Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of eating habits and inappropriate weight control efforts of secondary school students enrolled in a weight control program

  • Kang, EunKyo (Public Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Soojeong (Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yun, Young Ho (Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital)
  • Received : 2020.08.05
  • Accepted : 2020.12.18
  • Published : 2021.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Numerous school-based weight control programs have been initiated for weight loss among adolescents. However, the relationship between these programs and inappropriate weight control efforts, dietary habits and behavior of students, have not been investigated sufficiently. This study was undertaken to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) of adolescents, and their health status and inappropriate weight-control efforts. We further examined the relationship between attendance to school-based weight-control programs and attempting inappropriate weight-control efforts, dietary habits, and behavior. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey of 1,742 students was conducted in Korea. Logistic regression was used to assess differences in the health status (grouped by BMI and improper weight control) and dietary habits, based on attendance to the weight-control programs. RESULTS: Obese students were significantly more dissatisfied with physical, mental and spiritual health. Students who attended weight-control programs were likely to be underweight (P < 0.001), whereas those who did not attend weight-control programs were likely to attempt weight control improperly (P < 0.001). Students who participated in the program also had relatively healthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.027), and students who did not attend had comparatively unhealthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.008). Students who attended weight-control programs were likely to be underweight (P < 0.001) with relatively healthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.027), whereas students who did not attend the programs were likely to attempt weight control improperly (P < 0.001) and had comparatively unhealthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Attending school-based weight-control programs was significantly associated with not attempting inappropriate weight-control efforts, as well as following healthy dietary habits. Our data indicates that offering school-based weight-control programs is valuable to student health, and is anticipated to reducing the public health burden.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank Amanda Weiskoff (BioScienceWriters) for professional editing.

References

  1. Jung UJ, Choi MS. Obesity and its metabolic complications: the role of adipokines and the relationship between obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Int J Mol Sci 2014;15:6184-223. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms15046184
  2. Hall ME, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Juncos LA, Wang Z, Hall JE. Obesity, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014;7:75-88.
  3. Cossrow N, Falkner B. Race/ethnic issues in obesity and obesity-related comorbidities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2590-4. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2004-0339
  4. Sulit LG, Storfer-Isser A, Rosen CL, Kirchner HL, Redline S. Associations of obesity, sleep-disordered breathing, and wheezing in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;171:659-64. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200403-398OC
  5. Krassas GE, Tzotzas T. Do obese children become obese adults: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2004;1 Suppl 3:455-9.
  6. Singh AS, Mulder C, Twisk JW, van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJ. Tracking of childhood overweight into adulthood: a systematic review of the literature. Obes Rev 2008;9:474-88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00475.x
  7. Umer A, Kelley GA, Cottrell LE, Giacobbi P Jr, Innes KE, Lilly CL. Childhood obesity and adult cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2017;17:683. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4691-z
  8. Wright CM, Parker L, Lamont D, Craft AW. Implications of childhood obesity for adult health: findings from thousand families cohort study. BMJ 2001;323:1280-4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.323.7324.1280
  9. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2017;390:2627-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3
  10. Ha KH, Kim DJ. Epidemiology of childhood obesity in Korea. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2016;31:510-8. https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.4.510
  11. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Health at a Glance 2015. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2015.
  12. Lee Y, Shin HK, Choi BM, Eun BL, Park SH, Lee KH, Shin C. A survey of body shape perception and weight control of adolescent girls in three areas of Korea. Korean J Pediatr 2008;51:134-44. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.2.134
  13. Sivertsen B, Pallesen S, Sand L, Hysing M. Sleep and body mass index in adolescence: results from a large population-based study of Norwegian adolescents aged 16 to 19 years. BMC Pediatr 2014;14:204. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-14-204
  14. Ambroszkiewicz J, Klemarczyk W, Rowicka G, Chelchowska M, Oltarzewski M, Gajewska J. Adipokines, body composition and bone mineral density in underweight children . Pol Merkur Lekarski 2015;39:18-22.
