Steel and Composite Structures

  • 제40권3호
  • /
  • Pages.369-387
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1229-9367(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6233(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Energy factor of high-strength-steel frames with energy dissipation bays under repeated near-field earthquakes

  • Ke, Ke (Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Chongqing University) ;
  • Yam, Michael CH (Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University) ;
  • Zhou, Xuhong (Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Chongqing University) ;
  • Wang, Fuming (Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Chongqing University) ;
  • Xu, Fei (Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Chongqing University)
  • 투고 : 2020.04.14
  • 심사 : 2021.07.08
  • 발행 : 2021.08.10
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This investigation contributes to quantification of the inelastic seismic demands for high strength steel moment resisting frames equipped with energy dissipation bays (HSSF-EDBs) subjected to seismic sequences composed of repeated near-field ground motions. The emphasis is placed on the energy factor demand. A statistical examination of a database with more than eighty million energy factor demands of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) oscillators representing HSSF-EDBs responding in different yielding stages is conducted. The research findings show that in the damage-control stage, the energy factor which quantifies the peak seismic demand of a HSSF-EDB structure is insensitive to the repeated near-field earthquake motions. In contrast, a remarkable elevation of the energy factor is observed when oscillators characterising HSSF-EDBs progress into the ultimate stage. In addition, an increasing post-yielding stiffness ratio of the nonlinear force-displacement response in the damage-control stage may produce a detrimental effect on HSSF-EDBs progressing into the ultimate stage under repeated near-field earthquakes due to the corresponding evident increase of seismic demands. A nonlinear regression model quantifying the mean energy factor demand of the system under repeated near-field earthquake motions is proposed to facilitate performance-based seismic design of HSSF-EDBs.

키워드

과제정보

This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51890902 and 51708197) and the Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Steel Construction, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Project No.1-BBV4). The first author is deeply appreciative of his grandfather, Mr Yuan Guangqi, for his constant support.

