Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optimization of Sky-Bridge location at coupled high-rise buildings considering seismic vulnerability functions

  • Received : 2021.08.26
  • Accepted : 2022.03.23
  • Published : 2022.05.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Sky-bridges between adjacent buildings can enhance lateral stiffness and limit the impact of lateral forces. This study analysed the structural capabilities and dynamic performances of sky-bridge-coupled buildings under various sets of ground motions. Finite Element (FE) analyses were carried out with the link being iteratively repositioned along the full height of the structures. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and probabilistic damage distribution were also applied. The results indicated that the establishment of sky-bridges caused a slight change in the natural frequency and mode shapes. The sky-bridge system was shown to be efficient in controlling displacement and Inter-Storey Drift Ratio (%ISDR) and reducing the probability of damage in the higher floors. The most efficient location of the sky-bridge, for improving its rigidity, was found to be at 88% of the building height. Finally, the effects of two types of materials (steel and concrete) and end conditions (hinged and fixed) were studied. The outcomes showed that coupled buildings with a sky-bridge made of steel with hinged connection could withstand ground motions longer than those made of concrete with fixed connection.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was funded under the Research University Individual (RUI) Grant Scheme (8014080).

References

  1. Abbood, I.S., Mahmod, M., Hanoon, A.N., Jaafar, M.S. and Mussa, M.H. (2018), "Seismic response analysis of linked twin tall buildings with structural coupling", Int. J. Civil Eng. Technol., 9, 208-219.
  2. Abedi-Nik, F. and Khoshnoudian, F. (2014), "Evaluation of ground motion scaling methods in soil-structure interaction analysis", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 23(1), 54-66. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1021.
  3. ACI Committee 318 (2014), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 519.
  4. AISC (2016), Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, American Institute of Steel Construction ANSI/AISC 360-16, Chicago, Illinois.
  5. Ay, B.O. and Akkar, S. (2014), "Evaluation of a recently proposed record selection and scaling procedure for low-rise to mid-rise reinforced concrete buildings and its use for probabilistic risk assessment studies", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 43(6), 889-908. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2378
  6. Beiraghi, H. (2017), "Earthquake effects on the energy demand of tall reinforced concrete walls with buckling-restrained brace outriggers", Struct. Eng. Mech., 63(4), 521-536. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.63.4.521.
  7. Brunesi, E., Nascimbene, R. and Casagrande, L. (2016), "Seismic analysis of high-rise mega-braced frame-core buildings", Eng. Struct., 115, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.02.019.
  8. Christenson, R.E. and Spencer, B.F. (2001), "Semiactive control of civil structures for natural hazard mitigation: Analytical and experimental studies", Doctoral Dissertation, Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame.
  9. COSMOS Virtual Data Center (2014), Consortium of Organizations for Strong Motion Observation Systems.
  10. De Stefano, M. and Pintucchi, B. (2008), "A review of research on seismic behaviour of irregular building structures since 2002", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 6(2), 285-308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-007-9052-3.
  11. Faghihmaleki, H., Roosta, H., Aini, A.H. and Najafi, E.K. (2016), "Using fragility curves for the evaluation of seismic improvement of steel moment frames", Afyon Kocatepe universitesi Fen Ve Muhendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(2), 323-337. https://doi.org/10.5578/fmbd.26470.
  12. Gurley, K., Kareem, A., Bergman, L.A., Johnson, E.A. and Klein, R.E. (1994), "Coupling tall buildings for control of response to wind", Struct. Saf. Reliab., 1994, 1553.
  13. Haramoto, H., Seto, K. and Koike, Y. (2000), "Active vibration control of triple flexible structures arranged in parallel", Int. J. Ser. C Mech. Syst. Mach. Elem. Manuf., 43(3), 712-718. https://doi.org/10.1299/jsmec.43.712.
  14. Hokmabadi, A.S., Fatahi, B. and Samali, B. (2014), "Assessment of soil-pile-structure interaction influencing seismic response of mid-rise buildings sitting on floating pile foundations", Comput. Geotech., 55, 172-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2013.08.011.
  15. Ibrahim, Y.E. and El-Shami, M.M. (2011), "Seismic fragility curves for mid-rise reinforced concrete frames in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", IES J. Part A: Civil Struct. Eng., 4(4), 213-223. https://doi.org/10.1080/19373260.2011.609325.
  16. Kamagata, K., Miyajima, K. and Seto, K. (1996), "Optimal design of damping devices for vibration control of parallel structures", Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Motion and Vibration Control (MOVIC), 2, 334-339, September.
  17. Karimi-Moridani, K., Zarfam, P. and Ghafory-Ashtiany, M. (2017), "Seismic failure probability of a curved bridge based on analytical and neural network approaches", Shock Vib., 2017, Article ID 2408234. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2408234.
  18. Kassem, M.M., Nazri, F.M. and Farsangi, E.N. (2020), "On the quantification of collapse margin of a retrofitted university building in Beirut using a probabilistic approach", Eng. Sci. Technol. Int. J., 23(2), 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2019.05.003.
