References
- Adekeye EO. The pattern of fractures of the facial skeleton in Kaduna, Nigeria. A survey of 1,447 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1980;49:491-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(80)90068-7
- Kieser J, Stephenson S, Liston PN, Tong DC, Langley JD. Serious facial fractures in New Zealand from 1979 to 1998. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;31:206-9. https://doi.org/10.1054/ijom.2002.0208
- Holbrook TL, Hoyt DB. The impact of major trauma: quality-oflife outcomes are worse in women than in men, independent of mechanism and injury severity. J Trauma 2004;56:284-90. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TA.0000109758.75406.F8
- Lento J, Glynn S, Shetty V, Asarnow J, Wang J, Belin TR. Psychologic functioning and needs of indigent patients with facial injury: a prospective controlled study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004;62:925-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2004.02.009
- De Sousa A. Psychological issues in acquired facial trauma. Indian J Plast Surg 2010;43:200-5. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.73452
- World Health Organization (WHO). WHO definition of health, preamble to the constitution of the World health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference. New York (NY): WHO; 1946:19-22.
- Shepherd J. Victims of personal violence: the relevance of Symonds' model of psychological response and loss-theory. Br J Soc Work 1990;20:309-32.
- Tubert-Jeannin S, Riordan PJ, Morel-Papernot A, Porcheray S, Saby-Collet S. Validation of an oral health quality of life index (GOHAI) in France. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2003;31:275-84. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0528.2003.t01-1-00006.x
- Klonoff PS, Snow WG, Costa LD. Quality of life in patients 2 to 4 years after closed head injury. Neurosurgery 1986;19:735-43. https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198611000-00004
- Atchison KA, Dolan TA. Development of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index. J Dent Educ 1990;54:680-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.0022-0337.1990.54.11.tb02481.x
- Webb CR, Wrigley M, Yoels W, Fine PR. Explaining quality of life for persons with traumatic brain injuries 2 years after injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1995;76:1113-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-9993(95)80118-9
- Findler M, Cantor J, Haddad L, Gordon W, Ashman T. The reliability and validity of the SF-36 health survey questionnaire for use with individuals with traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2001;15:715-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699050010013941
- Krageloh CU, Henning MA, Hawken SJ, Zhao Y, Shepherd D, Billington R. Validation of the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaire for use with medical students. Educ Health (Abingdon) 2011;24:545.
- Ukpong DI, Ugboko VI, Ndukwe KC, Gbolahan OO. Health-related quality of life in Nigerian patients with facial trauma and controls: a preliminary survey. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008;46:297-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2007.09.013
- Stone MB, Botto LD, Feldkamp ML, Smith KR, Roling L, Yamashiro D, et al. Improving quality of life of children with oral clefts: perspectives of parents. J Craniofac Surg 2010;21:1358-64. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181ec6872
- Bull R, Rumsey N. The social psychology of facial appearance. New York (NY): Springer-Verlag; 1988:9-39.
- Neale HW, Billmire DA, Carey JP. Reconstruction following head and neck burns. Clin Plast Surg 1986;13:119-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1298(20)31623-0
- Levine E, Degutis L, Pruzinsky T, Shin J, Persing JA. Quality of life and facial trauma: psychological and body image effects. Ann Plast Surg 2005;54:502-10. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.sap.0000155282.48465.94
- Braimah RO, Ukpong DI, Ndukwe KC. Psychosocial and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) aspect of oral and maxillofacial trauma. In: Almasri MA, Kummoona R, eds. Maxillofacial surgery and craniofacial deformity: practices and updates. London: IntechOpen; 2020:449.
- Bisson JI, Shepherd JP, Dhutia M. Psychological sequelae of facial trauma. J Trauma 1997;43:496-500. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199709000-00018
- Shetty V, Dent DM, Glynn S, Brown KE. Psychosocial sequelae and correlates of orofacial injury. Dent Clin North Am 2003;47:141-57, xi. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-8532(02)00059-9
- Omeje KU, Rana M, Adebola AR, Efunkoya AA, Olasoji HO, Purcz N, et al. Quality of life in treatment of mandibular fractures using closed reduction and maxillomandibular fixation in comparison with open reduction and internal fixation--a randomized prospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2014;42:1821-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2014.06.021
- Hull AM, Lowe T, Devlin M, Finlay P, Koppel D, Stewart AM. Psychological consequences of maxillofacial trauma: a preliminary study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003;41:317-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0266-4356(03)00131-1