참고문헌

  1. Amadio, C., Fragiacomo, M. and Rajgelj, S. (2003), "The effects of repeated earthquake ground motions on the non-linear response of SDOF systems", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 32, 291-308. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.225.
  2. Atlayan, O. and Charney, F.A. (2014), "Hybrid buckling-restrained braced frames", J. Constr. Steel Res., 96, 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.01.001.
  3. Aslani, F., Uy, B., Tao, Z. and Mashiri, F. (2015), "Behaviour and design of composite columns incorporating compact high-strength steel plates", J. Constr. Steel Res., 107, 94-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.01.005.
  4. AISC (2010), Prequalified Connections for Special and Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications, ANSI/AISC 358-10. American Institute for Steel Construction; Chicago, USA.
  5. ABAQUS Analysis User's Manual. ABAQUS Standard, Version 6.12; 2012
  6. Bjorhovde, R. (2010), "Performance and design issues for high strength steel in structures", Adv. Struct. Eng., 13(3), 403-411. https://doi.org/10.1260%2F1369-4332.13.3.403. https://doi.org/10.1260%2F1369-4332.13.3.403
  7. Bai, J., Zhang, J., Jin, S., Du, K. and Wang, Y.H. (2021), "A multimodal-analysis-based simplified seismic design method for high-rise frame-steel plate shear wall dual structures". J. Constr. Steel Res., 177, 106484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106484.
  8. Chouhan, R.K.S. and Srivastava, V.K. (1970), "Global variation of 'b' in the gutenberg richter's relation 'LogN= a- bM' with depth", Pure Appl. Geophys., 82, 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00876175.
  9. Connor, J.J., Wada, A., Iwata, M. and Huang, Y.H. (1997), "Damage-controlled structures. I: Preliminary design methodology for seismically active regions", J. Struct. Eng., 123(4), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:4(423).
  10. Chopra, A.K. and Chintanapakdee, C. (2001), "Comparing response of SDF systems to near-fault and far-fault earthquake motions in the context of spectral regions", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 30(12), 1769-1789. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.92.
  11. Chopra, A.K. and Chintanapakdee, C. (2004), "Inelastic Deformation Ratios for Design and Evaluation of Structures: Single-Degree-of-Freedom Bilinear Systems", J. Struct. Eng., 130(9), 1309-1319. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:9(1309).
  12. Chopra, A.K., Goel, R.K. and Chintanapakdee, C. (2004), "Evaluation of a Modified MPA Procedure Assuming Higher Modes as Elastic to Estimate Seismic Demands", Earthq. Spectra, 20(3), 757-778. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1775237.
  13. CMC (2010), Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011-2010). China Ministry of Construction; Beijing, China.
  14. Chen, Y. and Ke, K. (2019), "Seismic performance of high-strength-steel frame equipped with sacrificial beams of noncompact sections in energy dissipation bays", Thin-Wall. Struct., 139, 169-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.02.035.
  15. Dubina, D., Stratan, A. and Dinu, F. (2008), "Dual high-strength steel eccentrically braced frames with removable links", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 37(15), 1703-1720. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.828.
  16. Di Sarno, L. (2013), "Effects of multiple earthquakes on inelastic structural response", Eng. Struct., 56(6), 673-681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.05.041.
  17. Elnashai, A.S., Bommer, J.J. and Martinez-Pereira, A. (1998), "Engineering implications of strong-motion records from recent earthquakes", Proceedings of the 11th European conference on earthquake engineering, Paris, France, September.
  18. Erochko, J., Christopoulos, C., Tremblay, R. and Choi, H. (2011), "Residual drift response of SMRFs and BRB frames in steel buildings designed according to ASCE 7-05", J. Struct. Eng., 137(5), 589-599. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000296.
  19. Fragiacomo, M., Amadio, C. and Macorini, L. (2004), "Seismic response of steel frames under repeated earthquake ground motions", Eng. Struct., 26(13), 2021-2035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.08.005.
  20. Fakhraddini, A., Fadaee, M.J. and Saffari, H. (2018), "A lateral load pattern based on energy evaluation for eccentrically braced frames", Steel Compos. Struct., 27(5), 623-632. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.27.5.623.
  21. Fang, H. and Chan, T.M. (2019), "Buckling resistance of welded high-strength-steel box-section members under combined compression and bending", J. Constr. Steel Res., 162, 105711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.105711.
  22. Fang, H., Chan, T.M. and Young, B. (2021) "Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Octagonal High-Strength Steel Tubular Stub Columns under Combined Compression and Bending", J. Struct. Eng., 147(1), 04020282. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002848.
  23. Gutenberg, B. and Richter, C.F. (1954), Seismicity of the earth and associated phenomena, (2nd ed.), Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, USA.
