DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

가로녹지 유형이 보행공간의 초미세먼지에 미치는 영향 분석 - 미기후 시뮬레이션을 활용하여 -

Analysis of the effect of street green structure on PM2.5 in the walk space - Using microclimate simulation -

  • 김신우 (서울대학교 대학원 생태조경.지역시스템공학부) ;
  • 이동근 (서울대학교 조경.지역시스템공학부) ;
  • 배채영 (서울대학교 협동과정 조경학 및 융합전공 스마트시트 글로벌 융합)
  • Kim, Shin-Woo (Graduate School of Seoul National University Seoul) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Kun (Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Bae, Chae-Young (Interdisciplinary program in Landscape Architecture & Integrated major in smart city global convergence, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2021.07.28
  • 심사 : 2021.08.24
  • 발행 : 2021.08.31

초록

Roadside greenery in the city is not only a means of reducing fine dust, but also an indispensable element of the city in various aspects such as improvement of urban thermal environment, noise reduction, ecosystem connectivity, and aesthetics. However, in studies dealing with the effect of reducing fine dust through trees in existing urban spaces, microscopic aspects such as the adsorption effect of plants were dealt with, structural changes such as the width of urban buildings and streets, and the presence or absence of trees, Impact studies that reflect the actual form of In this study, the effect of greenery composition applicable to urban space on PM2.5 was simulated through the microclimate epidemiologic model ENVI-met, and field measurements were performed in parallel to verify the results. In addition, by analyzing the results of fine dust background concentration, wind speed, and leaf area index, the sensitivity to major influencing variables was tested. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the fine dust reduction effect was the highest in the case with a high planting amount, and the reduction effect was the greatest at a low background concentration. Based on this, the cost of planting street green areas and the effect of reducing PM2.5 were compared. The results of this study can contribute as a basis for considering the effect of pedestrian space on air quality when planning and designing street green spaces.

키워드

과제정보

본 결과물은 환경부의 재원으로 한국환경산업기술원의 도시생태 건강성 증진 기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다.(2019002760002)

