Advances in materials Research

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

New solution for damaged porous RC cantilever beams strengthening by composite plate

  • Received : 2020.04.06
  • Accepted : 2021.04.30
  • Published : 2021.09.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This research presents a careful theoretical investigation on interfacial stresses in damaged porous RC cantilever beams strengthened with externally bonded composite plate (several types of composites have been used). The model is based on equilibrium and deformations compatibility requirements in and all parts of the strengthened cantilever beam, i.e., the damaged porous concrete cantilever beam, the perfect and/or imperfect composite plate and the adhesive layer. The analytical predictions are compared with other existing solutions and which shows a very good agreement of the results. It is shown that both the normal and shear stresses at the interface are influenced by the material and geometry parameters of the composite beam. In the end, I think this research is very useful for understanding the mechanical behavior of the interface and the design of the hybrid structures.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MESRS) as part of the grant for the PRFU research project n° A01L02UN140120200002 and by the University of Tiaret, in Algeria.

References

  1. Abdelhak, Z., Hadji, L., Daouadji, T.H. and Adda Bedia, E.A. (2016), "Thermal buckling response of functionally graded sandwich plates with clamped boundary conditions", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 18(2), 267-291. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.18.2.267
  2. Abderezak, R., Daouadji, T.H., Rabia, B. and Belkacem, A. (2018a), "Nonlinear analysis of damaged RC beams strengthened with glass fiber reinforced polymer plate under symmetric loads", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 15(2), 113-122. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.2.113
  3. Abderezak, R., Daouadji, T.H., Abbes, B., Rabia, B., Belkacem, A. and Abbes, F. (2018b), "Elastic analysis of interfacial stress concentrations in CFRP-RC hybrid beams: Effect of creep and shrinkage", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 6(3), 257-278. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2017.6.3.257
  4. Abderezak, R., Rabia, B., Daouadji, T.H., Abbes, B., Belkacem, A. and Abbes, F. (2019), "Elastic analysis of interfacial stresses in prestressed PFGM-RC hybrid beams", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 7(2), 83-103. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2018.7.2.083
  5. Abderezak, R., Daouadji, T.H. and Rabia, B. (2020), "Analysis of interfacial stresses of the reinforced concrete foundation beams repairing with composite materials plate", Coupl. Syst. Mech., Int. J., 9(5), 473-498. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/csm.2020.9.5.473
  6. Abderezak, R., Daouadji, T.H. and Rabia, B. (2021a), "Aluminum beam reinforced by externally bonded composite materials", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 10(1), 23-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/amr.2021.10.1.023
  7. Abderezak, R., Daouadji, T.H. and Rabia, B. (2021b), "Modeling and analysis of the imperfect FGM-damaged RC hybrid beams", Adv. Computat. Des., Int. J., 6(2), 117-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/acd.2021.6.2.117
  8. Abualnour, M., Chikh, A., Hebali, H., Kaci, A., Tounsi, A., Bousahla, A.A. and Tounsi, A. (2019), "Thermomechanical analysis of antisymmetric laminated reinforced composite plates using a new four variable trigonometric refined plate theory", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 24(6), 489-498. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.6.489
  9. Adim, B., Daouadji, T.H. and Abbes, B. (2016a), "Buckling analysis of anti-symmetric cross-ply laminated composite plates under different boundary conditions", Int. Appl. Mech., 52(6), 126-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10778-016-0787-x
