Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio on growth performance, blood indexes, tissue fatty acid composition and the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signaling related genes in finishing pigs

  • Chen, Jing (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Cui, Hongze (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Liu, Xianjun (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Li, Jiantao (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Zheng, Jiaxing (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Li, Xin (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Wang, Liyan (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University)
  • Received : 2021.06.18
  • Accepted : 2021.09.28
  • Published : 2022.05.01
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Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the effects of dietary n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio on growth performance, blood indexes, tissue fatty acid composition and the gene expression in finishing pigs. Methods: Seventy-two crossbred ([Duroc×Landrace]×Yorkshire) barrows (68.5±1.8 kg) were fed one of four isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, and 8:1. Results: Average daily gain, average daily feed intake and gain-to-feed ratio had quadratic responses but the measurements were increased and then decreased (quadratic, p<0.05). The concentrations of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and interleukin 6 were linearly increased (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio, while that of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol tended to decrease (p = 0.062), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol:low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and leptin concentration were linearly decreased (p<0.05). The concentration of serum adiponectin had a quadratic response but the measurement was decreased and then increased (quadratic, p<0.05). The proportion of C18:3n-3 was linearly decreased (p<0.05) in the longissimus thoracis (LT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) as dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio increasing, while the proportion of C18:2n-6 and n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio were linearly increased (p<0.05). In addition, the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and lipoprotein lipase in the LT and SCAT, and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in the SCAT had quadratic responses but the measurements were increased and then decreased (quadratic, p<0.05). The expression of HSL in the LT was linearly decreased (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio. Conclusion: Dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio could regulate lipid and fatty acid metabolism in blood and tissue. Reducing dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (3:1) could appropriately suppress expression of related genes in PPARγ signaling, and result in improved growth performance and n-3 PUFA deposition in muscle and adipose tissue in finishing pigs.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Key Research Program of Liaoning Province of China (2019JH1/10200002, 2020JH1/10200003), and the Mission Program of Liaoning Province of China (2020JH5/10400125), and Shenyang Science and Technology Project of China (21-110-3-07).

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