The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Lichen Substances against Plant Pathogens

  • Paguirigan, Jaycee A. (Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Liu, Rundong (Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Im, Seong Mi (Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Hur, Jae-Seoun (Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Wonyong (Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University)
  • Received : 2021.12.08
  • Accepted : 2022.01.04
  • Published : 2022.02.01
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Abstract

Plant pathogens pose major threats on agriculture and horticulture, causing significant economic loss worldwide. Due to the continuous and excessive use of synthetic pesticides, emergence of pesticide resistant pathogens has become more frequent. Thus, there is a growing needs for environmentally-friendly and selective antimicrobial agents with a novel mode of action, which may be used in combination with conventional pesticides to delay development of pesticide resistance. In this study, we evaluated the potentials of lichen substances as novel biopesticides against eight bacterial and twelve fungal plant pathogens that have historically caused significant phytopathological problems in South Korea. Eight lichen substances of diverse chemical origins were extracted from axenic culture or dried specimen, and further purified for comparative analysis of their antimicrobial properties. Usnic acid and vulpinic acid exhibited strong antibacterial activities against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. In addition, usnic acid and vulpinic acid were highly effective in the growth inhibition of fungal pathogens, such as Diaporthe eres, D. actinidiae, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Intriguingly, the growth of Rhizoctonia solani was specifically inhibited by lecanoric acid, indicating that lichen substances exhibit some degrees of selectivity to plant pathogens. These results suggested that lichen substance can be used as a selective biopesticide for controlling plant disease of agricultural and horticultural significance, minimizing possible emergence of pesticide resistant pathogens in fields.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Korea Research Fellowship Program funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning (2018H1D3A1A01074888) and by The Korean National Research Resource Center Program (2017M3A9B8069471), through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).

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