  10. Adim, B., Daouadji, T.H., Abbes, B. and Rabahi, A. (2016b), "Buckling and free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates using an efficient and simple higher order shear deformation theory", Mech. Indust., 17, 512. https://doi.org/10.1051/meca/2015112
  11. Adim, B., Daouadji, T.H., Rabia, B. and Hadji, L. (2016c), "An efficient and simple higher order shear deformation theory for bending analysis of composite plates under various boundary conditions", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 11(1), 63-82. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.11.1.063
  12. Aicha, K., Rabia, B., Daouadji, T.H. and Bouzidene, A. (2020), "Effect of porosity distribution rate for bending analysis of imperfect FGM plates resting on Winkler-Pasternak foundations under various boundary conditions", Coupl. Syst. Mech., Int. J., 9(6), 575-597. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/csm.2020.9.6.575
  13. AkhavanAlavi, S.M., Mohammadimehr, M. and Edjtahed, S.H. (2019), "Active control of micro Reddy beam integrated with functionally graded nanocomposite sensor and actuator based on linear quadratic regulator method", Eur. J. Mech. A/Solids, 74, 449-461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2018.12.008
  14. Alambeigi, K., Mohammadimehr, M., Bamdad, M. and Rabczuk, T. (2020), "Free and forced vibration analysis of a sandwich beam considering porous core and SMA hybrid composite face layers on Vlasov's foundation", Acta Mechanica, Article 231, 3199-3218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-020-02697-5
  15. Alimirzaei, S., Mohammadimehr, M. and Tounsi, A. (2019), "Nonlinear analysis of viscoelastic micro-composite beam with geometrical imperfection using FEM: MSGT electro-magneto-elastic bending, buckling and vibration solutions", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 71(5), 485-502. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.71.5.485
  16. Antar, K., Amara, K., Benyoucef, S., Bouazza, M. and Ellali, M. (2019), "Hygrothermal effects on the behavior of reinforced-concrete beams strengthened by bonded composite laminate plates", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 69(3), 327-334. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.69.3.327
  17. Atmane, H.A., Tounsi, A. and Bernard, F. (2015), "Effect of thickness stretching and porosity on mechanical response of a functionally graded beams resting on elastic foundations", Int. J. Mech. Mater. Des., 13(1), 71-84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10999-015-9318-x
  18. Babaeeian, M. and Mohammadimehr, M. (2020), "Investigation of the time elapsed effect on residual stress measurement in a composite plate by DIC method", Optics Lasers Eng., 128, 106002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106002
  19. Belkacem, A., Tahar, H.D., Abderrezak, R., Amine, B.M., Mohamed, Z. and Boussad, A. (2018), "Mechanical buckling analysis of hybrid laminated composite plates under different boundary conditions", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 66(6), 761-769. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.66.6.761
  20. Benferhat, R., Daouadji, T.H., Mansour, M.S. and Hadji, L. (2016a), "Effect of porosity on the bending and free vibration response of functionally graded plates resting on Winkler-Pasternak foundations", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 10(6), 1429-1449. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.10.6.1429
  21. Benferhat, R., Daouadji, T.H. and Adim, B. (2016b), "A novel higher order shear deformation theory based on the neutral surface concept of FGM plate under transverse load", Adv. Mater. Res, Int. J., 5(2), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2016.5.2.107
  22. Benferhat, R., Daouadji, T.H. and Mansour, M.S. (2016c), "Free vibration analysis of FG plates resting on the elastic foundation and based on the neutral surface concept using higher order shear deformation theory", Comptes Rendus Mecanique, 344(9), 631-641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crme.2016.03.002.
