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Characterization of Coolia spp. (Gonyaucales, Dinophyceae) from Southern Tunisia: first record of Coolia malayensis in the Mediterranean Sea

  • Received : 2020.11.21
  • Accepted : 2021.06.02
  • Published : 2021.09.15
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Abstract

This study provides the first report of the presence of Coolia malayensis in the Mediterranean Sea, co-occurring with C. monotis. Isolated strains from the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia (South-eastern Mediterranean) were identified by morphological characterization and phylogenetic analysis. Examination by light and scanning electron microscopy revealed no significant morphological differences between the Tunisian isolates and other geographically distant strains of C. monotis and C. malayensis. Phylogenetic trees based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and D1-D3/28S rDNA sequences showed that C. monotis strains clustered with others from the Mediterranean and Atlantic whereas the C. malayensis isolate branched with isolates from the Pacific and the Atlantic, therefore revealing no geographical trend among C. monotis and C. malayensis populations. Ultrastructural analyses by transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of numerous vesicles containing spirally coiled fibers in both C. malayensis and C. monotis cells, which we speculate to be involved in mucus production.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We are grateful to Dr. Isabella Percopo (Electron Microscopy Service, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn) for their assistance in scanning electron microscopy analyses. This work is carried out under the MOBIDOC scheme, funded by the EU through the EMORI program and managed by the ANPR. This study was partially supported by the European funded project "Improving National Capacities in Observation and Management of Marine Environment in Tunisia" (INCOMMET, 295009).

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