Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association (한국터널지하공간학회 논문집)

Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association (한국터널지하공간학회)
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A study on the effect of gusty wind on smoke control performance in road tunnel

돌풍이 도로터널의 제연성능에 미치는 영향 연구

  • Baek, Doo-San (Dept. of Disaster Prevention System, Graduate School of Disaster Prevention, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Cho, Hyeon-Seok (Dept. of Division of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Kanwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Chul (Dept. of Division of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Kanwon National University)
  • 백두산 (강원대학교 방재전문대학원 방재시스템전공) ;
  • 조현석 (강원대학교 소방방재공학과) ;
  • 이승철 (강원대학교 소방방재공학전공)
  • Received : 2021.12.07
  • Accepted : 2021.12.30
  • Published : 2022.01.31
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Abstract

The increase in the use time of tunnel users due to the lengthening of the road tunnel may increase the evacuation time in case of fire, resulting in a large number of casualties. In order to reduce the casualties caused by fire, the "Road Tunnel Design Manual, Part 6 Tunnel" and "Road Tunnel Disaster Prevention Facility Installation and Management Guidelines" stipulate that ventilation facilities should be installed along with the extension of the tunnel. The ventilation system design factor considers the wind speed of the external natural wind to be at least 2.5 m/s, and it is applied upward according to the characteristics of the tunnel. As a result of analyzing the five-minute average wind speed data in the Daegwallyeong region for the past 6 years, it was analyzed that 15.8% of the windy days were winds of 10 m/s or more, and the maximum was 20 m/s. Therefore, in this study, when a fire occurs in a tunnel, the pattern of natural wind flowing into the tunnel and the backlayering distance of the tunnel fire smoke according to the maximum wind speed were analyzed. As a result, it was analyzed that a backflow of up to 490 m occurs when a gust of 20 m/s blows.

도로터널의 장대화에 따른 터널 이용객의 체류시간 증가는 화재 발생 시 피난시간이 증가하여 많은 인명피해가 발생할 수 있다. 화재에 따른 인명피해를 줄이기 위해 "도로터널설계 편람 제6편 터널"과 "도로터널 방재·환기시설 설치 및 관리지침"에서는 터널의 연장에 따른 제연설비를 설치하도록 규정하고 있다. 제연설비 설계 인자에는 외부자연풍의 풍속을 최소 2.5 m/s로 고려하도록 하고 있으며, 터널의 특성에 따라 상향하여 적용하도록 하고 있다. 그러나 터널 설계 시 외부자연풍의 풍속을 2.5 m/s로 일률적인 적용을 하고 있다. 최근 6년간 대관령 지역의 5분 평균풍속 자료를 분석한 결과 바람이 분 일 수 중 15.8%가 10 m/s 이상의 바람이 분 것으로 분석되었으며, 최대 20 m/s 까지 분 것으로 분석됐다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 터널 내 화재가 발생했을 때 터널로 유입되는 자연풍의 패턴과 최대풍속에 따른 터널 화재연기의 역류거리를 분석하였다. 그 결과 20 m/s의 돌풍이 분 경우 최대 490 m의 역류가 발생하는 것으로 분석됐다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2021년도 정부(교육부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 기초연구사업임(NRF-2019R1I1A3A01063548).

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