Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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A Study on the Factors Affecting the Entrepreneurial Intentions of Manufacturing Industry Employees: Focused on the Effects of Entrepreneurship and Personal Characteristics

중소 제조업 종사자의 창업의도에 미치는 영향 요인에 관한 연구: 기술개발 지원사업의 조절효과를 중심으로

  • Shin, Yong-Sik (Korea Western Power co.) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Hong (The Graduate School of Industrial & Entrepreneurial Management, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Il-han (School of Business Administration, Chung-Ang University)
  • 신용식 (한국서부발전(주)) ;
  • 김재홍 (중앙대학교 산업창업경영대학원) ;
  • 이일한 (중앙대학교 경영학부)
  • Received : 2020.11.10
  • Accepted : 2021.08.26
  • Published : 2021.08.31
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Abstract

This research attempts to analyze the factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention of employees in manufacturing field. In particular, key factors of entrepreneurship and personal characteristics explain a significant association with the intention to start-up. And study whether R&D support from public enterprise adjusts intention to entrepreneurial Intention. This study conducted a online survey on 292 small and medium-sized enterprise manufacturing employees in May 2020. Using linear regression model and binary logistic model. The main study results are the following: First, among the key factors(innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking) of entrepreneurship, proactiveness hardly influenced the opportunity competency. Second, among the factors(risk-taking propensity, locus of control, tolerance for ambiguity) of personal characteristics, locus of control hardly influenced the opportunity competency. Third, opportunity competency(opportunity recognition and opportunity evaluation) had positive influence to entrepreneurial intention. Fourth, the study investigated the mediated effect of opportunity competency. The result showed that among the factors of entrepreneurship and personal characteristics, only two factors that are proactiveness and locus of control were not mediated by opportunity competency. and opportunity evaluation was acted as a mediator between proactiveness and entrepreneurial Intention, compared with opportunity recognition. Lastly, public enterprise's R&D supporting moderated the entrepreneurial intention). Based on the result, the study showed that first, the key factors of entrepreneurship except for proactiveness and personal characteristics(risk-taking propensity, locus of control, tolerance for ambiguity) except for locus of control affect the intention to start-up, repeatedly. This results are explained that employees have not started a business yet. Second, research on start-up suggests the need to analyze factors differentiated before and after the start-ups. Based on the results, entrepreneurship and personal characteristics show that study on the effects of start-up intentions should be carried out before and after the actual start-up takes place, and can be used as effective data in policies to promoting start-ups in manufacturing field.

본 연구는 국내 중소기업 중 기술과 연관성이 있는 제조업 분야의 종사자를 대상으로 기업가정신과 개인적 특성에 대한 독립변인이 창업의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 실증연구로 기업가정신과 개인적 특성이 기회역량을 매개로 하여 창업의도에 미치는 인과관계 규명과 기술개발지원사업(R&D)의 조절적 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구결과를 토대로 제조분야 중소기업 창업 활성화를 위한 정부의 정책에 대한 함의적 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위해 장치산업과 관련된 제조분야 중소기업 종사자 292명을 대상으로 2020년 5월 설문 조사를 통해 자료를 수집하였고, Amos 구조방정식을 통해 연구결과를 도출하였으며, 연구의 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기업가정신의 핵심변수인 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성 중 진취성을 제외한 요인이 기회역량에 영향을 미치며, 개인적 특성의 하위변수인 자기효능감, 내재적 통제, 모호성에 대한 인내 중 내재적 통제 요인만이 기회역량에 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기회역량의 하위변수인 기회인식과 평가는 모두 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 기업가정신과 개인적 특성에 대한 하위요인과 창업의도 사이에서 기회역량의 매개 여부를 조사하였는데, 진취성과 내재적 통제 요인이 기각되었으며, 혁신성은 기회역량 중 기회인식만이 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 기술개발지원사업(R&D) 제도의 인식의 조절적 영향은 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 이를 종합하면 기업가정신과 개인적 특성은 실제로 창업이 일어나는 전, 후로 구분하여 창업의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구가 진행되어야 한다는 점을 보여주고 있으며, 제조분야의 창업 활성화를 위한 정책을 수립하는 데 있어 효과적인 자료로 활용될 수 있는데 본 연구가 기여하는 바가 크다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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