Advances in concrete construction

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Properties of high performance heavyweight concrete mixtures containing different types of coarse aggregates

  • Al-Dulaijan, Salah U. (Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals) ;
  • Azeez, Mukhtar Oluwaseun (Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals) ;
  • Ahmad, Shamsad (Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals) ;
  • Maslehuddin, Mohammed (Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals)
  • Received : 2019.11.15
  • Accepted : 2021.06.11
  • Published : 2021.07.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Heavyweight concrete having unit weight above 2600 kg/m3 has wide applications that include radiation shielding, offshore, and ballasting of pipelines, etc. In this study, high-performance heavyweight concrete mixtures were developed utilizing industrial byproducts as high-density coarse aggregates. These heavyweight coarse aggregates included steel slag, steel shots, and iron ore. Normal-weight limestone aggregate was also used in the control mixture and for partially replacing the heavyweight aggregates in some of the mixtures. Considering different combinations of coarse aggregates, a total of nineteen concrete mixtures with same water/cement ratio and cement content were prepared and tested for evaluating their performance in terms of different engineering properties. Except the control mixture containing normal-weight limestone aggregate, all eighteen heavyweight concrete mixtures considered in the present work, achieved unit weight (dry density) in the acceptable range of 2600 to 3563 kg/m3. Most of the heavyweight concrete mixtures attained compressive strength either close to or more than 40 MPa, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity above the minimum acceptable limits, drying shrinkage below permissible value, and high resistance against reinforcement corrosion as indicated by their high electrical resistivity and low chloride diffusion coefficient. The experimental data generated under the present work can be utilized to select optimum mixtures of heavyweight concrete satisfying the service conditions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The logistic support of the Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and the Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, is also acknowledged.

