Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine

The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine (대한생식의학회)
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The effect of genistein on insulin resistance, inflammatory factors, lipid profile, and histopathologic indices in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome

  • Amanat, Sasan (Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Ashkar, Fatemeh (Food and Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Eftekhari, Mohammad Hassan (Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Tanideh, Nader (Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Doaei, Saeid (Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Zahra Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Gholamalizadeh, Maryam (Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Koohpeyma, Farhad (Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Mokhtari, Maral (Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences)
  • Received : 2020.11.18
  • Accepted : 2021.04.01
  • Published : 2021.09.30
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Abstract

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, irregular menstruation, ovulatory dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Recent studies have reported the possible role of phytoestrogens in PCOS. This animal study aimed to evaluate the effects of genistein on insulin resistance, inflammatory factors, lipid profile, and histopathologic indices on PCOS. Methods: PCOS was induced by 1 mg/kg of letrozole in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats then received normal saline (PCOS group), 150 mg/kg of metformin, or 20 mg/kg of genistein dissolved in 1% methylcellulose solution for 42 days. Body weight, the glycemic and lipid profile, and inflammatory, antioxidative, and histopathological parameters were assessed at the end of the intervention. Results: Treatment with genistein significantly alleviated the increased level of fasting blood insulin (p=0.16) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (p=0.012). In addition, the genistein group had significantly lower levels of serum malondialdehyde (p=0.039) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p=0.003), and higher superoxide dismutase enzyme activity (p<0.001). Furthermore, the histopathological analysis indicated that genistein administration led to an increase in luteinization and the development of fewer cysts (p<0.05). Conclusion: Biochemical and histopathological analyses indicated that genistein administration to rats with PCOS induced significant remission in oxidative, inflammatory, and glycemic and histopathologic parameters.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank the staff of the Clinical Nutrition Department of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences for their kind cooperation on the basis of this study.

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