Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
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The in vitro toxicity evaluation of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in human lung cells

  • Received : 2020.01.28
  • Accepted : 2020.08.21
  • Published : 2021.07.15
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Abstract

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been increasingly used in many industrial and biomedical fields. Therefore, the assessment of risk and consequences of exposure to HNTs is very important to better protect human safety. This study aims to investigate the short- (24 or 72 h) and long-term (7 days) cytotoxic effects of HNTs at doses 10-200 ㎍/mL on human alveolar carcinoma epithelial cells (A549) and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). The effect of HNTs on cell viability, apoptosis, cell proliferation, oxidative/antioxidative status and cell morphology was evaluated. Our results showed that cytotoxicity of HNTs is dependent on dose, cell model and time of exposure. During the time of exposition toxic effects were intensified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use holo-tomographic microscopy (HTM) to visualise changes in cell morphology due to exposure from HNTs. We observed cells contraction, changes in the size and shape, cell surface folding and cytoplasmic vacuolization, peripheral arrangement of cell nuclei and even increase number of nucleus, which undoubtedly confirmed cytotoxic effect of HNTs at low doses (5 ㎍/mL and 25 ㎍/mL). Our results demonstrated that HTM technique provides a new insight into the assessment of HNTs toxicity. Further studies with different cell models are recommended to assess the toxic effect of HNTs on whole human body.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The publication prepared on the results of the research task carried out under the statutory activities of the Central Institute for Labour Protection, National Research Institute (I-55).

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