridges", Eng. Struct., 31(5), 1077-1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.01.011
  17. Malla, R., Shaw, M., Shrestha, M. and Boob, S. (2006), "Sealing small movement bridge expansion joints", NETCR-58, Final NETC 02-6 Project Report, New England Transportation Consortium, Fall River, MA.
  18. Ni, Y.Q., Hua, X.G., Wong, K.Y. and Ko, J.M. (2007), "Assessment of bridge expansion joints using long-term displacement and temperature measurement", J. Perform. Constr. Fac., 21(2), 143-151. https://doi.org/10.1061/ASCE0887-3828200721:2143
  19. Phares, B.M. (2005), Health monitoring of bridge structures and components using smart structure technology (Vol. 2). Wisconsin Highway Research Program.
  20. Piezotronics, P.C.B. (2010), https://www.pcb.com/
  21. Price, A.R. (1984), "The performance in service of bridge deck expansion joints", TRRL Report LR 1104, Transportation and Road Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, U.K., 4-10.
  22. Ratasuk, R., Vejlgaard, B., Mangalvedhe, N. and Ghosh, A. (2016), "NB-IoT system for M2M communication", Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNC.2016.7564708.
  23. Rice, J.A., Mechitov, K., Sim, S.H., Nagayama, T., Jang, S., Kim, R., Spencer, B.F., Jr., Agha, G. and Fujino, Y. (2010), "Flexible smart sensor framework for autonomous structural health monitoring", Smart Struct. Syst., 6(5), 423-438. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5.423.
  24. Sisinni, E., Saifullah, A., Han, S., Jennehag, U. and Gidlund, M. (2018), "Industrial internet of things: Challenges, opportunities, and directions", IEEE T. Ind. Inform., 14(11), 4724-4734. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2018.2852491.
  25. VibPilot (2010), m+p international, www.mpihome.com
  26. Voigt, G.F. and Yrjanson, W.A. (1992), "Concrete joint sealant performance evaluation", Final Report, Utah Department of Transportation, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  27. Wang, J., Zhang, T., Han, S. and Hu, X.S. (2021), "Demo Abstract: A Full-Blown 6TiSCH Network with Partition-based Resource Management for Large-Scale Real-Time Wireless Applications", Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 27th Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS).
  28. Wang, J., Zhang, T., Shen, D., Hu, X.S. and Han, S. (2021), "Apas: An adaptive partition-based scheduling framework for 6tisch networks", Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 27th Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS).
  29. Watteyne, T., Mehta, A. and Pister, K. (2009), "Reliability through frequency diversity: why channel hopping makes sense", Proceedings of the 6th ACM symposium on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks.
  30. Wixted, A.J., Kinnaird, P., Larijani, H., Tait, A., Ahmadinia, A. and Strachan, N. (2016), "Evaluation of LoRa and LoRaWAN for wireless sensor networks", Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE SENSORS.
  31. Xia, Q., Zhang, J., Tian, Y. and Zhang, Y. (2017), "Experimental study of thermal effects on a long-span suspension bridge", J. Bridge Eng., 22(7), 04017034. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001083.