Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Human Taeniasis and Cysticercosis and Related Factors in Phu Tho Province, Northern Vietnam

  • Binh, Vu Thi Lam (National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology (NIMPE)) ;
  • Dung, Do Trung (National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology (NIMPE)) ;
  • Vinh, Hoang Quang (National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology (NIMPE)) ;
  • Anke, Van Hul (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine) ;
  • Nicolas, Praet (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine) ;
  • Pierre, Dorny (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine) ;
  • Veronique, Dermauw (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine)
  • Received : 2021.02.25
  • Accepted : 2021.07.19
  • Published : 2021.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Several factors presumed to facilitate the transmission of Taenia spp. were reported in Vietnam. We conducted a cross-sectional study taking questionnaires from 1,185 participants, and collecting 1,151 sera and 1,036 stool samples in northern Vietnam. Sera were examined for circulating antigens of Taenia solium cysticerci using ELISA, stools for Taenia eggs by Kato-Katz smear, and copro-antigens by ELISA. Ag-ELISA revealed 4.6% antigen positivity, indicating infection with viable cysticerci. Taenia eggs were detected in 1.5% of participants. Copro-antigens were found in 2.8% of participants. Eating raw meat and/or vegetables was significantly associated with the presence of copro-antigen (OR=8.6, 95% CI: 1.16-63.9, P=0.01). Considering the high taeniasis prevalence and the associated threat, public health attention should be given to treat the tapeworm carriers in the projected areas.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank field staffs and study participants. This work was supported by the Belgian Directorate-General for Development Cooperation (DGD) within the DGD-ITM Framework Agreement 3.