  15. Gao S, Juhaeri J, Reshef S, Dai WS. Association between body mass index and suicide, and suicide attempt among British adults: the health improvement network database. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21:E334-42. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20143
  16. Ibrahim C, El-Kamary SS, Bailey J, St George DM. Inaccurate weight perception is associated with extreme weight-management practices in U.S. high school students. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014;58:368-75. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000000231
  17. Kleiser C, Schaffrath Rosario A, Mensink GB, Prinz-Langenohl R, Kurth BM. Potential determinants of obesity among children and adolescents in Germany: results from the cross-sectional KiGGS study. BMC Public Health 2009;9:46. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-46
  18. Ball EJ, O'Connor J, Abbott R, Steinbeck KS, Davies PS, Wishart C, Gaskin KJ, Baur LA. Total energy expenditure, body fatness, and physical activity in children aged 6-9 y. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:524-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/74.4.524
  19. Arora M, Nazar GP, Gupta VK, Perry CL, Reddy KS, Stigler MH. Association of breakfast intake with obesity, dietary and physical activity behavior among urban school-aged adolescents in Delhi, India: results of a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2012;12:881. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-881
  20. O'Connor TM, Yang SJ, Nicklas TA. Beverage intake among preschool children and its effect on weight status. Pediatrics 2006;118:e1010-8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-2348
  21. Yoon SS, Kim HJ, Oh KW. Dietary habits of Korean adolescents: results of Korea youth risk behavior webbased survey. Public Health Wkly Rep 2014;8:795-9.
  22. Madsen KA, Cotterman C, Crawford P, Stevelos J, Archibald A. Effect of the healthy schools program on prevalence of overweight and obesity in California schools, 2006-2012. Prev Chronic Dis 2015;12:E77. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd12.150020
  23. Brown T, Summerbell C. Systematic review of school-based interventions that focus on changing dietary intake and physical activity levels to prevent childhood obesity: an update to the obesity guidance produced by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Obes Rev 2009;10:110-41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00515.x
  24. Yin Z, Moore JB, Johnson MH, Vernon MM, Gutin B. The impact of a 3-year after-school obesity prevention program in elementary school children. Child Obes 2012;8:60-70. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2011.0085
  25. Niide TK, Davis J, Tse AM, Harrigan RC. Evaluating the impact of a school-based prevention program on self-esteem, body image, and risky dieting attitudes and behaviors among Kaua'i youth. Hawaii J Med Public Health 2013;72:273-8.
  26. Johnston CA, Moreno JP, El-Mubasher A, Gallagher M, Tyler C, Woehler D. Impact of a school-based pediatric obesity prevention program facilitated by health professionals. J Sch Health 2013;83:171-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12013
  27. Yi DY, Kim SC, Lee JH, Lee EH, Kim JY, Kim YJ, Kang KS, Hong J, Shim JO, Lee Y, Kang B, Lee YJ, Kim MJ, Moon JS, Koh H, You J, Kwak YS, Lim H, Yang HR. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric obesity: recommendations from the Committee on Pediatric Obesity of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition. Korean J Pediatr 2019;62:3-21. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.07360
  28. Fukai M, Kim S, Yun YH. Depression and suicidal ideation: association of physical, mental, social, and spiritual health status. Qual Life Res 2020;29:2807-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-020-02538-x
  29. Yun YH, Sim JA, Park EG, Park JD, Noh DY. Employee health behaviors, self-reported health status, and association with absenteeism: comparison with the general population. J Occup Environ Med 2016;58:932-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000830
  30. DeVault N, Kennedy T, Hermann J, Mwavita M, Rask P, Jaworsky A. It's all about kids: preventing overweight in elementary school children in Tulsa, OK. J Am Diet Assoc 2009;109:680-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.12.021
