Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회지)

The Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회)
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Exploring the Priority Area of Policy-based Forest Road Construction using Spatial Information

공간정보를 활용한 산림정책 기반 임도시공 우선지역 선정 연구

  • Sang-Wook, LEE (Dept. of Foresty, Enviroment, and Systems, Kookmin University) ;
  • Chul-Hee, LIM (College of General Education, Kookmin University)
  • 이상욱 (국민대학교 산림환경시스템학과) ;
  • 임철희 (국민대학교 교양대학)
  • Received : 2022.10.28
  • Accepted : 2022.11.28
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

In order to increase timber self-sufficiency, Korea's 6th Basic Forest Plan aims to increase the density of forest roads to 12.8 m ha-1 by 2037. However, due to rapid re-forestation, current management infrastructure is insufficient, with just 4.8 m ha-1 of forest roads in 2017. This is partly due to time and cost limitations on the process of forest road feasibility evaluation, which considers factors such as topography and forest conditions. To solve this problem, we propose an eco-friendly and efficient forest road network planning method using a geographic information system (GIS), which can evaluate a potential road site remotely based on spatial information. To facilitate such planning, this study identifies forest road construction priorities that can be evaluated using spatial information, such as topography, forest type and forest disasters. A method of predicting the optimal route to connect a forest road with existing roads is also derived. Overlapping analysis was performed using GIS-MCE (which combines GIS with multi-criteria evaluation), targeting the areas of Cheongsong-gun and Buk-gu, Pohang-si, which have a low forest-road density. Each factor affecting the suitability of a proposed new forest road site was assigned a cost, creating a cost surface that facilitates prioritization for each forest type. The forest path's optimal route was then derived using least-cost path analysis. The results of this process were 30 forestry site recommendations in Cheongsong-gun and one in Buk-gu, Pohang-si; this would increase forest road density for the managed forest sites in Cheongsong-gun from 1.58 m ha-1 to 2.55 m ha-1. This evaluation method can contribute to the policy of increasing timber self-sufficiency by providing clear guidelines for selecting forest road construction sites and predicting optimal connections to the existing road network.

제6차 산림기본계획에서는 목재자급률 제고를 위해 2037년까지 임도밀도를 12.8m ha-1까지 증가시키는 것을 목표로 설정하였으며, 지속적인 임도 증설 계획을 수립하였다. 그러나 우리나라는 급속도로 이루어진 산림복원에 비하여 임도 등의 경영관리기반시설은 미비한 실정이다(2017년 기준 4.8m ha-1). 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 공간정보를 기반으로 현장을 평가하는 효율적 임도설계 방안이 활용되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 산림정책 구현을 위하여 공간정보 기반의 임도시공 우선지역 선정 방법을 제시한다. 먼저, 지형, 임상, 산림재해 등을 고려한 임도시공 우선지역을 파악하였다. 또한, 기존의 도로 및 임도와 연결되는 최적의 임도 경로를 도출하였다. 임도밀도가 낮은 청송군과 포항시 북구를 대상으로 GIS와 다의사결정방법인 MCE를 접목시킨 GIS-MCE 기법을 사용하여 중첩 분석을 진행하였다. 효율적인 임도시공지역 설정을 위해 각 인자별 가중치(cost)를 부여하여 임도시공 적합지에 대한 비용표면(cost surface)을 작성하고 산림시업 우선도를 파악하여 최종적으로 최소비용경로 분석을 통한 임도시공경로를 도출하였다. 분석 결과 포항시 북구보다 청송군이 임도시공이 유리한 지역으로 나타났으며, 산림시업 또한 시급성이 높은 지역으로 나타났다. 가장 시급성이 높은 지역만 고려한 결과 산림시업 예상지가 청송군에 30개, 포항시 북구에 1개로 나타났고, 결과적으로 해당 지역에 임도가 설치될 경우 청송군 내 경제림육성단지 임도밀도가 1.58m ha-1에서 2.55m ha-1까지 증가할 것으로 전망된다. 이번 연구에서 제시한 기법은 산림시업의 시급성을 고려한 평가방법으로 임도시공지역을 선정하고 기존의 도로망 및 임도망과 연계하는 가이드라인을 제공하여 목재자급률을 높이려는 현 정책에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 과학기술정보통신부의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원(과제번호: 2022R1C1C1008489)과 국민대학교의 학술지원을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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