  24. Goel, S.C., Liao, W.C., Reza Bayat, M. and Chao, S.H. (2010), "Performance-based plastic design (PBPD) method for earthquake-resistant structures: an overview", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 19(1-2), 115-137. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.547.
  25. Ganjavi, B., Hadinejad, A. and Jafarieh, A.H. (2019), "Evaluation of ground motion scaling methods on drift demands of energy-based plastic designed steel frames under near-fault pulse-type earthquakes", Steel Compos. Struct., 32(1), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.32.1.091.
  26. Housner, G.W. (1956), "Limit design of structures to resist earthquakes", Proceedings of the 1st World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Oakland, Calif, USA.
  27. Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. and Beskos, D.E. (2009), "Inelastic displacement ratios for SDOF structures subjected to repeated earthquakes", Eng. Struct., 31(11), 2744-2755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.07.002.
  28. Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. (2010a), "Ductility demand spectra for multiple near- and far-fault earthquakes", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 30(4), 170-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2009.10.003.
  29. Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. (2010b), "Behavior factors for nonlinear structures subjected to multiple near-fault earthquakes", Comput. Struct., 88(5), 309-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2009.11.006.
  30. Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. and Liolios, A.A. (2010), "Nonlinear behaviour of RC frames under repeated strong ground motions", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 30(10), 1010-1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.04.013.
  31. Hu, F., Shi, G. and Shi, Y. (2017), "Experimental study on seismic behavior of high strength steel frames: Global response", Eng. Struct., 131, 163-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.013.
  32. Hu, F. and Shi, G. (2018), "Constitutive model for full-range cyclic behavior of high strength steels without yield plateau", Constr. Build. Mater., 162, 596-607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.11.128.
  33. Hai, L.T., Sun, F.F., Zhao, C., Li, G.Q. and Wang, Y.B. (2018), "Experimental cyclic behavior and constitutive modeling of high strength structural steels", Constr. Build. Mater., 189, 1264-1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.028.
  34. He, X., Ke, K., Guo, L., Yam, M.C. and Wang, Z. (2021), "A replaceable fuse steel-concrete composite connection: force transfer mechanism and design considerations", J. Constr. Steel Res., 183(1), 106760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106760.
  35. Kawashima, K., MacRae, G.A., Hoshikuma, J.I. and Nagaya, K. (1998), "Residual displacement response spectrum", J. Struct. Eng., 124, 523-530. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:5(523).
  36. Kharmale, S.B. and Ghosh, S. (2013), "Performance-based plastic design of steel plate shear walls", J. Constr. Steel Res., 90, 85-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.07.029.
  37. Ke, K. and Chen, Y. (2016), "Seismic performance of MRFs with high strength steel main frames and EDBs", J. Constr. Steel Res., 126, 214-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.07.003.
  38. Ke, K. and Yam, M.C. (2016), "Energy-factor-based damagecontrol evaluation of steel MRF systems with fuses", Steel Compos. Struct., 22(3), 589-611. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.22.3.589.
  39. Ke, K., Yam, M.C. and Ke, S. (2017), "A dual-energy-demand-indices-based evaluation procedure of damage-control frame structures with energy dissipation fuses", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 95, 61-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.01.025.
  40. Ke, K. and Yam, M.C. (2018), "A performance-based damage-control design procedure of hybrid steel MRFs with EDBs", J. Constr. Steel Res., 143, 46-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.12.011.
  41. Ke, K., Yam, M.C., Deng, L. and Zhao, Q. (2018a), "A modified DEB procedure for estimating seismic demands of multi-mode-sensitive damage-control HSSF-EDBs", J. Constr. Steel Res.,. 150, 329-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.08.024.
  42. Ke, K., Zhao, Q., Yam, M.C. and Ke, S. (2018b), "Energy factors of trilinear SDOF systems representing damage-control buildings with energy dissipation fuses subjected to near-fault earthquakes", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 107, 20-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.12.023.
  43. Ke, K., Yam, M.C., Zhang, H., Lam, A. and Zhou, X. (2020), "High-strength steel frames with SMA connections in self-centring energy-dissipation bays: insights and a multimodal nonlinear static procedure", Smart Mater. Struct., 29(12), 125020. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/abc147.
  44. Kang, L., Wang, Y., Liu, X. and Uy, B. (2019), "Investigation of residual stresses of hybrid normal and high strength steel (HNHSS) welded box sections", Steel Compos. Struct., 33(4), 489-507. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.4.489.
  45. Lee, S.S., Goel, S.C. and Chao, S.H. (2001), "Performance-based design of steel moment frames using target drift and yield mechanism", Research Report No. UMCEE 01-17; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
