Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract of Abeliophyllum distichum leaf on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation

  • Thomas, Shalom Sara (Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Eom, Ji (Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Sung, Nak-Yun (Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Sub (Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Cha, Youn-Soo (Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Ah (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2020.09.16
  • Accepted : 2021.02.03
  • Published : 2021.10.01
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Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Abeliophyllum distichum is a plant endemic to Korea, containing several beneficial natural compounds. This study investigated the effect of A. distichum leaf extract (ALE) on adipocyte differentiation. MATERIALS/METHODS: The cytotoxic effect of ALE was analyzed using cell viability assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated using induction media in the presence or absence of ALE. Lipid accumulation was confirmed using Oil Red O staining. The mRNA expression of adipogenic markers was measured using RT-PCR, and the protein expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR𝛾) were measured using western blot. Cell proliferation was measured by calculating the incorporation of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) into DNA. RESULTS: ALE reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes, as indicated by Oil Red O staining and triglyceride assays. Treatment with ALE decreased the gene expression of adipogenic markers such as Ppar𝛾, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/ebp𝛼), lipoprotein lipase, adipocyte protein-2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase. Also, the protein expression of PPAR𝛄 was reduced by ALE. Treating the cells with ALE at different time points revealed that the inhibitory effect of ALE on adipogenesis is higher in the early period treatment than in the terminal period. Furthermore, ALE inhibited adipocyte differentiation by reducing the early phase of adipogenesis and mitotic clonal expansion. This was indicated by the lower number of cells in the Synthesis phase of the cell cycle (labeled using BrdU assay) and a decrease in the expression of early adipogenic transcription factors such as C/ebp𝛽 and C/ebp𝛿. ALE suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPK, confirming that the effect of ALE was through the suppression of early phase of adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, the results of the present study revealed that ALE inhibits lipid accumulation and may be a potential agent for managing obesity.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by research fund of Chungnam National University.

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