Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

  • Sohn, Woon-Mok (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Bong-Kwang (Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Hong, Sooji (Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Ryoo, Seungwan (Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Lee, Keon Hoon (Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Khieu, Virak (National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control) ;
  • Chai, Jong-Yil (Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion)
  • Received : 2021.09.23
  • Accepted : 2021.10.01
  • Published : 2021.10.31
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Abstract

The Chinese edible frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (n=20), and the striped snakehead fish, Channa striata (n=34), were purchased from local markets in 3 administrative regions of Cambodia (Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces) from May 2017 to April 2019, and their infection status with Gnathostoma sp. larvae was investigated. The frogs and fish were transported to the laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. Advanced 3rd-stage larvae (AdL3) of Gnathostoma spinigerum, 24 in total number (1-6 larvae/frog), were detected from 6 (60.0%) out of 10 frogs purchased from Phnom Penh. No gnathostome larvae were detected in 10 frogs purchased from Takeo Province and 34 snakeheads from Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces. AdL3 isolated from the frogs were 2.55-3.90 mm long and 0.31-0.36 mm wide. They had a characteristic head bulb (0.081×0.191 mm in average size) with 4 rows of hooklets, a muscular long esophagus (0.950-1.230 mm long), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.530-0.890 mm long). The average number of hooklets in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rows was 41, 45, 48, and 51, respectively. These features were consistent with G. spinigerum AdL3. By the present study, it has been first confirmed that the Chinese edible frog, H. rugulosus, from Phnom Penh serves as a second intermediate host for G. spinigerum, although their intensity of infection was not so high compared to other previously reported localities.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank Jung-A Kim and Hee-Joo Kim, the Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea, for their help in the examination of fish and frogs.

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