참고문헌

  1. Ahn YJ.Lee DK.Kim HG and Mo JW. 2014. Applying Connectivity Analysis for Prioritizing Unexecuted Urban Parks in Sungnam. Journal of the Korea Society of Environmental Restoration Technology. 17(3): pp. 75-86. https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2014.17.3.75
  2. Barlow, J. F., Harman, I. N., & Belcher, S. E. (2004). Scalar fluxes from urban street canyons. Part I: Laboratory simulation. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 113(3), 369-385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-004-6204-8
  3. J. Hang, Y. Li, M. Sandberg, R. Buccolieri, S.D. Sabatino Berardi, U. (2016). The outdoor microclimate benefits and energy saving resulting from green roofs retrofits. Energy and Buildings, 121, 217-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.03.021
  4. Berardi, U., GhaffarianHoseini, A., & GhaffarianHoseini, A. (2014). State-of-the-art analysis of the environmental benefits of green roofs. Applied energy, 115, 411-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.047
  5. Buccolieri, R., Gatto, E., Manisco, M., Ippolito, F., Santiago, J. L., & Gao, Z. (2020). Characterization of urban greening in a district of Lecce (Southern Italy) for the analysis of CO2 storage and air pollutant dispersion. Atmosphere,11(9), 967. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090967
  6. Buccolieri, R., Salim, S. M., Leo, L. S., Di Sabatino, S., Chan, A., Ielpo, P., ... & Gromke, C. (2011). Analysis of local scale tree-atmosphere interaction on pollutant concentration in idealized street canyons and application to a real urban junction. Atmospheric Environment, 45(9), 1702-1713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.12.058
  7. Chen, L., Liu, C., Zhang, L., Zou, R., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Variation in tree species ability to capture and retain airborne fine particulate matter (PM 2.5). Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-016-0028-x
  8. Deng, S., Ma, J., Zhang, L., Jia, Z., & Ma, L. (2019). Microclimate simulation and model optimization of the effect of roadway green space on atmospheric particulate matter. Environmental Pollution, 246, 932-944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.026
  9. Gromke, C., & Blocken, B. (2015). Influence of avenue-trees on air quality at the urban neighborhood scale. Part II: Traffic pollutant concentrations at pedestrian level. Environmental Pollution, 196, 176-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.10.015
  10. Gromke, C., & Blocken, B. (2015). Influence of avenue-trees on air quality at the urban neighborhood scale. Part II: Traffic pollutant concentrations at pedestrian level. Environmental Pollution, 196, 176-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.10.015
  11. Guo, X. H., Dai, F., & Bi, S. B. (2018). Simulation Study and Evaluation the Impact of Road Greenbelt Layout on Particulate Matter Dispersion and Removal. China Landscape Architecture 25 (12): 75-80. In Chinese with English abstract.
  12. Hang, J., Li, Y., Sandberg, M., Buccolieri, R., & Di Sabatino, S. (2012). The influence of building height variability on pollutant dispersion and pedestrian ventilation in idealized high-rise urban areas. Building and Environment, 56, 346-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.03.023
  13. Hong, B., Lin, B., & Qin, H. (2017). Numerical investigation on the effect of avenue trees on PM2. 5 dispersion in urban street canyons.Atmosphere,8(7), 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8070129
  14. Hong, S. H. (2020). The effect of the green space in roadside and building height on the mitigation of concentration of particulate matters. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology,34(5), 466-482. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2020.34.5.466
  15. In Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference (p . 69-70). The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture.
  16. Irga, P. J., Burchett, M. D., & Torpy, F. R. (2015). Does urban forestry have a quantitative effect on ambient air quality in an urban environment?. Atmospheric Environment, 120, 173-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.050
  17. Jeanjean, A. P., Monks, P. S., & Leigh, R. J. (2016). Modelling the effectiveness of urban trees and grass on PM2. 5 reduction via dispersion and deposition at a city scale. Atmospheric Environment, 147, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.09.033
  18. Jo, H. K., Y. H. Cho and T. W. Ahn(2003) Effects of urban greenspace on improving atmospheric environment: Focusing on Jung-gu in Seoul. Environmental Research 20: 114-121.
  19. Karttunen, S., Kurppa, M., Auvinen, M., Hellsten, A., & Jarvi, L. (2020). Large-eddy simulation of the optimal street-tree layout for pedestrian-level aerosol particle concentrations-A case study from a city-boulevard. Atmospheric Environment: X, 6, 100073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2020.100073
  20. Kim, J. S.,& Lee, D. K.(2014) Cost-Benefit Analysis for Planting Type of Street Trees. J. Korean Env. Res. Tech, 17(6), 29-37.
  21. Kim, T. S.(2003) The Effect of Green Buffers in Urban Residential Areas for Reducing Air Pollution. Master's Thesis, Hanyang University. Korea. pp. 76
  22. Kim, Y. S., Shin, H. T., Lee, Y. H., & Park, Y. C., (1999) Conditions of the Pruned Parts of the Large Branches in Taegu. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology, 13(2), 160-166.
  23. Kong, S. Y., H. J. Bae, D. O. Yun, S. P. Hong and H. Y. Park(2012) A Study on the Health Impact and Management Policy of PM2.5 in Korea I. Korea Environment Institute. pp. 191.