  23. Benferhat, R., Daouadji, T.H. and Abderezak, R. (2021), "Effect of porosity on fundamental frequencies of FGM sandwich plates", Compos. Mater. Eng., 3(1), 25-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cme.2021.3.1.025
  24. Benhenni, M.A., Daouadji, T.H., Abbes, B., Adim, B., Li, Y. and Abbes, F. (2018), "Dynamic analysis for anti-symmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminates for simply supported thick hybrid rectangular plates" Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 7(2), 83-103. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2018.7.2.119
  25. Benhenni, M.A., Daouadji, T.H., Abbes, B., Abbes, F., Li, Y. and Adim, B. (2019), "Numerical analysis for free vibration of hybrid laminated composite plates for different boundary conditions", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 70(5), 535-549. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.70.5.535
  26. Bensattalah, T., Zidour, M. and Daouadji, T.H. (2018), "Analytical analysis for the forced vibration of CNT surrounding elastic medium including thermal effect using nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli theory", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 7(3), 163-174. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2018.7.3.163
  27. Benyoucef, S., Tounsi, A., Meftah, S.A. and Adda-Bedia, E.A. (2007), "Approximate analysis of the interfacial stress concentrations in FRP-RC hybrid beams", Compos. Interf., 13(7), 561-571. https://doi.org/10.1163/156855406778440758
  28. Bouakaz, K., Daouadji, T.H., Meftah, S.A., Ameur, M., Tounsi, A. and Bedia, E.A. (2014), "A numerical analysis of steel beams strengthened with composite materials", Mech. Compos. Mater., 50(4), 685-696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11029-014-9435-x
  29. Boulal, A., Bensattalah, T., Karas, A., Zidour, M., Heireche, H. and Adda Bedia, E.A. (2020), "Buckling of carbon nanotube reinforced composite plates supported by Kerr foundation using Hamilton's energy principle", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 73(2), 209-223. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.9.73.209
  30. Chedad, A., Daouadji, T.H., Abderezak, R., Belkacem, A., Abbes, B., Rabia, B. and Abbes, F. (2018), "A high-order closed-form solution for interfacial stresses in externally sandwich FGM plated RC beams", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 6(4), 317-328. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2017.6.4.317
  31. Chergui, S., Daouadji, T.H., Hamrat, M., Boulekbache, B., Bougara, A., Abbes, B. and Amziane, S. (2019), "Interfacial stresses in damaged RC beams strengthened by externally bonded prestressed GFRP laminate plate: Analytical and numerical study", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 8(3), 197-217. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2019.8.3.197
  32. Chikr, S.C., Kaci, A., Yeghnem, R. and Tounsi, A. (2019), "A new higher-order shear and normal deformation theory for the buckling analysis of new type of FGM sandwich plates", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 72(5), 653-673. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.72.5.653
  33. Daouadji, T.H. (2013), "Analytical analysis of the interfacial stress in damaged reinforced concrete beams strengthened by bonded composite plates", Strength Mater., 45(5), 587-597. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11223-013-9496-4
  34. Daouadji, H.T. (2017), "Analytical and numerical modeling of interfacial stresses in beams bonded with a thin plate", Adv. Computat. Des., Int. J., 2(1), 57-69. https://doi.org/10.12989/acd.2017.2.1.057
  35. Daouadji, H.T., Benyoucef, S., Tounsi, A., Benrahou, K.H. and Bedia, A.E. (2008), "Interfacial stress concentrations in FRP-damaged RC hybrid beams", Compos. Interf., 15(4), 425-440. https://doi.org/10.1163/156855408784514702
  36. Daouadji, T.H., Rabahi, A., Abbes, B. and Adim, B. (2016a), "Theoretical and finite element studies of interfacial stresses in reinforced concrete beams strengthened by externally FRP laminates plate", J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 30(12), 1253-1280. https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2016.1140703
  37. Daouadji, T.H., Chedad, A. and Adim, B. (2016b), "Interfacial stresses in RC beam bonded with a functionally graded material plate", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 60(4), 693-705. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.60.4.693
  38. Ghorbanpour Arani, A., Rousta Navi, B. and Mohammadimehr, M. (2016), "Surface stress and agglomeration effects on nonlocal biaxial buckling polymeric nanocomposite plate reinforced by CNT using various approaches",Adv. Compos. Mater.,Int. J., 25(5), 423-441. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2015.1052189