  46. Leelataviwat, S., Saewon, W. and Goel, S.C. (2009), "Application of energy balance concept in seismic evaluation of structures", J. Struct. Eng., 135(2), 113-121. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:2(113).
  47. Lian, M., Su, M. and Guo, Y. (2017), "Experimental performance of Y-shaped eccentrically braced frames fabricated with high strength steel", Steel Compos. Struct., 24(4), 441-453. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.24.4.441.
  48. Li, D., Uy, B. and Wang, J. (2019), "Behaviour and design of high-strength steel beam-to-column joints", Steel Compos. Struct., 31(3), 303-317. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.31.3.303.
  49. MacRae, G.A. and Kawashima, K. (1997), "Post-earthquake residual displacements of bilinear oscillators", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 26(7), 701-716. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199707)26:7%3C701::-AID-EQE671%3E3.0.CO;2-I.
  50. Miki, C., Homma, K. and Tominaga, T. (2002), "High strength and high performance steels and their use in bridge structures", J. Constr. Steel Res., 58(1), 3-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(01)00028-1.
  51. Mortezaie, H. and Rezaie, F. (2018), "Effect of soil in controlling the seismic response of three-dimensional PBPD high-rise concrete structures", Struct. Eng. Mech., 66(2), 217-227. http://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.66.2.217.
  52. Newmark, N.M. and Hall, W.J. (1982), "Earthquake spectra and design", monograph. Oakland (CA): Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI).
  53. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. PEER strong motion database. https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/
  54. Pettinga, D., Christopoulos, C., Pampanin, S. and Priestley, N. (2007), "Effectiveness of simple approaches in mitigating residual deformations in buildings", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 36(12), 1763-1783. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.717.
  55. Ricles, J.M., Sause, R. and Green, P.S. (1998), "High-strength steel: implications of material and geometric characteristics on inelastic flexural behavior", Eng. Struct., 20(4), 323-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00024-2.
  56. Sahoo, D.R. and Chao, S. (2010), "Performance-based plastic design method for buckling-restrained braced frames", Eng Struct, 32(9), 2950-2958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.05.014.
  57. Shi, G., Wang, M., Bai, Y., Wang, F., Shi, Y. and Wang, Y. (2012), "Experimental and modeling study of high-strength structural steel under cyclic loading", Eng. Struct., 37, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.12.018.
  58. Shi, G., Hu, F. and Shi, Y. (2014), "Recent research advances of high strength steel structures and codification of design specification in China", Int. J. Steel Struct., 14(4), 873-887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-014-1218-7.
  59. Tenchini, A., D'Aniello, M., Rebelo, C., Landolfo, R., da Silva, L. S. and Lima, L. (2016), "High strength steel in chevron concentrically braced frames designed according to Eurocode 8", Eng. Struct., 124, 167-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.06.001.
  60. Tian, X., Su, M., Lian, M., Wang, F. and Li, S. (2018), "Seismic behavior of K-shaped eccentrically braced frames with high-strength steel: shaking table testing and FEM analysis", J. Constr. Steel Res., 143, 250-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.12.030.
  61. Ucar, T., Merter, O. and Duzgun, M. (2012), "A study on determination of target displacement of RC frames using PSV spectrum and energy-balance concept", Struct. Eng. Mech., 41(6), 759-773. http://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.41.6.759.
  62. Vargas, R. and Bruneau, M. (2009), "Experimental response of buildings designed with metallic structural fuses. II", J. Struct. Eng., 135(4), 394-403. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:4(394).
  63. Wang, Y.B., Li, G.Q., Cui, W. and Chen, S.W. (2014), "Seismic behavior of high strength steel welded beam-column members", J. Constr. Steel Res., 102, 245-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.07.015.
  64. Wongpakdee, N., Leelataviwat, S., Goel, S.C. and Liao, W.C. (2014), "Performance-based design and collapse evaluation of buckling restrained knee braced truss moment frames", Eng Struct., 60(11), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.12.014.
  65. Wang, Y.B., Li, G.Q., Cui, W., Chen, S.W. and Sun, F.F. (2015), "Experimental investigation and modeling of cyclic behavior of high strength steel", J. Constr. Steel Res., 104, 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.09.009.
  66. Wang, F., Su, M., Hong, M., Guo, Y. and Li, S. (2016), "Cyclic behaviour of Y-shaped eccentrically braced frames fabricated with high-strength steel composite", J. Constr. Steel Res., 120, 176-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.01.007.
  67. Zhou, X., Zhang, H., Ke K., Guo L. and Yam, M.C. (2021), "Damage-control steel frames equipped with SMA connections and ductile links subjected to near-field earthquake motions: A spectral energy factor model", Eng. Struct., 239, 112301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112301.