Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Introduction of Non-Native Ticks Collected from Fresh Migratory Bird Carcasses on a Stopover Island in the Republic of Korea

  • Choi, Chang-Yong (Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Heung-Chul (Force Health Protection & Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea/65th Medical Brigade) ;
  • Klein, Terry A. (Force Health Protection & Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea/65th Medical Brigade) ;
  • Nam, Hyun-Young (Bird Research Center, National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service) ;
  • Bing, Gi-Chang (Bird Research Center, National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service)
  • Received : 2021.07.15
  • Accepted : 2022.01.23
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

When free-ranging birds are accidentally killed or die, there may be greater potential for their associated ticks to detach, seek alternate hosts, and become established. We examined 711 carcasses of 95 avian species for ticks at a stopover island of migratory birds in the Republic of Korea where only Ixodes nipponensis and I. persulcatus were previously reported from local mammals and vegetation. A total of 16 ticks, I. turdus and Haemaphysalis flava, were collected from 8 fresh carcasses belonging to 5 avian species. Despite their known abundance on migratory birds and mainland Korea, these species had not colonized the isolated insular ecosystem possibly due to the low abundance and diversity of local hosts. The results imply that increasing human impact, such as the anthropogenic mortality of migratory birds and the introduction of non-native mammalian hosts, will increase the potential invasion and colonization risk of ticks. This finding also suggests that tick surveillance consisting of fresh carcasses of dead migratory birds may provide additional information, often ignored in surveillance of ticks on live birds, for the potential introduction of non-native ticks and associated pathogens affecting animal and human health.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank the members of the Bird Research Center (previously Migratory Birds Center), Korea National Park Service, who assisted with bird banding, bird counting, and carcass collecting activities in the study area. This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF 2018R1D1A1B07050135 awarded to CYC, 2019R1I1A1A01063760 awarded to HYN) grants funded by the Korean Government (Ministry of Education). This work was also supported, in part, by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance (AFHSD-GEIS), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA (ProMIS ID #P0131_20_ME_03). None of the authors of this paper has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper. Authors (HCK, TAK) as employees of the U.S. Government, conducted the work as part of their official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. § 105 provides that 'Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government' Title 17 U.S.C § 101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by an employee of the U.S. Government as part of the person's official duties. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the US Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the US Government.

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