Acknowledgement
This work was supported in part by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.
References
- Grunwaldt L, Smith DM, Zuckerbraun NS, Naran S, Rottgers SA, Bykowski M, et al. Pediatric facial fractures: demographics, injury patterns, and associated injuries in 772 consecutive patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011;128:1263-71. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e318230c8cf
- Vyas RM, Dickinson BP, Wasson KL, Roostaeian J, Bradley JP. Pediatric facial fractures: current national incidence, distribution, and health care resource use. J Craniofac Surg 2008;19: 339-49. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31814fb5e3
- Murphy RX Jr, Birmingham KL, Okunski WJ, Wasser TE. Influence of restraining devices on patterns of pediatric facial trauma in motor vehicle collisions. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001; 107:34-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200101000-00006
- Potter GD. Sectional anatomy and tomography of the head. Oxford: Elsevier Science; 2013.
- Lang J. Skull base and related structures: atlas of clinical anatomy. Stuttgart: Schattauer; 2001.
- Cole P, Kaufman Y, Hollier LH Jr. Managing the pediatric facial fracture. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2009;2:77-83. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1202592
- Ranganathan K, Terjimanian M, Lisiecki J, Rinkinen J, Mukkamala A, Brownley C, et al. Temporalis muscle morphomics: the psoas of the craniofacial skeleton. J Surg Res 2014;186:246-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2013.07.059
- Kang WK, Han DG, Kim SE, Lee YJ, Shim JS. Bone remodeling after conservative treatment of nasal bone fracture in pediatric patients. Arch Craniofac Surg 2020;21:166-70. https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2020.00192
- Ju GS, Son KM, Choi WY, Cheon JS. Clinical usefulness of fixation of absorbable implants with cyanoacrylate in comminuted fractures of the maxilla. Arch Craniofac Surg 2019;20:233-8. https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2019.00325
- Yang JH, Chang SC, Shin JY, Roh SG, Lee NH. Use of resorbable mesh and fibrin glue for restoration in comminuted fracture of anterior maxillary wall. Arch Craniofac Surg 2018;19: 175-80. https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2018.01942
- Kim J, Yang HJ, Kim JH, Kim SJ. Reduction of the isolated anterior wall of the maxillary sinus fracture with double urinary balloon catheters and fibrin glue. Arch Craniofac Surg 2017; 18:238-42. https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2017.18.4.238
- Dadas B, Alkan S, Cifci M, Basak T. Treatment of tripod fracture of zygomatic bone by N-2-butyl cyanoacrylate glue fixation, and its effects on the tissues. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2007;264:539-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-006-0227-3
- Amarante MT, Constantinescu MA, O'Connor D, Yaremchuk MJ. Cyanoacrylate fixation of the craniofacial skeleton: an experimental study. Plast Reconstr Surg 1995;95:639-46. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199504000-00004
- Mermod M, Zweifel D, Hoarau R, Broome M. Isolated bilateral zygomatic arch fracture: an unusual pattern. J Craniofac Surg 2014;25:1111-2. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000000741
- Yu H, Jeon M, Kim Y, Choi Y. Epidemiology of violence in pediatric and adolescent nasal fracture compared with adult nasal fracture: an 8-year study. Arch Craniofac Surg 2019;20:228-32. https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2019.00346
- Chapman VM, Fenton LZ, Gao D, Strain JD. Facial fractures in children: unique patterns of injury observed by computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009;33:70-2. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0b013e318169bfdc