  19. Kassem, M.M., Nazri, F.M., Wei, L.J., Tan, C.G., Shahidan, S. and Zuki, S.S.M. (2019), "Seismic fragility assessment for momentresisting concrete frame with setback under repeated earthquakes", Asian J. Civil Eng., 20(3), 465-477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-019-00119-z.
  20. Klein, R.E., RE, K. and JJ, S. (1972), "Investigation of a method to stabilize wind induced oscillations in large structures".
  21. Lallemant, D. and Kiremidjian, A. (2015), "A beta distribution model for characterizing earthquake damage state distribution", Earthq. Spectra, 31(3), 1337-1352. https://doi.org/10.1193/012413EQS013M.
  22. Lallemant, D. and Kiremidjian, A. (2015), "A beta distribution model for characterizing earthquake damage state distribution", Earthq. Spectra, 31(3), 1337-1352. https://doi.org/10.1193/012413EQS013M.
  23. Lee, D.G., Kim, H.S. and Ko, H. (2012), "Evaluation of coupling-control effect of a sky-bridge for adjacent tall buildings", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 21(5), 311-328. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.592.
  24. Li, Y.W., Yam, M.C. and Cao, K. (2020), "Seismic collapse risk of RC frames with irregular distributed masonry infills", Struct. Eng. Mech., 76(3), 421-433. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.76.3.421.
  25. Lim, J. (2008), "Structural coupling and wind-induced response of twin tall buildings with a skybridge", Colorado State University.
  26. Lu, W. and Lu, X. (2000), "Seismic model test and analysis of multi-tower high-rise buildings", Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Tall Buildings, 281, 1-8.
  27. Mahmoud, S. (2019), "Horizontally connected high-rise buildings under earthquake loadings", Ain Shams Eng. J., 10(1), 227-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2018.12.007.
  28. Manafpour, A.R. and Moghaddam, P.K. (2014), "Probabilistic approach to performance-based seismic design of RC frames", Second International Conference on Vulnerability, Uncertainty, and Risk: Quantification Mitigation, and, Management, Liverpool, UK, July.
  29. Manohar, S. and Madhekar, S. (2015), "Planning for aseismic buildings", Seismic Design of RC Buildings, Springer, New Delhi.
  30. Matsumoto, Y. (1998), "Vibration control for multiple building structures connected with active bridges", Proceedings of the Second World Conference on Structural Control, 1, 329-337, John Wiley & Sons.
  31. McCall, A.J.T. (2013), "Structural analysis and optimization of skyscrapers connected with skybridges and atria", Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University.
  32. Muntasir Billah, A.H.M. and Shahria Alam, M. (2015), "Seismic fragility assessment of highway bridges: A state-of-the-art review", Struct. Infrastr. Eng., 11(6), 804-832. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2014.912243.
  33. Nazri, F.M., Miari, M.A., Kassem, M.M., Tan, C.G. and Farsangi, E.N. (2019), "Probabilistic evaluation of structural pounding between adjacent buildings subjected to repeated seismic excitations", Arab J. Sci. Eng., 44(5), 4931-4945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3666-4
  34. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) (2011), PEER Ground Motion Database.
  35. Patil, A.S. and Kumbhar, P.D. (2013), "Time history analysis of multistoried RCC buildings for different seismic intensities", Int. J. Struct. Civil Eng. Res., 2(3), 194-201.
  36. Sandoval, M.R., Ugarte, L.B. and Spencer, B.F. (2012), "September. Study of structural control in coupled buildings", Proceeding of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal.
  37. Shin, J., Kim, J. and Lee, K. (2014). "Seismic assessment of damaged piloti-type RC building subjected to successive earthquakes", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 43(11), 1603-1619. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2412.
  38. Song, J. and Tse, K.T. (2014), "Dynamic characteristics of wind-excited linked twin buildings based on a 3-dimensional analytical model", Eng. Struct., 79, 169-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.08.015.
  39. Sugino, S., Sakai, D., Kundu, S. and Seto, K. (1999), "Vibration control of parallel structures connected with passive devices designed by GA", Proceedings of the 2nd World Conference on Structural Control, 1, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.
  40. UBC (1997), International Conference of Building Officials.
  41. Wu, Q.Y., Zhu, H.P. and Fan, J. (2012), "Structural vulnerability analysis based on beta distribution", Adv. Mater. Res., 368, 765-770. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.368-373.765.
  42. Xue, Q., Wu, C.W., Chen, C.C. and Chen, K.C. (2008), "The draft code for performance-based seismic design of buildings in Taiwan", Eng. Struct., 30(6), 1535-1547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.10.002.
  43. Yamin, L.E., Hurtado, A., Rincon, R., Dorado, J.F. and Reyes, J.C. (2017), "Probabilistic seismic vulnerability assessment of buildings in terms of economic losses", Eng. Struct., 138, 308-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.013.
  44. Yazdani, Y. and Alembagheri, M. (2017), "Seismic vulnerability of gravity dams in near-fault areas", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 102, 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.08.020.
  45. Zhu, H., Wen, Y. and Iemura, H. (2001), "A study on interaction control for seismic response of parallel structures", Comput. Struct., 79(2), 231-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(00)00119-X.