Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제81권2호
  • /
  • Pages.243-258
  • /
  • 2022
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Investigation of the tensile behavior of joint filling under experimental test and numerical simulation

  • Fu, Jinwei (School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power) ;
  • Haeri, Hadi (School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power) ;
  • Sarfarazi, Vahab (Department of Mining Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology) ;
  • Marji, Mohammad Fatehi (Mine Exploitation Engineering Department, Faculty of Mining and Metallurgy, Institution of Engineering, Yazd University) ;
  • Guo, Mengdi (School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power)
  • 투고 : 2021.07.15
  • 심사 : 2021.11.11
  • 발행 : 2022.01.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

In this paper, tensile behavior of joint filling has been investigated under experimental test and numerical simulation (particle flow code). Two concrete slabs containing semi cylinder hole were prepared. These slabs were attached to each other by glue and one cubic specimen with dimension of 19 cm×15 cm×6 cm was prepared. This sample placed in the universal testing machine where the direct tensile stress can be applied to this specimen by implementing a special type of load transferring device which converts the applied compressive load to that of the tensile during the test. In the present work, two different joint filling thickness i.e., 3 mm and 6 mm were prepared and tested in the laboratory to measure their direct tensile strengths. Concurrent with experimental test, numerical simulation was performed to investigate the effect of hole diameter, length of edge notch, filling thickness and filling length on the tensile behavior of joint filling. Model dimension was 19 cm×15 cm. hole diameter was change in four different values of 2.5 cm, 5 cm, 7.5 cm and 10 cm. glue lengths were different based on the hole diameter, i.e., 12.5 cm for hole diameter of 2.5 cm, 10 cm for hole diameter of 5 cm, 7.5 cm for hole diameter of 7.5 cm and 5 cm for hole diameter of 10 cm. length of edge notch were changed in three different value i.e., 10%, 30% and 50% of glue length. Filling thickness were changed in three different value of 3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm. Tensile strengths of glue and concrete were 2.37 MPa and 6.4 MPa, respectively. The load was applied at a constant rate of 1 kg/s. Results shows that hole diameter, length of edge notch, filling thickness and filling length have important effect on the tensile behavior of joint filling. In fixed glue thinks and fixed joint length, the tensile strength was decreased by increasing the hole diameter. Comparing the results showed that the strength, failure mechanism and fracture patterns obtained numerically and experimentally were similar for both cases.

키워드

과제정보

This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51608117), Key Specialized Research and Development Breakthrough Program in Henan province (Grant No. 192102210051).

