Korean Journal of Ichthyology (한국어류학회지)

The Ichthyological Society of Korea (한국어류학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Inhabitat Status and Gastric Contents of Invasive Fish Species and the Effect on Fish Fauna at Three Reservoirs in National Parks of Korea

국립공원 3개 저수지에 서식하는 생태계교란 어종의 서식양상과 먹이생물, 어류상에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2021.03.04
  • Accepted : 2021.04.19
  • Published : 2021.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to elucidate the impact of invasive species, Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus in Geumgyeji, Samgaji and Naejangji reservoirs of National Parks, Korea in 2020. In the Geumgyeji, 1,221 individuals of 11 species in 7 families were collected including M. salmoides (relative abundance, 96.3%) and L. macrochirus (0.3%), M. salmoides fed mainly on Rhinogobius brunneus (IRI, 37.2%), Odonata (25.6%), Megaloptera (11.6%), and M. salmoides (7.0%). In the results of Samgaji showed that 854 individuals of 10 species in 5 families were collected including M. salmoides (60.8%), and M. salmoides fed mainly on Decapoda (shrimp, 33.6%), Odonata (34.4%), R. brunneus (21.2%), and Zacco platypus (6.1%). In the Naejangji showed that 1,075 individuals of 13 species belonging to 7 families were collected including L. macrochirus (38.1%) and M. salmoides (9.5%), and L. macrochirus fed mainly on Branchiopoda (77.5%), Diptera (9.8%), Decapoda (4.0%) and M. salmoides fed mainly on R. brunneus (73.3%), Decapoda (21.2%). M. salmoides of Geumgyeji and Samgaji were apparently introduced more than a 10 years ago. The fish population declined rapidly since the introduction of M. salmoides. L. macrochirus of Naejangji was introduced more than 20 years ago, which increased its relative abundance to 40%. M. salmoides was introduced five to six years ago, and the fish species and population declined rapidly since the introduction of M. salmoides. Finally, we discussed the inhabitat status and management of M. salmoides and L. macrochirus in the National Park.

본 연구는 국립공원 내 생태계교란 어종 배스와 블루길의 도입에 따른 영향을 파악하기 위해 2020년 금계지, 삼가지, 내장지에서 조사를 실시하였다. 금계지에서는 7과 11종 1,221개체가 채집되었고, 배스는 우점종(96.3%), 블루길은 소수(0.3%) 서식하고 있었고, 배스는 주로 밀어(IRI, 37.2%)와 잠자리목(25.6%), 뱀잠자리목(11.6%), 배스(7.0%) 등을 섭식하였다. 삼가지에서는 5과 10종 854개체가 채집되었고, 배스는 우점종(60.8%)으로 주로 새우류(33.6%)와 잠자리목(34.4%), 밀어(21.2%), 피라미(6.1%) 등을 섭식하였다. 내장지에서는 7과 13종 1,075개체가 채집되었고, 블루길은 우점종(38.1%), 배스는 우세종(9.5%)으로 나타났으며, 블루길은 주로 물벼룩류(IRI, 77.5%)와 파리목(9.8%), 새우류(4.0%) 등을 섭식하였고 배스는 주로 밀어(73.3%)와 새우류(21.2%) 등을 섭식하였다. 금계지와 삼가지의 배스는 10여 년 전에 도입된 것으로 추정되고, 도입 이후 대부분의 어류는 개체수가 급격히 감소하였다. 내장지의 블루길은 20여 년 전에 도입된 것으로 추정되며, 도입 이후 상대풍부도가 점점 증가하여 40%대에 도달하였고, 배스는 5~6년 전에 도입되었고 도입 이후 자생 어류의 종수와 개체수가 급격히 감소하였다. 마지막으로 국립공원 내 배스와 블루길의 서식현황 및 관리방안에 대해서 논의하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립공원연구원의 '생태계교란 어종 관리방안 연구'의 일환으로 연구되었다.

