Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Characteristics of the spatio-temporal distributions of water quality and phytoplankton communities in the Isa Stream systems (ISS)

이사천 수계의 수질환경과 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간적 분포 특성

  • Park, Jong Sick (Ocean Fisheries Research and Development Co.) ;
  • Cheong, Cheong-Jo (Department of Environmental Engineering, Suncheon National University) ;
  • Yoon, Yang Ho (Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University)
  • 박종식 ((주)해양수산연구개발) ;
  • 정정조 (순천대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 윤양호 (전남대학교 해양융합과학과)
  • Received : 2021.08.18
  • Accepted : 2021.08.30
  • Published : 2021.09.30
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Abstract

We analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of water quality and phytoplankton communities in the Isa Stream systems (ISS) from Sangsa Lake to Suncheon Bay. Sangsa Lake showed relatively oligotrophic and mesotrophic conditions, but the freshwater and mixed brackish water zones showed more severe eutrophication than Sangsa Lake and Suncheon Bay due to the influence of industrial waste such as livestock waste. In terms of the phytoplankton community, the number of phytoplankton species was higher in freshwater and mixed brackish water zones than in Sangsa Lake and Suncheon Bay, but the cell density and Chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a) were relatively high in Sanga Lake and Suncheon Bay. In particular, the mesotrophic species Fragilaria crotonensis and Asterionella formosa showed different dominance in the surface and bottom layers, and the influence of A. formosa was significant in the freshwater and mixed brackish water zones in spring and summer. However, Skeletonema costatum-ls, a eutrophic indicator species, dominated in mixed brackish water zones to seawater in autumn and winter. Thus, the severe eutrophication and rapid environmental changes in the ISS could seriously damage the coastal ecosystem in Suncheon Bay. These ecosystem changes are threatening in terms of conservation and management of the UNESCO Suncheon Biosphere Reserve and Yeoja Bay including Suncheon Bay, which recorded the first Ramsar wetland in Korea. Therefore, further research is needed to establish an in-depth management plan.

상사호에서 순천만까지 짧은 수역 특성을 나타내는 이사천 수계(Isa Stream systems)의 수질 환경 및 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간 분포 특성을 분석하였다. 결과, 상사호는 상대적으로 빈영양 및 중영양 조건을 나타내지만, 순천만에 이루는 담수역과 기수역은 축산폐수 등 산업폐수의 영향으로 상사호 및 해수역보다 극심한 부영양상태를 나타내었다. 식물플랑크톤 군집은 상사호와 순천만보다 담수역 및 기수역에서 출현 종수가 높았지만, 현존량 및 엽록소 a 농도는 상사호와 해수역에서 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 특히 봄과 여름 상사호는 중영양종인 Fragilaria crotonensis와 Asterionella formosa가 표층과 저층에서 서로 다른 우점 현상을 보이는 것으로 댐 하류의 담수역과 기수역에서는 A. formosa에 의한 영향이 크게 나타났다. 그러나 가을과 겨울은 기수역에서 해수역까지 부영양화 지표종인 Skeletonema costatum-ls가 극우점하였다. 즉 이사천 수계의 급격한 환경변화는 순천만 연안생태계 구조를 심각하게 훼손시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 급격한 연안생태계 변화는 한국 제1호 람사르습지인 순천만 및 순천 생물권보전지역 및 최대 꼬막 산지인 여자만의 효율적 이용과 관리, 그리고 보전이라는 측면에서 매우 위협적인 내용이기에, 더욱 심층적인 관리방안 도출이 요구된다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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