참고문헌

  1. Adiyaman, G., Yaylaci, M. and Birinci, A. (2015), "Analytical and finite element solution of a receding contact problem", Struct. Eng. Mech., 54(1), 69-85. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.54.1.069.
  2. Akbas, S. (2016), "Analytical solutions for static bending of edge cracked micro beams", Struct. Eng. Mech., 59(3), 66-78. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.59.3.066.
  3. Alhussainy, F., Hasan, H.A., Rogic, S., Sheikh, M.N. and Hadi, M.N. (2016), "Direct tensile testing of self-compacting concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 112, 903-906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.215.
  4. Bandis, S.C. (1993), "Engineering properties and characterization of rock discontinuities", Comprehens. Rock Eng., 1, 155-183.
  5. Chang, X. (2019), "Experimental study on rock-concrete joints under cyclically diametrical compression", Geomech. Eng., 17(6), 98-109. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.17.6.098.
  6. Cho, N., Martin, C.D. and Sego, D.C. (2007), "A clumped particle model for rock", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 44, 997-1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.02.002.
  7. Choubey, V. (1977), "The shear strength of rock joints in theory and practice", Rock Mech., 10, 1-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01261801.
  8. De Toledo, P.E.C. and De Freitas, M.H. (1993), "Laboratory testing and parameters controlling the shear strength of filled rock joints", Geotechnique, 43(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1993.43.1.1.
  9. De Toledo, P.E.C. and De Freitas, M.H. (1995), "The peak shear strength of filled joints", Proceedings of International Symposium on Fractured and Jointed Rock Masses, Balkema.
  10. Ghaffar, A., Chaudhry, M.A. and Ali, M.K. (2005), "A new approach for measurement of tensile strength of concrete", J. Res. (Sci.), 16(1), 1-9.
  11. Golewski, G. (2019a), "A new principles for implementation and operation of foundations for machines: A review of recent advances", Struct. Eng. Mech., 71(3), 317-327. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.71.3.317.
  12. Golewski, G. (2019b), "Physical characteristics of concrete, essential in design of fracture-resistant, dynamically loaded reinforced concrete structures", Mater. Des. Proc. Commun., 21(5), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/mdp2.82.
  13. Golewski, G. (2021a), "Validation of the favorable quantity of fly ash in concrete and analysis of crack propagation and its length-Using the crack tip tracking (CTT) method-In the fracture toughness examinations under Mode II, through digital image correlation", Constr. Build. Mater., 296, 122362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122362.
  14. Golewski, G. (2021b), "Evaluation of fracture processes under shear with the use of DIC technique in fly ash concrete and accurate measurement of crack paths lengths with the use of a new crack tip tracking method", Measurement, 181, 109632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109632.
  15. Itasca, C.G. (2002), Users' Manual for Particle Flow Code in 2 Dimensions (PFC2D), Version 3.1, Minneapolis Minnesota.
  16. Jong, Y.H. and Lee, C.I. (2006), "Suggested method for determining a complete set of micro-parameters quantitatively in PFC2D. Tunnel and underground space", J. Korean Soc. Rock Mech., 16, 334-346.
  17. Khan, M.I. (2012), "Direct tensile strength measurement of concrete", Appl. Mech. Mater., 117, 9-14, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.117-119.9.
  18. Kim, J. and Taha, M.R. (2014), "Experimental and numerical evaluation of direct tension test for cylindrical concrete specimens", Adv. Civil Eng., 2014, Article ID 156926. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/156926.
  19. Li, S., Wang, H., Li, Y., Li, Q., Zhang, B. and Zhu, H. (2016), "A new mini-grating absolute displacement measuring system for static and dynamic geomechanical model tests", Measurement, 82, 421-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2017.04.002.
  20. Li, Y. and Zhou, H. (2018), "Numerical investigations on stability evaluation of a jointed rock slope during excavation using an optimized DDARF method", Geomech. Eng., 14(3), 232-243. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2018.14.3.232.
  21. Liu, X. (2020), "Experimental and numerical study on pre-peak cyclic shear mechanism of artificial rock joints", Struct. Eng. Mech., 74(3), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.74.3.221.
  22. Mohammad, A. (2016), "Statistical flexural toughness modeling of ultra-high performance Concrete using response surface method", Comput. Concrete, 17(4), 33-39. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.17.4.033.
  23. Mohd Amin, M.F. and Kassim, A. (1999), "Mechanics of rock joint filled with weak, granular material", Civil and Environmental Enginnering Conference, New Frontiers and Challenges, Bangkok, Thailand.
  24. Mohd Amin, M.F., Mohammad, E.T., Kassim, A. and Ong, H.Y. (2007), "Classification of filled joint based on the characteristics of its constitutive components", Research Report Vot 71825, Research Management Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor.
  25. Pan, B., Gao, Y. and Zhong, Y. (2014), "Theoretical analysis of overlay resisting crack propagation in old cement concrete pavement", Struct. Eng. Mech., 52(4), 167-181. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2014.52.4.167.