References

  1. Byon, H.K., J.B. Song, S.R. Jeon and Y.M. Son. 1997. Feeding habit of bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus, introduced at Lake Paldang. Korean J. Limnol., 30: 75-84.
  2. Byon, H.K. and S.R. Jeon. 1997. Feeding habit of bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus, introduced in Korea. Korean J. Environ. Biol., 15: 165-174.
  3. GFRDI (Gyeongsangbuk-do Fisheries Resources Development Institute). 2006. Fish fauna survey report of lake and reservoir in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Gyeongsangbuk-do Fisheries Resources Development Institute, Uljin, Korea, 311pp.
  4. Godinho, F.N. and M.T. Ferreira. 1994. Diet composition of largemouth black bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede), in southern Portuguese reservoirs: its relation to habitat characteristics. Fish. Manage. Ecol., 1: 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.1970.tb00012.x.
  5. GWSMC(Geumgang Water System Management Committee). 2015. Monitoring on aquatic ecosystem to capture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (1th report). Geumgang Water System Management Committee, Daejeon, Korea, 100pp.
  6. GWSMC(Geumgang Water System Management Committee). 2016. Monitoring on aquatic ecosystem to capture of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides) (2nd report). Geumgang Water System Management Committee, Daejeon, Korea, 112pp.
  7. Jang, M.H., G.J. Joo and M.C. Lucas. 2006. Diet of introduced largemouth bass in Korean rivers and potential interactions with native fishes. Ecol. Freshw. Fish, 15: 315-320. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2006.00161.x.
  8. Jo, K.S. 1993. Illustration of the freshwater zooplankton of Korea. Academy Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea, 387pp.
  9. Kim, I.S. 1997. Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna & flora of Korea. Vol. 37. Freshwater fishes. Ministry of Education, Yeongi, Korea, 518pp.
  10. Kim, I.S. and J.Y. Park. 2007. Freshwater fishes of Korea. Kyohak Publishing Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea, 467pp.
  11. Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim and J.H. Kim. 2005. Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyohak Publishing Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea, 615pp.
  12. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2003. Natural resource survey of Songnisan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Seoul, Korea, 595pp.
  13. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2004. Natural resource survey of Naejangsan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Seoul, Korea, 516pp.
  14. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2008. Natural resource survey of Gyeongju National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Namwon, Korea, 649pp.
  15. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2009a. Natural resource survey of Wolchulsan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Namwon, Korea, 589pp.
  16. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2009b. Natural resource survey of Byeonsanbando National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Namwon, Korea, 697pp.
  17. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2011. Natural resource survey of Songnisan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Namwon, Korea, 609pp.
  18. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2013a. Natural resource survey of Naejangsan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Namwon, Korea, 818pp.
  19. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2013b. Natural resource survey of Mudeungsan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Namwon, Korea, 818pp.
  20. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2016. Natural resource survey of Sobaeksan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Wonju, Korea, 788pp.
  21. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2017. Natural resource survey of Gyeongju National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Wonju, Korea, 727pp.
  22. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2018a. Natural resource survey of Byeonsanbando National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Wonju, Korea, 990pp.
  23. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2018b. Natural resource survey of Wolchulsan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Wonju, Korea, 566pp.
  24. KNPS (Korea National Park Service). 2020. 2020 National Park basic statistics. Korea National Park Service, Wonju. Korea, 225pp.
  25. Ko, M.H., J.Y. Park and Y.J. Lee. 2008. Feeding habitats of an introduced large mouth bass, Micropterus salmoides(Perciformes; Centrarchidae), and its influence on ichthyofauna in the Lake Okjeong, Korea. Korean J. Ichthyol., 20: 36-44.
  26. Ko, M.H., Y.S. Kwan, W.K. Lee and Y.J. Won. 2017. Impact of human activities on changes of ichthyofauna in Dongjin River of Korea in the past 30 years. Anim. Cells Syst., 21: 207-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2017.1330223.
  27. Kwater. 2007. A guidebook of rivers in South Korea. Kwater, Daejeon, Korea, 582pp.
  28. Lee, W.O., H. Yang, S.W. Yoon and J.Y. Park. 2009. Study on the feeding of Micropterus salmoides in Lake Okjeong and Lake Yongdam, Korea. Korean J. Ichthyol., 21: 200-207.
  29. Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the world, 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S.A., 601pp.
  30. NFRDI(National Fisheries Research & Development Institute). 2010. A study on the distribution, utilization and management of foreign fish species. National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Gapyeong, Korea, 130pp.
  31. NIBR (National Institute of Biological Resources). 2011. Red data book of endangered fishes in Korea. Ministry of Environment, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea, 202pp.
  32. NIBR (National Institute of Biological Resources). 2019. Red data book of Republic of Korea, Volume 3. Freshwater fishes. Ministry of Environment, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea, 250pp.
  33. NIE (National Institute of Ecology). 2015a. Biodiversity comprehensive report of DMZ protected areas. Ministry of Environment, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea, 375pp.
  34. NIE (National Institute of Ecology). 2015b. Nationwide survey of non-native species in Korea (I). National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea, 342pp.
  35. NIE(National Institute of Ecology). 2016. Nationwide survey of nonnative species in Korea (II). National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea, 516pp.
  36. NIE(National Institute of Ecology). 2017. Nationwide survey of nonnative species in Korea (III). National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea, 671pp.
  37. NIE(National Institute of Ecology). 2018. Nationwide survey of nonnative species in Korea (IV). National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea, 705pp.
  38. NIER (National Institute of Environmental Research). 2011. Biodiversity comprehensive report of Baekdudaegan protected areas. Ministry of Environment, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea, 196pp.
  39. NIER (National Institute of Environmental Research). 1996. Survey for ecological impact by naturalized organisms(II). National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea, 230pp.
  40. NPRI(National Park Research Institute). 2014. A study on the management of specific foreign species. National Park Research Institute, Wonju, Korea, 140pp.
  41. NPRI (National Park Research Institute). 2019. 2019 National Park resource survey. Freshwater fishes. National Park Research Institute, Wonju, Korea, 97pp.
  42. Park, J.S., S.H. Kim, H.T. Kim, J.G. Kim, J.Y. Park and H.S. Kim. 2019. Study on feeding habits of Micropterus salmoides in habitat types from Korea. Korean J. Ichthyol., 31: 39-53. https://doi.org/10.35399/ISK.31.1.6
  43. Pinkas, L., M.S. Oliphant and I.K.K. Ivrson. 1971. Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonito in California water. Fish. Bull., 152: 1-105.
  44. Son, Y.M. and H.G. Byeon. 2001. The diet of the major carnivorous fish species(Erythroculter erythropterus, Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis, and Micropterus salmoides) in Paldang Lake. Inst. Bas. Sci. Seowon Univ., 15: 61-78.
  45. Won, D.H., S.J. Kwon and Y.C. Jeon. 2005. Aquatic Insects of Korea. Korean Ecosystem Service, Seoul, Korea, 415pp.
  46. Yodo, T. and S. Kimura. 1998. Feeding habits of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in lakes Shorenji and Nishinoko, central Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakk., 64: 26-28. https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.64.26
  47. You, D.J. 2007. Fish fauna of dam lake and reservoir in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Doctoral Thesis, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 360pp.
  48. Yun, I.B. 1995. Aquatic Insects of Korea. Junghaeng Publ. Co., Seoul, Korea, 262pp.