  39. Guenaneche, B. and Tounsi, A. (2014), "Effect of shear deformation on interfacial stress analysis in plated beams under arbitrary loading", Adhes. Adhes., 48, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2013.09.016
  40. Hadj, B., Rabia, B. and Daouadji, T.H. (2019), "Influence of the distribution shape of porosity on the bending FGM new plate model resting on elastic foundations", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 72(1), 823-832. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.72.1.061
  41. Hadj, B., Rabia, B. and Daouadji, T.H. (2021), "Vibration analysis of porous FGM plate resting on elastic foundations: Effect of the distribution shape of porosity", Coupl. Syst. Mech., Int. J., 10(1), 61-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/csm.2021.10.1.061
  42. Hamrat, M., Bouziadi, F., Boulekbache, B., Daouadji, T.H., Chergui, S., Labed, A. and Amziane, S. (2020), "Experimental and numerical investigation on the deflection behavior of pre-cracked and repaired reinforced concrete beams with fiber-reinforced polymer", Constr. Build. Mater., 249, 118745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118745
  43. He, X.J., Zhou, C.Y. and Wang, Y. (2019), "Interfacial stresses in reinforced concrete cantilever members strengthened with fibre-reinforced polymer laminates", Adv. Struct. Eng., 23(2), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433219868933
  44. Hussain, M., Naeem, M.N., Taj, M. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Simulating vibrations of vibration of single-walled carbon nanotube using Rayleigh-Ritz's method", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(3), 215-228. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.3.215
  45. Krour, B., Bernard, F. and Tounsi, A. (2014), "Fibers orientation optimization for concrete beam strengthened with a CFRP bonded plate: A coupled analytical-numerical investigation", Eng. Struct., 56, 218-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.05.008
  46. Mahi, B.E., Benrahou, K.H., Belakhdar, K., Tounsi, A. and Bedia, E.A. (2014), "Effect of the tapered end of a FRP plate on the interfacial stresses in a strengthened beam used in civil engineering applications", Mech. Compos. Mater., 50(4), 465-474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11029-014-9433-z
  47. Mazars, J. and Pijaudier-Cabot, G. (1996), "From damage to fracture mechanics and conversely: A combined approach", Int. J. Solids Struct., 33(20), 3327-3342. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(96)00015-7
  48. Mohammadimehr, M. and Alimirzaei, S. (2016), "Nonlinear static and vibration analysis of Euler-Bernoulli composite beam model reinforced by FG-SWCNT with initial geometrical imperfection using FEM", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 59(3), 431-454. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.59.3.431
  49. Mohammadimehr, M. and Mehrabi, M. (2018), "Electro-thermo-mechanical vibration and stability analyses of double-bonded micro composite sandwich piezoelectric tubes conveying fluid flow", Appl. Mathe. Modell., 60, 255-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2018.03.008
  50. Mohammadimehr, M. and Meskini, M. (2020), "Analysis of porous micro sandwich plate: Free and forced vibration under magneto-electro-elastic loadings", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.1.069
  51. Mohammadimehr, M. and Shahedi, S. (2016), "Nonlinear magneto-electro-mechanical vibration analysis of double-bonded sandwich Timoshenko microbeams based on MSGT using GDQM", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 21(1), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.21.1.001
  52. Mohammadimehr, M., Mohammadimehr, M.A. and Dashti, P. (2016a), "Size-dependent effect on biaxial and shear nonlinear buckling analysis of nonlocal isotropic and orthotropic micro-plate based on surface stress and modified couple stress theories using differential quadrature method", Appl. Mathe. Mech., 37(4), 529-554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-016-2045-9
  53. Mohammadimehr, M., Farahi, M.J. and Alimirzaei, S. (2016b), "Vibration and wave propagation analysis of twisted micro-beam using strain gradient theory", Appl. Mathe. Mech., 37(10), 1375-1392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-016-2138-9
