Current Optics and Photonics

Optical Society of Korea (한국광학회)
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50 cm of Zirconia, Bismuth and Silica Erbium-doped Fibers for Double-pass Amplification with a Broadband Mirror

  • Markom, Arni Munira (School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA) ;
  • Muhammad, Ahmad Razif (Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia) ;
  • Paul, Mukul Chandra (Fiber Optics and Photonics Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute) ;
  • Harun, Sulaiman Wadi (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya)
  • Received : 2021.07.16
  • Accepted : 2021.11.29
  • Published : 2022.02.25
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Abstract

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) have saturated the technological market but are still widely used in high-speed and long-distance communication systems. To overcome EDFA saturation and limitations, its erbium-doped fiber is co-doped with other materials such as zirconia and bismuth. This article demonstrates and compares the performance using three different fibers as the gain medium for zirconia-erbium-doped fibers (Zr-EDF), bismuth-erbium-doped fibers (Bi-EDF), and commercial silica-erbium-doped fibers (Si- EDF). The optical amplifier was configured with a double-pass amplification system, with a broadband mirror at the end of its configuration to allow double-pass operation in the system. The important parameters in amplifiers such as optical properties, optical amplification and noise values were also examined and discussed. All three fibers were 0.5 m long and entered with different input signals: 30 dBm for low input and 10 dBm for high input. Zr-EDF turned out to be the most relevant optical amplifier as it had the highest optical gain, longest transmission distance, highest average flatness gain with minimal jitter, and relevant noise figures suitable for the latest communication technology.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Arni Munira Markom and co-authors thank the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education for funding this research work.

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