  26. Papaliangas, T., Hencher, S.R., Lumsden, A.C. and Manolopoulou, S. (1993), "The effect of frictional fill thickness on the shear strength of rock discontinuities", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstrac., 30(2), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(93)90702-F.
  27. Pereira, J.P. (1990), "Mechanics of filled discontinuities", Proceedings of International Conference on Mechanics of Jointed and Faulted Rock, Vienna.
  28. Phien-wej, N., Shrestha, U.B. and Ching-Yuan, H. (1991), "Strength and displacements of model infilled rock joints", Proceedings Developments in Geotechnical Aspects of Embankments, Excavations and Buried Structures, Thailand.
  29. Potyondy, D.O. and Cundall, P.A. (2004), "A bonded-particle model for rock", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 41, 1329-1364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.09.011.
  30. Sarfarazi, V. and Haeri, H. (2016), "The effect of non-persistent joints on sliding direction of rock slopes", Comput. Concrete, 17(6), 121-137. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.17.6.121.
  31. Shaowei, H., Aiqing, X., Xin, H. and Yangyang, Y. (2016), "Study on fracture characteristics of reinforced concrete wedge splitting tests", Comput. Concrete, 18(3), 337-354. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.18.3.337.
  32. Shuraim, A.B., Aslam, F., Hussain, R. and Alhozaimy, A. (2016), "Analysis of punching shear in high strength RC panels-experiments, comparison with codes and FEM results", Comput. Concrete, 17(6), 739-760. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.17.6.739.
  33. Silva, R.V., De Brito, J. and Dhir, R.K. (2015), "Tensile strength behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 83, 108-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.03.034.
  34. Tran, K.Q., Satomi, T. and Takahashi, H. (2019), "Tensile behaviors of natural fiber and cement reinforced soil subjected to direct tensile test", J. Build. Eng., 24, 100748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100748.
  35. Uzun Yaylaci, E., Yaylaci, M., Olmez, H. and Birinci, A. (2020), "Artificial neural network calculations for a receding contact problem", Comput. Concrete, 25(6), 551-563. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.25.6.551.
  36. Wang, X., Yuan, W., Yan, Y.T. and Zhang, X. (2020), "Scale effect of mechanical properties of jointed rock mass: a numerical study based on particle flow code", Geomech. Eng., 21(3), 259-268. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.3.259.
  37. Wu, N. and Liang, Z. (2019), "Effect of confining stress on representative elementary volume of jointed rock masses", Geomech. Eng., 18(6), 22-37. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.18.6.022.
  38. Yaylac, M. (2016), "The investigation crack problem through numerical analysis", Struct. Eng. Mech., 57(6), 1143-1156. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.57.6.1143.
  39. Yaylaci M., Yayli M., Uzun Yaylaci E., Olmez, H. and Birinci A. (2021), "Analyzing the contact problem of a functionally graded layer resting on an elastic half plane with theory of elasticity, finite element method and multilayer perceptron", Struct. Eng. Mech., 78(5), 585-597. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.78.5.585.
  40. Yaylaci, M. and Birinci, A. (2013), "The receding contact problem of two elastic layers supported by two elastic quarter planes", Struct. Eng. Mech., 48(2), 241-255. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.48.2.241.
  41. Yaylaci, M. and Birinci, A. (2013), "The receding contact problem of two elastic layers supported by two elastic quarter planes", Struct. Eng. Mech., 48(2), 241-255. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.47.2.241.
  42. Yaylaci, M. and Birinci, A. (2015), "Analytical solution of a contact problem and comparison with the results from FEM", Struct. Eng. Mech., 54(4), 607-622. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.54.4.607.
  43. Yaylaci, M., Adiyaman, G., Oner, E. and Birinci, A. (2020), "Examination of analytical and finite element solutions regarding contact of a functionally graded layer", Struct. Eng. Mech., 76(3), 325-336. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.76.3.325.
  44. Yoon, J. (2007), "Application of experimental design and optimization to PFC model calibration in uniaxial compression simulation", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 44, 871-889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.01.004.
  45. Zhang, D., Hou, S., Bian, J. and He, L. (2016), "Investigation of the micro-cracking behavior of asphalt mixtures in the indirect tensile test", Eng. Fract. Mech., 163, 416-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2016.05.020.
  46. Zhao, W. and Huang, R. (2015), "Mechanical and fracture behavior of rock mass with parallel concentrated joints with different dip angle and number based on PFC simulation", Geomech. Eng., 8(6), 143-154. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2015.8.6.143.
  47. Zhou, X.P. and Wang, Y. (2016), "Numerical simulation of crack propagation and coalescence in pre-cracked rock-like Brazilian disks using the non-ordinary state-based peridynamics", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 89, 235-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2016.09.010.
  48. Zhou, X.P., Bi, J. and Qian, Q. (2015), "Numerical simulation of crack growth and coalescence in rock-like materials containing multiple pre-existing flaws", Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 48(3), 1097-1114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-014-0627-4.