Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
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Convergent Factors Related to Depression of Wage Workers in Korea: Focusing on Gender Differences

한국 임금근로자의 우울과 관련된 융복합적 요인: 성별 차이를 중심으로

  • Received : 2021.08.02
  • Accepted : 2021.08.26
  • Published : 2021.08.31
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Abstract

This research was conducted to investigate the prevalence of depression and convergent factors related to depression in male and female wage workers. Using data from the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 3,763 adults (1,888 males, 1,875 females) between the ages of 19 and under 65 were analyzed. Depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the depression (PHQ-9≥10) of all workers was 4.1% (3.2% for men, 5.0% for women). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the depressive factors of male and female wage workers. In male workers, work-related characteristics such as employment type and working hours per week were found to be significantly related to depression even after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, health-related characteristics, and life style characteristics. However, in female workers, work-related characteristics did not expose a significant relationship, showing a difference from male workers. Therefore it is necessary to develop and implement workplace counselling or mental health promotion programs that take into account the gender characteristics of depression risk factors. Also, as health-related characteristics (diagnosis of depression, suicide plan, perceived stress level, unmet medical services, self-rated health status) were found to be related to depression for both male and female workers, continuous management of these factors is required.

본 연구는 남녀 임금근로자의 우울 유병률과 우울 관련 융복합적 요인의 규명을 위해 시행되었다. 2014년, 2016년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 19세 이상 65세 미만 성인 3,763명(남성 1,888명, 여성 1,875)을 대상으로 분석하였다. 우울은 Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)으로 측정하였으며 전체 근로자의 우울(PHQ-9≥10)은 4.1%(남성 3.2%, 여성 5.0%)로 나타났다. 남녀 근로자의 우울 영향 요인을 평가하기 위해 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 남성 근로자에서 일 관련 특성인 고용 유형, 주당 근로시간은 인구사회학적 특성, 건강 관련 특성, 생활습관 특성을 보정한 후에도 우울과 유의한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 여성 근로자에서 일 관련 특성은 유의한 관련을 보이지 않아 남성과 차이를 보였다. 그러므로 우울 위험 요인의 성별 특성을 고려한 직장 내 상담 또는 정신건강 증진 프로그램을 개발, 수행할 필요가 있다. 또한 남녀 모두 건강 관련 특성(우울증 진단 여부, 자살 계획 여부, 스트레스 인지 수준, 미충족 의료서비스 여부, 주관적 건강상태)이 우울과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으므로 이들 요인에 대한 지속적인 관리가 요구된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2020년도 중부대학교 학술연구비 지원에 의하여 수행되었습니다.

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