  54. Mohammadimehr, M., Shahedi, S. and Rousta Navi, B. (2017a), "Nonlinear vibration analysis of FG-CNTRC sandwich Timoshenko beam based on modified couple stress theory subjected to longitudinal magnetic field using generalized differential quadrature method", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: J. Mech. Eng. Sci., 231(20), 3866-3885. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406216653622
  55. Mohammadimehr, M., Navi, B.R. and Arani, A.G. (2017b), "Dynamic stability of modified strain gradient theory sinusoidal viscoelastic piezoelectric polymeric functionally graded single-walled carbon nanotubes reinforced nanocomposite plate considering surface stress and agglomeration effects under hydro-thermo-electro-magneto-mechanical loadings", Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct., 24(16), 1325-1342. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2016.1227507
  56. Mohammadimehr, M., Mohammadi-Dehabadi, A.A. and Maraghi, Z.K. (2017c), "The effect of non-local higher order stress to predict the nonlinear vibration behavior of carbon nanotube conveying viscous nanoflow", Physica B: Condens. Matt., 510, 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2017.01.0140
  57. Mohammadimehr, M., Mohammadi-Dehabadi, A.A., Akhavan Alavi, S.M., Alambeigi, K., Bamdad, M., Yazdani, R. and Hanifehlou, S. (2018a), "Bending, buckling, and free vibration analyses of carbon nanotube reinforced composite beams and experimental tensile test to obtain the mechanical properties of nanocomposite", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 29(3), 405-422. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.29.3.405
  58. Mohammadimehr, M., Nejad, E.S. and Mehrabi, M. (2018b), "Buckling and vibration analyses of MGSGT double-bonded micro composite sandwich SSDT plates reinforced by CNTs and BNNTs with isotropic foam & flexible transversely orthotropic cores", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 65(4), 491-504. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.65.4.491
  59. Mohammadimehr, M., Mehrabi, M., Hadizadeh, H. and Hadizadeh, H. (2018c), "Surface and size dependent effects on static, buckling, and vibration of micro composite beam under thermo-magnetic fields based on strain gradient theory", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 26(4), 513-531. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.26.4.513
  60. Mohammadimehr, M., Emdadi, M. and Rousta Navi, B. (2020), "Dynamic stability analysis of microcomposite annular sandwich plate with carbon nanotube reinforced composite facesheets based on modified strain gradient theory", J. Sandw. Struct. Mater., 22(4), 1199-1234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099636218782770
  61. Nejadi, M.M. and Mohammadimehr, M. (2020), "Buckling analysis of nano composite sandwich Euler-Bernoulli beam considering porosity distribution on elastic foundation using DQM", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.1.059
  62. Panjehpour, M., Ali, A.A.A., Voo, Y.L. and Aznieta, F.N. (2014), "Effective compressive strength of strut in CFRP-strengthened reinforced concrete deep beams following ACI 318-11", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 13(1), 135-165. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2014.13.1.135
  63. Panjehpour, M., Farzadnia, N., Demirboga, R. and Ali, A.A.A. (2016), "Behavior of high-strength concrete cylinders repaired with CFRP sheets", J. Civil Eng. Manage., 22(1), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.897965
  64. Rabahi, A., Daouadji, T.H., Abbes, B. and Adim, B. (2016), "Analytical and numerical solution of the interfacial stress in reinforced-concrete beams reinforced with bonded prestressed composite plate", J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 35(3), 258-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684415613633
  65. Rabia, B., Abderezak, R., Daouadji, T.H., Abbes, B., Belkacem, A. and Abbes, F. (2018), "Analytical analysis of the interfacial shear stress in RC beams strengthened with prestressed exponentially-varying properties plate", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 7(1), 29-44. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2018.7.1.029
  66. Rabia, B., Daouadji, T.H. and Abderezak, R. (2019), "Effect of distribution shape of the porosity on the interfacial stresses of the FGM beam strengthened with FRP plate", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 16(5), 601-609. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.5.601
  67. Rabia, B., Daouadji, T.H. and Abderezak, R. (2021), "Effect of air bubbles in concrete on the mechanical behavior of RC beams strengthened in flexion by externally bonded FRP plates under uniformly distributed loading", Compos. Mater. Eng., 3(1), 41-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cme.2021.3.1.041
