Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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Analysis of Changes in Discourse of Major Media on Park Issues - Focusing on Newspaper Articles Published from 1995 to 2019 -

공원 이슈에 대한 주요 언론의 담론변화분석 - 1995년부터 2019년까지 신문 기사를 중심으로 -

  • Ko, Ha-jung (Environmental Planning Institute, Seoul National University)
  • 고하정 (서울대학교 환경계획연구소)
  • Received : 2021.09.01
  • Accepted : 2021.09.12
  • Published : 2021.11.05
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Abstract

Parks became essential to people after the introduction of modern parks in Korea. Following mayoral elections by popular vote, issues surrounding parks, such as the creation of parks, have arisen and have been publicized by the media, allowing for the formation of discourse. Accordingly, this study conducted a topic analysis by collecting news articles from major media outlets in Korea that addressed issues related to parks since 1995, after the introduction of mayoral elections by popular vote, and analyzed changes over time in the discourse on parks through semantic network analysis. As a result of a Latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling analysis, the following five topics were classified: urban park expansion (Topic 1), historical and cultural parks (Topic 2), use programs (Topic 3), zoo event (Topic 4), and conflicts in the park creation process (Topic 5). The park-related discourse addressed by the media is as follows. First, the creation process and conflicts regarding the quantitative expansion of parks are treated as the central discourse. Second, the names of parks appear as keywords every time a new park is created, and they are mentioned continuously from then on, thereby playing an important role in the formation of discourse. Third, 'residents' form discourse about the public nature of the park as the principal agent in park-related media. This study has significance in that it examines how parks are interpreted and how discourse is formed and changed by the media. It is expected that discourse on parks will be addressed from various perspectives in further research focusing on other media, such as regional and specialized magazines.

국내에 근대식 공원이 도입된 이후, 공원은 우리에게 필수적인 존재가 되었다. 민선시기 이후, 공원조성 등 공원을 둘러싼 이슈가 생산되고 언론을 통해 확산되어 담론을 형성하는 과정을 거쳤다. 이에 본 연구는 민선시장 체제인 1995년 이후의 '공원' 관련 이슈를 다룬 국내 중앙지의 보도기사를 수집하여 토픽분석과 의미연결망 분석을 통해 공원에 대한 시계열적 담론 변화 추이를 분석하였다. LDA 토픽모델링 분석결과, 5개의 토픽-도시공원확충(토픽1), 역사문화공원(토픽2), 이용프로그램(토픽3), 동물원 사건사고(토픽4), 공원조성과정갈등(토픽5)-으로 분류되었다. 언론에서 다룬 주요 공원담론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공원의 양적 확장에 대한 조성과정과 갈등이 주요 담론으로 다뤄지고 있다. 둘째, 신규 공원 조성시마다 공원명이 신규 단어로 출현하고 이후 지속적으로 언급되면서 담론형성에 한 축을 담당하고 있다. 셋째, 민선시대 공원 관련 언론에서 '주민'은 주요 주체로 '도시', '환경'과 함께 언급되며, 공원의 공공성에 대한 담론을 형성하고 있다. 본 연구는 공원이 언론을 통해 어떻게 해석되는지 담론변화를 살펴보았다는 점에서 의의를 가진다. 추후 본 연구에서 다룬 중앙지 외에 지역지, 전문지 등 다른 매체에 대한 연구를 통해 공원에 대한 다양한 관점의 담론이 다뤄지길 기대한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 (재)숲과나눔 인재양성 프로그램 지원을 받아 수행된 연구를 기초로 추가분석 및 수정·보완하였음.

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