Acknowledgement
The authors thank the staff of the Dairy Cattle Breeding Center of SANYUAN Group (Beijing, China) for their assistance with animal management.
References
- Sammad A, Umar S, Shi R, Zhu H, Zhao X, Wang Y. Dairy cow reproduction under the influence of heat stress. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2020;104:978-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13257
- Gernand E, Konig S, Kipp C. Influence of on-farm measurements for heat stress indicators on dairy cow productivity, female fertility, and health. J Dairy Sci 2019;102:6660-71. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-16011
- Wang J, Tang F, Yue Y, Guo X, Yao X. Development and validation of an HPTLC method for simultaneous quantitation of isoorientin, isovitexin, orientin, and vitexin in bamboo-leaf flavonoids. J AOAC Int 2010;93:1376-83. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.5.1376
- Yang Q, Yang YS, Zeng N, et al. The effects of bamboo-leafflavonoid on the growth and slaughter performance in broilers under the continued heat stress. Feed Ind 2014;35:6-8. https://doi.org/10.13302/j.cnki.fi.2014.08.002
- Wang J, Li FF, Zhang RY, et al. Effects of compound supplement of flavor enhancer and sweeteners extracted from plants on fodder preference, growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of weaned piglets. Chin J Anim Nutr 2019;31:4278-85.
- Li MY, Fnag LY, Su HS, et al. Effects of bamboo leaf extracts on lactation performance, blood routine indexes and immune and antioxidant ability of dairy cows. Chin J Anim Nutr 2019;31:3302-9.
- Jami E, Israel A, Kotser A, Mizrahi I. Exploring the bovine rumen bacterial community from birth to adulthood. ISME J 2013;7:1069-79. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.2
- Oskoueian E, Abdullah N, Oskoueian A. Effects of flavonoids on rumen fermentation activity, methane production, and microbial population. Biomed Res Int 2013;2013:Article ID 349129. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/349129
- Vasta V, Daghio M, Cappucci A, et al. Invited review: Plant polyphenols and rumen microbiota responsible for fatty acid biohydrogenation, fiber digestion, and methane emission: Experimental evidence and methodological approaches. J Dairy Sci 2019;102:3781-804. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-14985
- Gao Q, Shi Y, Liao M, et al. Laboratory and field evaluation of the aphidicidal activity of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) leaf extract and identification of the active components. Pest Manag Sci 2019;75:3167-74. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5434
- Xu ZK, Yin HM, Li F, et al. Determination of flavonoids constituents in epimedium total flavone capsule and research on its anti-osteoporosis activity. Chin Mater Med 2018;43:3140-4. https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180611.003
- NRC (National Research Council). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 7th rev. ed. Washington DC, USA: National Academies Press; 2001.
- AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). Official methods of analysis, 15th ed. Arlington, VA, USA: AOAS International Press; 2011.
- van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 1991;74:3583-97. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
- Sun P, Wang J, Liu W, et al. Hydroxy-selenomethionine: a novel organic selenium source that improves antioxidant status and selenium concentrations in milk and plasma of mid-lactation dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2017;100:9602-10. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12610
- Zhan J, Liu M, Su X, Zhan K, Zhang C, Zhao G. Effects of alfalfa flavonoids on the production performance, immune system, and ruminal fermentation of dairy cows. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017;30:1416-24. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0579
- Gessner DK, Koch C, Romberg FJ, et al. The effect of grape seed and grape marc meal extract on milk performance and the expression of genes of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in the liver of dairy cows in early lactation. J Dairy Sci 2015;98:8856-68. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9478
- Guo WJ, Zhen L, Zhang JX, et al. Effect of feeding Rumen-protected capsule containing niacin, K2SO4, vitamin C, and gamma-aminobutyric acid on heat stress and performance of dairy cows. J Therm Biol 2017;69:249-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.06.011
- Kang HJ, Piao MY, Park SJ, Na SW, Kim HJ, Baik M. Effects of heat stress and rumen-protected fat supplementation on growth performance, rumen characteristics, and blood parameters in growing Korean cattle steers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019;32:826-33. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0725
- Xu XF, Guo C. Changes of rumen bacterial flora after starch induced milk fat depression in dairy cows. Acta agriculturae Zhejiangensis 2019;31:1591-8. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2019.10.03
- Cosandey A, Boss R, Luini M, et al. Staphylococcus aureus genotype B and other genotypes isolated from cow milk in European countries. J Dairy Sci 2016;99:529-40. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9587
- Tim Cushnie TP, Lamb AJ. Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005;26:343-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.002
- Liao XD, Zhou CH, Zhang J, et al. Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on casein and fatty acid synthesis in MAC-T cells. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2020;33:1012-22. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0315
- Song SY, Jiang MH, Zhou JY, Zhao F, Hou X, Lin Y. Nutrigenomic role of acetate and β-hydroxybutyrate in bovine mammary epithelial cells. DNA Cell Biol 2020;39:389-97. https://doi.org/10.1089/dna.2019.4783
- Henno M, Ariko T, Kaart T, et al. The fatty acid composition of Estonian and Latvian retail milk; implications for human nutrition compared with a designer milk. J Dairy Res 2018; 85:247-50. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022029918000183
- Gullert S, Fischer MA, Turaev D, et al. Deep metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses of microbial communities affiliated with an industrial biogas fermenter, a cow rumen, and elephant feces reveal major differences in carbohydrate hydrolysis strategies. Biotechnol Biofuels 2016;9:121. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0534-x
- Do TH, Dao TK, Nguyen KHV, et al. Metagenomic analysis of bacterial community structure and diversity of lignocellulolytic bacteria in Vietnamese native goat rumen. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018;31:738-47. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.17.0174