  24. Kwon, Y. J., Lee, D. K., & Ahn, S, K.(2019) Urban Street Planting Scenarios Simulation for Micro-scale Urban Heat Island Effect Mitigation in Seoul. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment, 28(1), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.14249/EIA.2019.28.1.23
  25. Lee, S. H.(2007) A Comparison of the Models for explaining the Emotion-Improving Effects of the Index of Greenness. The korean Journal of Health Psychology, 12(1) 189-217
  26. Li, X., Chen, X., Yuan, X., Zeng, G., Leon, T., Liang, J., ... & Yuan, X. (2017). Characteristics of particulate pollution (PM2. 5 and PM10) and their spacescale-dependent relationships with meteorological elements in China. Sustainability, 9(12), 2330. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9122330
  27. Miao, C., Yu, S., Hu, Y., Bu, R., Qi, L., He, X., & Chen, W. (2020). How the morphology of urban street canyons affects suspended particulate matter concentration at the pedestrian level: An in-situ investigation. Sustainable Cities and Society, 55, 102042 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102042
  28. Moradpour, M., Afshin, H., & Farhanieh, B. (2017). A numerical investigation of reactive air pollutant dispersion in urban street canyons with tree planting. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 8(2), 253-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2016.09.002
  29. Morakinyo, T. E., Lam, Y. F., & Hao, S. (2016). Evaluating the role of green infrastructures on near-road pollutant dispersion and removal: Modelling and measurement. Journal of environmental management, 182, 595-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.077
  30. Nowak, D. J., Crane, D. E., & Stevens, J. C. (2006). Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban forestry & urban greening, 4(3-4), 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2006.01.007
  31. Park, D. G. and Y. S. Kim(1995) Noise attenuation by vegetation. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 23(2):205-211.
  32. Park, E. J. and K. I. Kang(2009) Quantification of CO2 Uptake by Urban Trees and Greenspace Management for C Sequestration. Gyeonggi Research Institute. pp. 15
  33. Raupach, M. R., Finnigan, J. J., & Brunet, Y. (1996). Coherent eddies and turbulence in vegetation canopies: the mixing-layer analogy. In Boundary-layer meteorology 25th anniversary volume, 1970-1995 (pp. 351-382). Springer, Dordrecht.
  34. Raupach, M. R., Finnigan, J. J., & Brunet, Y. (1996). Coherent eddies and turbulence in vegetation canopies: the mixing-layer analogy. In Boundary-layer meteorology 25th anniversary volume, 1970-1995 (p . 351-382). Springer, Dordrecht.
  35. SaGong JH.Ra JH and Cho HJ. 2007. Selection of the priority order for additional green spaces for urban park and green network. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture. 34(6): pp. 10-21.
  36. Santiago, J. L., Martilli, A., & Martin, F. (2017). On dry deposition modelling of atmospheric pollutants on vegetation at the microscale: Application to the impact of street vegetation on air quality. Boundary-layer meteorology, 162(3), 451-474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-016-0210-5
  37. Sinclair, K. E., Hess, G. R., Moorman, C. E., & Mason, J. H. (2005). Mammalian nest predators respond to greenway width, landscape context and habitat structure. Landscape and urban planning, 71(2-4), 277-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(04)00082-9
  38. Sung H-C. 2003. A Study on the Present Status of Urban Roadside Trees by Major Road Types: Focusing on 7 cities in Kyonggi Province, Journal of Korea Planning Association. 38(3): 245-257.
  39. Sung H-C. 2003. A Study on the Present Status of Urban Roadside Trees by Major Road Types: Focusing on 7 cities in Kyonggi Province, Journal of Korea Planning Association. 38(3): 245-257. [Korean Literature]
  40. Tallis, M., Taylor, G., Sinnett, D., & Freer-Smith, P. (2011). Estimating the removal of atmospheric particulate pollution by the urban tree canopy of London, under current and future environments. Landscape and Urban Planning, 103(2), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.07.003
  41. The influence of building height variability on pollutant dispersion and pedestrian ventilation in idealized high-rise urban areas Build. Environ., 56 (2012), pp. 346-360 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.03.023
  42. Vos, P. E., Maiheu, B., Vankerkom, J., & Janssen, S. (2013). Improving local air quality in cities: to tree or not to tree?. Environmental pollution, 183, 113-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2012.10.021
  43. Zhang J, Y. J. Zhang, X. Z. Fang, F. H. Li, L. Wu, and H. J. Mao (2017) Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Metallic Elements in PM2. 5 Fraction of Road Dust. Huanjing Kexue 38(10): 4071-4076.
  44. Gehring, U., Gruzieva, O., Agius, R. M., Beelen, R., Custovic, A., Cyrys, J., ... & Brunekreef, B. (2013). Air pollution exposure and lung function in children: the ESCAPE project. Environmental health perspectives, 121 (11-12), 1357-1364. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306770
  45. Urban Forest Landscape Department of Korea Forest Service. 2020. [Urban Forest] Roadside Tree Creation Management Manual. Research report to Korea Forest Service. (in Korean)
  46. Park greenary office of Suwon City. 2019. Fine Dust Reduction Urban Forest Creation Manual in Suwon City. Research report to Suwon City. (in Korean)
  47. Department of Climate and Atmosphere in Suwon. 2021. Suwon air environment analysis report. Research report to Suwon City. (in Korean) Environmental authorities of Suwon City. 2020. https://www.suwon.go.kr/web/safesuwon/air/pages/PD_info04.do#none.Research report to Suwon City. (in Korean)