KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Feed Value of the Different Plant Parts of Main Forage Rice Varieties

사료용 벼 주요 품종의 수확부위 별 사료가치

  • Ahn, Eok-Keun (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Won, Yong-Jae (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kang, Kyung-Ho (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Hyang-Mi (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jung, Kuk-Hyun (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hyun, Ung-Jo (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Yoon-Sung (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 안억근 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 원용재 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 강경호 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 박향미 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 정국현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 현웅조 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 이윤승 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과)
  • Received : 2021.11.22
  • Accepted : 2022.01.20
  • Published : 2022.03.01
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Abstract

In order to manufacture feed suitable for consumer use and provide feed value information, we analyzed the feed components of the four main forage rice varieties by plant parts harvested 30 days after heading. The contents of the six feed ingredients were significantly different (p<0.05) among harvested parts. In the panicle, the crude protein (CP) (6.97%) and lignin (3.11%) were the highest, while the crude ash (CA) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents were significantly lower, resulting in a total digestible nutrient (TDN) content of 77.29%, which is higher than that of the stem (64.82%) and leaf blade and sheath (LBS) (63.57%) (p<0.05). In contrast, the content of crude fat (CF) did not differ significantly among parts (p<0.05). In panicles from 'Jonong', 'Nokyang' and 'Yeongwoo', the TDN content of each cultivar was 78.48-79.07%, with no significant difference among the varieties. In 'Mogwoo' (Mw), the CP content was 8.70%, which was much higher than that of other varieties (p<0.05). In particular, the Mw TDN content was slightly lower in the panicle (72.95%) but higher in the stem (75.37%) and LBS (66.49%) than in the other varieties. The CA, NDF, acid detergent fiber (ADF), and lignin contents were also very low compared to other varieties; therefore, the feed value of the stem and LBS was excellent. In addition, the total dry matter weight (DMW) was 123 g per hill, which was much higher than 82-105 g per hill for other varieties. The distribution of DMW by part was LBS (56.9 g), stem (36.8 g), and panicle (29.3 g), and because the parts, except the panicles, were much higher than the 43-57% of other varieties (grain straw ratio: 76%), rice straw is advantageous in terms of quantity and feed value when used as forage on farms. The relative feed value (RFV) of the four cultivars ranged from 86.79-403.74 across all parts, and hay of grade 3 or higher with an RFV of 100 or more increased with delayed heading in both stems and LBS. This is due to the accumulation of starch into grains during ripening, which supports the observation that the RFV of the early flowering 'Jonong' and 'Nokyang' panicles increased.

사료용 벼 주요품종의 최적수확 시기인 출수 후 30일에 수확한 부위 별 사료성분을 분석 후 사료가치 정보를 제공함으로써 수요자 용도에 맞는 사료 제조에 활용하고자 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수원 벼 시험 포장에서 숙기별 대표 사료용 벼 4품종으로 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조단백질, 조회분 등 6개 사료성분 함량은 수확 부위별로 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 식물체 부위 중 이삭은 조단백질(6.97%), 리그닌(3.11%)은 유의하게 가장 높았던 반면 조회분, NDF 함량이 유의하게 낮아서 결과적으로 TDN 함량이 77.29%로 줄기(64.82%), 엽신+엽초(63.57%)보다 사료가치가 월등히 우수하였다(p<0.05). 반면 조지방 함량은 부위별로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 이삭에서 품종별 TDN 함량은 '조농', '녹양', '영우'의 경우 78.48~79.07%로 품종 간 유의한 차이가 없었고 '목우'의 경우 조단백질 함량이 8.70%로 타 품종의 6.24~6.64%에 비해 월등히 높았다(p<0.05). 이러한 사료성분 함량 분석은 육용우, 돼지, 닭 등의 영양가와 사료 설계 시 유용하게 활용 될 수 있다. 2. 줄기와 잎의 사료가치가 우수한 품종은 '목우'였다. '목우'의 경우 TDN 함량은 이삭에서 72.95%로 다소 낮았으나 줄기, 엽신+엽초에서는 각각 75.37%, 66.49%로 타품종에 비해 월등히 높았으며 조회분, NDF, ADF, 리그닌의 함량도 타 품종에 비해 매우 낮아 줄기와 잎의 사료가치가 우수하였다. '목우'의 총건물중은 주당 123 g으로 타 품종의 82~105 g/주 보다 월등히 높았으며, 부위별 1주 건물중 분포는 엽신+엽초(56.9 g)>줄기(36.8 g)>이삭(29.3 g)으로 이삭을 제외한 경엽 부위가 타 품종의 43~57%보다 월등히 많아(조고비율: 76%) 농가에서 조사료로 볏짚 이용 시 수량이나 사료가치 면에서 유리하다고 할 수 있다. 3. 부위별로 상대적사료가치(RFV)는 86.79~403.74까지의 범위를 보이고 있으며 RFV가 100이상인 3등급 이상의 건초는 줄기와 잎 모두에서 출수가 늦어질수록 증가하였고 이는 등숙이 진행됨에 따라 알곡으로의 전분질 축적에 기인한 것으로 판단되고 이는 '조농'과 '녹양' 이삭의 RFV가 출수가 빨라질수록 높아진 사실이 뒷받침 해준다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 연구사업(연구개발과제명 : Saltol 유전자좌 기반 용도다양화 벼 품종개발, 과제번호 : PJ016752)의 지원으로 수행된 결과입니다.

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