과제정보
We thank Prof. Ronir Raggio Luiz and Prof. Klaus Barreto for their assistance in the statistical analysis of the study data. This study was part of the first author's Ph.D. program at the Rio de Janeiro State University. The first author received a scholarship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement) CAPES-Brazil.
참고문헌
- Krishnan V. Orthodontic pain: from causes to management--a review. Eur J Orthod 2007;29:170-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjl081
- Cheng C, Xie T, Wang J. The efficacy of analgesics in controlling orthodontic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2020;20:259. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01245-w
- Bayani S, Rostami S, Ahrari F, Saeedipouya I. A randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of bite wafer and low level laser therapy in reducing pain following initial arch wire placement. Laser Ther 2016;25:121-9. https://doi.org/10.5978/islsm.16-OR-10
- Eslamipour F, Motamedian SR, Bagheri F. Ibuprofen and low-level laser therapy for pain control during fixed orthodontic therapy: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18:527-33. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2078
- Farzanegan F, Zebarjad SM, Alizadeh S, Ahrari F. Pain reduction after initial archwire placement in orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:169-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.06.042
- Al Shayea EI. Comparative assessment between ibuprofen, chewing gum, and bite wafers in pain control following first archwire placement in orthodontic patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21:416-20. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2804
- Alqareer A, Alyahya A, Al-Anezi SA, AlAwadhi A, Al Qabandi S, Alyaseen M. Efficacy of chewing gum to reduce orthodontic pain compared to placebo: a blinded, parallel-group, preliminary clinical trial. J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2019;33:301-7. https://doi.org/10.11607/ofph.2192
- Hwang JY, Tee CH, Huang AT, Taft L. Effectiveness of thera-bite wafers in reducing pain. J Clin Orthod 1994;28:291-2.
- Murdock S, Phillips C, Khondker Z, Hershey HG. Treatment of pain after initial archwire placement: a noninferiority randomized clinical trial comparing over-the-counter analgesics and bite-wafer use. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;137:316-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.12.021
- Otasevic M, Naini FB, Gill DS, Lee RT. Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of a masticatory bite wafer and avoidance of hard food on pain associated with initial orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006; 130:6.e9-15.
- Proffit WR, Fields HW. The biologic basis of orthodontic therapy. In: Proffit WR, Fields HW, eds. Contemporary orthodontics. 3rd ed. St Louis: Mosby; 2000.
- Benson PE, Razi RM, Al-Bloushi RJ. The effect of chewing gum on the impact, pain and breakages associated with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized clinical trial. Orthod Craniofac Res 2012; 15:178-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2012.01546.x
- Ireland AJ, Ellis P, Jordan A, Bradley R, Ewings P, Atack NE, et al. Comparative assessment of chewing gum and ibuprofen in the management of orthodontic pain with fixed appliances: a pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016;150:220-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.02.018
- Kaur H, Bansal N, Abraham R. A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of verbal behavior modification and acetaminophen on orthodontic pain. Angle Orthod 2019;89:617-23. https://doi.org/10.2319/080518-570.1
- Hosseinzadeh Nik T, Shahsavari N, Ghadirian H, Ostad SN. Acetaminophen versus liquefied ibuprofen for control of pain during separation in orthodontic patients: a randomized triple blinded clinical trial. Acta Med Iran 2016;54:418-21.
- Fleming PS, Strydom H, Katsaros C, MacDonald L, Curatolo M, Fudalej P, et al. Non-pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;12: CD010263.
- Angelopoulou MV, Vlachou V, Halazonetis DJ. Pharmacological management of pain during orthodontic treatment: a meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2012;15:71-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2012.01542.x
- Artun J, Grobety D. Periodontal status of mandibular incisors after pronounced orthodontic advancement during adolescence: a follow-up evaluation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001 119:2-10. https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2001.111403
- de Souza Galvao MC, Sato JR, Coelho EC. Dahlberg formula: a novel approach for its evaluation. Dental Press J Orthod 2012;17:115-24.
- Sandhu SS, Leckie G. Orthodontic pain trajectories in adolescents: between-subject and within-subject variability in pain perception. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016;149:491-500.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.10.020
- Patel S, McGorray SP, Yezierski R, Fillingim R, Logan H, Wheeler TT. Effects of analgesics on orthodontic pain. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139:e53-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.07.017
- Monk AB, Harrison JE, Worthington HV, Teague A. Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017;11:CD003976.
- Sandhu SS, Cheema MS, Khehra HS. Comparative effectiveness of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for orthodontic pain relief at peak pain intensity: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016;150:13-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.12.025
- Kim TW, Ryu YK. Experimental study of the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents used in denial clinic on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Korean J Orthod 1992;22:579-87.
- Pandis N, Tu YK, Fleming PS, Polychronopoulou A. Randomized and nonrandomized studies: complementary or competing? Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014;146:633-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.08.002
- Barretto Dos Santos Lopes Batista K, Thiruvenkatachari B, O'Brien K. Intention-to-treat analysis: are we managing dropouts and missing data properly in research on orthodontic treatment? A systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2019; 155:19-27.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.08.013