References

  1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Health Organization. Multicriteria-Based Ranking for Risk Management of Food-Borne Parasites. FAO Headquarters. Rome, Italy. 2014.
  2. Carpio A. Review Neurocysticercosis: an update. Lancet Infect Dis 2002;2:751-762. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(02)00454-1
  3. Garcia HH, Gonzalez AE, Evans CA, Gilman RH. Taenia solium cysticerosis. Lancet 2003; 362: 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14117-7
  4. Carabin H, Ndimubanzi PC, Budke CM, Nguyen H, Qian Y, Cowan LD, Stoner JA, Rainwater E, Dickey M. Clinical manifestations associated with neurocysticercosis: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2011; 5: e1152. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001152
  5. Dorny P, Praet N, Deckers N, Gabriel S. Emerging food-borne parasites. Vet Parasitol 2009; 163: 196-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.026
  6. Bernard PN, Bablet J, Pons R. Les vers intestinaux en Cochinchine. Bull Soc Path exot 1924; 17: 577-582 (in French).
  7. Ng-Nguyen D, Stevenson MA, Traub RJ. A systematic review of taeniasis, cysticercosis and trichinellosis in Vietnam. Parasit Vectors. Parasit Vectors; 2017; 10: 150. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2085-9
  8. Verle P, Kongs A, De NV, Thieu NQ, Depraetere K, Kim HT, Dorny P. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in northern Vietnam. Trop Med Int Health 2003; 8: 961-964. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01123.x
  9. Erhart A, Dorny P, Van De N, Vien HV, Thach DC, Toan ND, Cong le D, Geerts S, Speybroeck N, Berkvens D, Brandt J. Taenia solium cysticercosis in a village in northern Viet Nam: sero-prevalence study using an ELISA for detecting circulating antigen. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2002; 96: 270-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/1s0035-9203(02)90095-7
  10. Somers R, Dorny P, Nguyen VK, Dang TC, Goddeeris B, Craig PS, Vercruysse J. Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in three communities in north Vietnam. Trop Med Int Health 2006; 11: 65-72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01537.x
  11. Ng-Nguyen D, Stevenson MA, Breen K, Phan TV, Nguyen VT, Vo TV, Traub RJ. The epidemiology of Taenia spp. infection and Taenia solium cysticerci exposure in humans in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. BMC Infect Dis. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18: 527. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s12879-018-3434-9
  12. Somers R, Dorny P, Geysen D, Nguyen LA, Thach DC, Vercruysse J, Nguyen VK. Human tapeworms in north Vietnam. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2007; 101: 275-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.04.007
  13. De N Van, Le TH, Lien PTH, Eom KS. Current Status of Taeniasis and Cysticercosis in Vietnam. Korean J Parasitol 2014; 52: 125-129. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.2.125
  14. Trung DD, Praet N, Cam TD, Lam BV, Manh HN, Gabriel S, Dorny P. Assessing the burden of human cysticercosis in Vietnam. Trop Med Int Health 2013; 18: 352-356. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12043
  15. Nguyen T, Cheong FW, Liew JWK, Lau YL. Seroprevalence of fascioliasis, toxocariasis, strongyloidiasis and cysticercosis in blood samples diagnosed in Medic Medical Center Laboratory, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in 2012. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9: 486. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1780-2
  16. Trieu HS. Study on genotype of pathogen, clinical, sub-clinical symptoms, treatment efficacy for taeniasis and cysticercosis patients in National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology 2007-2010. PhD thesis. 2012 (in Vietnamese).
  17. Lemeshow S, DW Hosmer Jr, Klar J, Lwanga SK. Adequacy of Sample Size in Health Studies. Chichester, England. John Wiley & Sons. 1990. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/41607
  18. World Health Organization. Basic Laboratory Methods in Medical Parasitology. Geneva, Switzerland. World Health Organization. 1991.
  19. Allan JC, Avila G, Garcia Noval J, Flisser A, Craig PS. Immunodiagnosis of taeniasis by coproantigen detection. Parasitology 1990; 101: 473-477. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000060686
  20. Mwape KE, Phiri IK, Praet N, Muma JB, Zulu G, Van den Bossche P, de Deken R, Speybroeck N, Dorny P, Gabriel S. Taenia solium infections in a rural area of Eastern Zambia-a community based study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6: e1594. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001594
  21. Dorny P, Phiri IK, Vercruysse J, Gabriel S, Willingham AL 3rd, Brandt J, Victor B, Speybroeck N, Berkvens D. A Bayesian approach for estimating values for prevalence and diagnostic test characteristics of porcine cysticercosis. Int J Parasitol 2004; 34: 569-576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2003.11.014
  22. R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. 2020. http://www.r-project.org/index.html
  23. Praet N, Verweij JJ, Mwape KE, Phiri IK, Muma JB, Zulu G, van Lieshout L, Rodriguez-Hidalgo R, Benitez-Ortiz W, Dorny P, Gabriel S. Bayesian modelling to estimate the test characteristics of coprology, coproantigen ELISA and a novel real-time PCR for the diagnosis of taeniasis. Trop Med Int Health 2013; 18: 608-614. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12089
  24. Allan JC, Velasquez-Tohom M, Torres-Alvarez R, Yurrita P, GarciaNoval J. Field trial of the coproantigen-based diagnosis of Taenia solium taeniasis by enzyme-linked immu- nosorbent assay. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996; 54: 352-356. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.352
  25. Tembo A, Craig PS. Taenia saginata taeniosis: copro-antigen time-course in a voluntary self-infection. J Helminthol 2015; 89: 612-619. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X14000455
  26. Ng-Nguyen D, Stevenson MA, Dorny P, Gabriel S, Vo TV, Nguyen VT, Phan TV, Hii SF, Traub RJ. Comparison of a new multiplex real-time PCR with the Kato Katz thick smear and coproantigen ELISA for the detection and differentiation of Taenia spp. in human stools. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005743
  27. Garcia HH, Castillo Y, Gonzales I, Bustos JA, Saavedra H, Jacob L, Del Brutto OH, Wilkins PP, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH. Low sensitivity and frequent cross-reactions in commercially available antibody detection ELISA assays for Taenia solium cysticercosis. Trop Med Int Health 2018; 23: 101-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13010
  28. Nguyen TTM, Dermauw V, Noh J, Chien NH, Dao TTH, Nguyen TGT, Van Hul A, Dorny P. Occurrence of Taenia species in pigs in slaughterhouses in Phu Tho Province, northern Vietnam. J Helminthol 2020; 94: e201. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X20000863
  29. Nguyen Thi Thuy M, Dorny P, Lebailly P, Le Thi Minh C, Nguyen Thi Thu H, Dermauw V. Mapping the pork value chain in Vietnam : a systematic review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52: 2799-2808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02338-y