References

  1. Ahmad, S. (2003), "Reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures, its monitoring and service life prediction-A review", Cement Concrete Compos., 25(4-5), 459-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00086-0.
  2. Aitcin, P.C. and Mehta, P.K. (1990), "Effect of coarse-aggregate characteristics on mechanical properties of high-strength concrete", ACI Mater. J., 87(2), 103-107.
  3. Akkurt, I., Basyigit, C., Kilincarslan, S. and Mavi, B. (2005), "The shielding of γ-rays by concretes produced with barite", Prog. Nucl. Energy, 46(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2004.09.015.
  4. Alexander, M.G. (1993), "Two experimental techniques for studying the effects of the interfacial zone between cement paste and rock", Cement Concrete Res., 23(3), 567-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(93)90006-U.
  5. Awadallah, M.I. and Imran, M.M.A. (2007), "Experimental investigation of gamma-ray attenuation in Jordanian building materials using HPGe-spectrometer", J. Environ. Radioact., 94(3), 129-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2006.12.015.
  6. Azeez, M.O., Ahmad, S., Al-Dulaijan, S.U., Maslehuddin, M. and Naqvi, A.A. (2019), "Radiation shielding performance of heavy-weight concrete mixtures", Constr. Build. Mater., 224, 284-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.077.
  7. Basyigit, C., Akkurt, I., Kilincarslan, S. and Beycioglu, A. (2009), "Prediction of compressive strength of heavy-weight concrete by ANN and FL models", Neur. Comput. Appl., 19(4), 507-513. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-009-0292-9.
  8. Basyigit, C., Uysal, V., Kilincarslan, S., Mavi, B., Gunoglu, K., Akkurt, I., Akkas, A., Aslan, M.H., Oral, A.Y., Ozer, M. and Caglar, S.H. (2011), "Investigating radiation shielding properties of different mineral origin heavy-weight concretes", AIP Conf. Proc., 1400, 232-235. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3663119.
  9. Beshr, H., Almusallam, A. and Maslehuddin, M. (2003), "Effect of coarse aggregate quality on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 17(2), 97-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00097-1.
  10. Beushausen, H. and Dittmer, T. (2015), "The influence of aggregate type on the strength and elastic modulus of high strength concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 74, 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.055.
  11. Brooks, J.J. (2015), Concrete and Masonry Movements, Elsevier.
  12. Broomfield, J.P. (2003), Corrosion of Steel in Concrete: Understanding, Investigation and Repair, Spoon Press.
  13. Cetin, A. and Carrasquillo, R.L. (1998), "High-performance concrete: Influence of coarse aggregates on mechanical properties", ACI Mater. J., 95(3), 252-261.
  14. Devi, V.S. and Gnanavel, B.K. (2014), "Properties of concrete manufactured using steel slag", Procedia Eng., 97, 95-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.229.
  15. Elices, M. and Rocco, C.G. (2008), "Effect of aggregate size on the fracture and mechanical properties of a simple concrete", Eng. Fract. Mech., 75(13), 3839-3851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2008.02.011.
  16. Gencel, O., Brostow, W., Ozel, C. and Filiz, M. (2010), "An investigation on the concrete properties containing colemanite", Int. J. Phys. Sci., 5(3), 216-225. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJPS.9000062.
  17. Gencel, O., Brostow, W., Ozel, C. and Filiz, M. (2010), "Concretes containing hematite for use as shielding barriers", Mater. Sci., 16(3), 249-256.
  18. Gokce, H.S., O zturk, B.C., C am, N.F. and Andic-Cakir, O. (2018), "Gamma-ray attenuation coefficients and transmission thickness of high consistency heavy-weight concrete containing mineral admixture", Cement Concrete Compos., 92, 56-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.05.015.
  19. Hong, L., Gu, X. and Lin, F. (2014), "Influence of aggregate surface roughness on mechanical properties of interface and concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 65, 338-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.131.
  20. Kharita, M.H., Takeyeddin, M., Alnassar, M. and Yousef, S. (2008), "Development of special radiation shielding concretes using natural local materials and evaluation of their shielding characteristics", Prog. Nucl. Energy, 50(1), 33-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2007.10.004.
  21. Korkut, T., Karabulut, A., Budak, G., Aygun, B., Gencel, O. and Hancerliogullari, A. (2012), "Investigation of neutron shielding properties depending on number of boron atoms for colemanite, ulexite and tincal ores by experiments and FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations", Appl. Radiat. Isot., 70(1), 341-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.09.006.
  22. Lermen, R.T., Prauchner, M.B., Silva, R.A. and Bonsembiante, F.T. (2020), "Using wastes from the process of blasting with steel shot to make a radiation shield in mortar", Sustainab., 12(6674), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166674.
  23. Martinez-Barrera, G., Urena-Nunez, F., Gencel, O. and Brostow, W. (2011), "Mechanical properties of polypropylene-fiber reinforced concrete after gamma irradiation", Compos. Part AAppl. S., 42(5), 567-572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.01.016.
  24. Maslehuddin, M., Sharif, A.M., Shameem, M., Ibrahim, M. and Barry, M. (2003), "Comparison of properties of steel slag and crushed limestone aggregate concretes", Constr. Build. Mater., 17(2), 105-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00095-8.
  25. Meddah, M.S., Zitouni, S. and Belaabes, S. (2010), "Effect of content and particle size distribution of coarse aggregate on the compressive strength of concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 24(4), 505-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.10.009.
  26. Mukharjee, B.B. and Barai, S.V. (2015), "Characteristics of sustainable concrete incorporating recycled coarse aggregates and colloidal nano-silica", Adv. Concrete Constr., 3(3), 187-202. http://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2015.3.3.187.
  27. Mustafa, C. and Haydar, E.E. (2016), "Determination of the effect of lead mine waste aggregate on some concrete properties and radiation shielding", Constr. Build. Mater., 125, 625-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.08.069.
  28. Neville, A.M. and Brooks, J.J. (2010), Concrete Technology, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall.
  29. Ouda, A.S. (2015), "Development of high-performance heavy density concrete using different aggregates for gamma-ray shielding", Prog. Nucl. Energy, 79, 48-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2014.11.009.
  30. Rao, G.A. and Prasad, B.K.R. (2002), "Influence of the roughness of aggregate surface on the interface bond strength", Cement Concrete Res., 32(2), 253-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00668-8.
  31. Saito, M., Kawamura, M. and Arakawa, S. (1991), "Role of aggregate in the shrinkage of ordinary portland and expansive cement concrete", Cement Concrete Compos., 13(2), 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/0958-9465(91)90006-4.
  32. Sharifi, S., Bagheri, R. and Shirmardi, S.P. (2013), "Comparison of shielding properties for ordinary, barite, serpentine and steelmagnetite concretes using MCNP-4C code and available experimental results", Ann. Nucl. Energy, 53, 529-534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2012.09.015.
  33. Sunil B.M., Manjunatha L.S., Lolitha, R. and Yaragal, S.C. (2015), "Potential use of mine tailings and fly ash in concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 3(1), 55-69. http://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2015.3.1.055.
  34. Tangtermsirikul, S. and Tatong, S. (2001), "Modeling of aggregate stiffness and its effect on shrinkage of concrete", ScienceAsia, 27, 185-192. https://doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2001.27.185
  35. Tasong, W.A., Lynsdale, C.J. and Cripps, J.C. (1998), "Aggregate-cement paste interface. ii: influence of aggregate physical properties", Cement Concrete Res., 28(10), 1453-1465. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00126-4.
  36. Thomas, J., Thaickavil, N.N. and Abraham, M.P. (2018), "Copper or ferrous slag as substitutes for fine aggregates in concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 6(5), 545-560. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2018.6.5.545.
  37. Tufekci, M.M. and Gokce, A. (2017), "Development of heavyweight high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCC)-Part I: Mechanical properties", Constr. Build. Mater., 148, 559-570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.009.
  38. Tufekci, M.M. and Gokce, A. (2018), "Development of heavyweight high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCC)-Part II: X-ray and gamma radiation shielding properties", Constr. Build. Mater., 163, 326-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.086.
  39. Upadhyay, R.K., Venkatesh, A.S. and Roy, S. (2010), "Mineralogical characteristics of iron ores in Joda and Khondbond areas in eastern India with implications on beneficiation", Resour Geol, 60(2), 203-211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-3928.2010.00126.x.
  40. Wu, K., Chen, B. and Yao, W. (2001), "Study of the influence of aggregate size distribution on mechanical properties of concrete by acoustic emission technique", Cement Concrete Res., 31(6), 919-923. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00504-X.
  41. Yi, H., Xu, G., Cheng, H., Wang, J., Wan, Y. and Chen, H. (2012), "An overview of utilization of steel slag", Procedia Environ. Sci., 16, 791-801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.10.108.
  42. Yuksel, E. and Zulfu, M.D. (2017), "Evaluation of physical and mechanical characteristics of siderite concrete to be used as heavy-weight concrete", Cement Concrete Compos., 82, 117-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.05.009.
  43. Zhou, F.P., Lydon, F.D. and Barr, B.I.G. (1995), "Effect of coarse aggregate on elastic modulus and compressive strength of high performance concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 25(1), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(94)00125-I.