Abstract
From simple theories to concrete elements of practice, this study aims to explore the different characteristics of phenomenological architecture in staircase designs. In architecture, stairs are symbolic, empirical architectural components on top of being functionally used as a vertical mobility device. Architects attempting phenomenological architecture exhibit different architectural elements for each line with the assumption that each aspect reflects the differences in stair composition. Peter Zumthor and Steven Holl were selected as representative architects with different phenomenological approaches to identify its characteristics and to compare their art museums' stair designs separately and collectively. Peter Zumthor tried to secure independent stairwell space through emphasizing direction and the presence of stairs mainly by using straight stairs. His stairs were separated from the walls, and the steps were treated strictly and simply with gray and black achromatic colors. Steven Holl's stair design is based on a part of continuous flow path. His stairs were connected to surrounding spaces such as the atrium, lobby, corridors, and ramps that were used to show movement. Peter Zumthor represents the ontological line of phenomenological architecture evident in his stair design that integrates step independence and independent presence with a tectonic emphasis. Steven Holl is part of the line that highlights the experience of phenomenological architecture; his stair design emphasizes the spatial experience of multiple views with continuous movement.