  31. Hollar D, Messiah SE, Lopez-Mitnik G, Hollar TL, Almon M, Agatston AS. Effect of a two-year obesity prevention intervention on percentile changes in body mass index and academic performance in low-income elementary school children. Am J Public Health 2010;100:646-53. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.165746
  32. Melnyk BM, Jacobson D, Kelly S, O'Haver J, Small L, Mays MZ. Improving the mental health, healthy lifestyle choices, and physical health of Hispanic adolescents: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Sch Health 2009;79:575-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00451.x
  33. Halfon N, Larson K, Slusser W. Associations between obesity and comorbid mental health, developmental, and physical health conditions in a nationally representative sample of US children aged 10 to 17. Acad Pediatr 2013;13:6-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2012.10.007
  34. Hartmann T, Zahner L, Puhse U, Puder JJ, Kriemler S. Effects of a school-based physical activity program on physical and psychosocial quality of life in elementary school children: a cluster-randomized trial. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2010;22:511-22. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.22.4.511
  35. Foster GD, Sherman S, Borradaile KE, Grundy KM, Vander Veur SS, Nachmani J, Karpyn A, Kumanyika S, Shults J. A policy-based school intervention to prevent overweight and obesity. Pediatrics 2008;121:e794-802.
  36. Wang MC, Rauzon S, Studer N, Martin AC, Craig L, Merlo C, Fung K, Kursunoglu D, Shannguan M, Crawford P. Exposure to a comprehensive school intervention increases vegetable consumption. J Adolesc Health 2010;47:74-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.12.014
  37. Kim S, So WY. Prevalence and sociodemographic trends of weight misperception in Korean adolescents. BMC Public Health 2014;14:452. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-452
  38. Liechty JM. Body image distortion and three types of weight loss behaviors among nonoverweight girls in the United States. J Adolesc Health 2010;47:176-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.01.004
  39. Kim M, Lee H. Overestimation of own body weights in female university students: associations with lifestyles, weight control behaviors and depression. Nutr Res Pract 2010;4:499-506. https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2010.4.6.499
  40. Black RE. Patterns of growth in early childhood and infectious disease and nutritional determinants. In: Black RE, Makrides M, Ong KK, editors. Complementary Feeding: Building the Foundations for a Healthy Life. Basel: Karger AG Basel; 2017. p.63-72.
  41. Nakamori M, Nguyen XN, Nguyen CK, Cao TH, Nguyen AT, Le BM, Vu TT, Bui TN, Nakano T, Yoshiike N, Kusama K, Yamamoto S. Nutritional status, feeding practice and incidence of infectious diseases among children aged 6 to 18 months in northern mountainous Vietnam. J Med Invest 2010;57:45-53. https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.57.45
  42. Park MH, Falconer C, Viner RM, Kinra S. The impact of childhood obesity on morbidity and mortality in adulthood: a systematic review. Obes Rev 2012;13:985-1000. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01015.x
  43. Abdullah A, Wolfe R, Stoelwinder JU, de Courten M, Stevenson C, Walls HL, Peeters A. The number of years lived with obesity and the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Int J Epidemiol 2011;40:985-96. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyr018
  44. Caird J, Kavanagh J, O'Mara-Eves A, Oliver K, Oliver S, Stansfield C, Thomas J. Does being overweight impede academic attainment? A systematic review. Health Educ J 2014;73:497-521. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896913489289
  45. Kraak VI, Vandevijvere S, Sacks G, Brinsden H, Hawkes C, Barquera S, Lobstein T, Swinburn BA. Progress achieved in restricting the marketing of high-fat, sugary and salty food and beverage products to children. Bull World Health Organ 2016;94:540-8. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.158667
  46. Mellor D, McCabe M, Ricciardelli L, Yeow J, Daliza N, Hapidzal NF. Sociocultural influences on body dissatisfaction and body change behaviors among Malaysian adolescents. Body Image 2009;6:121-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.11.003