  68. Rabahi, A., Adim, B., Chargui, S. and Daouadji, T.H. (2014), "Interfacial stresses in FRP-plated RC beams: effect of adherend shear deformations", Proceedings of Conference on Multiphysics Modelling and Simulation for Systems Design, Volume 2, pp. 317-326. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14532-7_33
  69. Rajabi, J. and Mohammadimehr, M. (2019), "Bending analysis of a micro sandwich skew plate using extended Kantorovich method based on Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approach", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 23(5), 361-376. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.23.5.361
  70. Rostami, R. and Mohammadimehr, M. (2020), "Vibration control of rotating sandwich cylindrical shell-reinforced nanocomposite face sheet and porous core integrated with functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic layers", Eng. Comput., 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-020-01052-5
  71. Shahedi, S. and Mohammadimehr, M. (2020), "Nonlinear high-order dynamic stability of AL-foam flexible cored sandwich beam with variable mechanical properties and carbon nanotubes-reinforced composite face sheets in thermal environment", J. Sandw. Struct. Mater., 22(2), 248-302. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099636217738908
  72. Sharif, A.M., Assi, N.A. and Al-Osta, M.A. (2020), "Use of UHPC slab for continuous composite steel-concrete girders", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 34(3), 321-332. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.3.321
  73. Smith, S.T. and Teng, J.G. (2002), "Interfacial stresses in plated beams", Eng. Struct., 23(7), 857-871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(00)00090-0
  74. Tahar, H.D., Boussad, A., Abderezak, R., Rabia, B., Fazilay, A. and Belkacem, A. (2019), "Flexural behaviour of steel beams reinforced by carbon fibre reinforced polymer: Experimental and numerical study", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 72(4), 409-419. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.72.4.409
  75. Tahar, H.D., Abderezak, R. and Rabia, B. (2020), "Flexural performance of wooden beams strengthened by composite plate", Struct. Monitor. Maint., Int. J., 7(3), 233-259. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/smm.2020.7.3.233
  76. Tayeb, B. and Daouadji, T.H. (2020), "Improved analytical solution for slip and interfacial stress in composite steel-concrete beam bonded with an adhesive", Adv. Mater. Res., Int. J., 9(2), 133-153. https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2020.9.2.133
  77. Tayeb, T.S., Zidour, M., Bensattalah, T., Heireche, H., Benahmed, A. and Bedia, E.A. (2020), "Mechanical buckling of FG-CNTs reinforced composite plate with parabolic distribution using Hamilton's energy principle", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(2), 135-148. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.2.135
  78. Tlidji, Y., Benferhat, R. and Tahar, H.D. (2021), "Study and analysis of the free vibration for FGM microbeam containing various distribution shape of porosity", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 77(2), 217-229. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.2.217
  79. Tounsi, A. (2006), "Improved theoretical solution for interfacial stresses in concrete beams strengthened with FRP plate", Int. J. Solids Struct., 43(14-15), 4154-4174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.03.074
  80. Tounsi, A., Daouadji, T.H. and Benyoucef, S. (2008), "Interfacial stresses in FRP-plated RC beams: Effect of adherend shear deformations", Int. J. Adhes. Adhes., 29, 313-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2008.06.008
  81. Tounsi, A., Al-Dulaijan, S.U., Al-Osta, M.A., Chikh, A., Al-Zahrani, M.M., Sharif, A. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "A four variable trigonometric integral plate theory for hygro-thermo-mechanical bending analysis of AFG ceramic-metal plates resting on a two-parameter elastic foundation", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 34(4), 511-524. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.4.511
  82. Yang, J. and Wu, Y.F. (2007), "Interfacial stresses of FRP strengthened concrete beams: Effect of shear deformation", Compos. Struct., 80, 343-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.05.016
  83. Zohra, A., Benferhat, R., Tahar, H.D. and Tounsi, A. (2021), "Analysis on the buckling of imperfect functionally graded sandwich plates using new modified power-law formulations", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 77(6), 797-807. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.6.797