Steel and Composite Structures

  • 제40권2호
  • /
  • Pages.287-305
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1229-9367(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6233(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of web hole spacing on axial capacity of back-to-back cold-formed steel channels with edge-stiffened holes

  • Chi, Yaohui (College of Harbour and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University) ;
  • Roy, Krishanu (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland) ;
  • Chen, Boshan (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland) ;
  • Fang, Zhiyuan (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland) ;
  • Uzzaman, Asraf (School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland) ;
  • Ananthi, G. Beulah Gnana (Division of Structural Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy Campus, Anna University) ;
  • Lim, James B.P. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland)
  • 투고 : 2020.04.27
  • 심사 : 2021.07.02
  • 발행 : 2021.07.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Recently, a new generation of cold-formed steel (CFS) channel section with edge-stiffened web holes has been developed by industry in New Zealand. However, no research has been reported in the literature to investigate the axial capacity of back-to-back channels with edge-stiffened web holes. This paper presents a total of 73 new results comprising 29 compression tests and 44 finite element analyses (FEA) on axial capacity of such back-to-back CFS channels. The results show that for back-to-back channels with seven edge-stiffened holes, the axial capacity increased by 19.2%, compared to plain channels without web holes. A non-linear finite element (FE) model was developed and validated against the test results. The validated FE model was used to conduct a parametric study involving 44 FE models. Finely, the tests results were compared with the design strengths calculated from the AISI and AS/NZ standards and from the proposed design equations of Moen and Schafer. From the comparison results, it was found that the AISI and AS/NZ design strengths are only 9% conservative to the test results for plain channels without web holes. While Moen and Schafer equations are conservative by 13% and 47% for axial capacity of CFS back-to-back channels with un-stiffened and edge-stiffened web holes, respectively.

키워드

과제정보

The authors would like to acknowledge the support of "Howick NZ. Ltd." for providing the test specimens. The experimental work was carried out in the "Structures test hall" at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, in the University of Auckland. The support of the lab technicians is greatly appreciated.

참고문헌

  1. ABAQUS (2018), Version 6.14-2, SIMULIA, Providence, RI, USA.
  2. AISI S100-16 (2016), North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington D.C., USA.
  3. Ananthi, G.B.G., Roy, K., Chen, B. and Lim, J.B.P. (2019), "Testing, simulation and design of back-to-back built-up coldformed steel unequal angle sections under axial compression", Steel Compos. Struct., 33(4), 595-614. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.4.595.
  4. Anbarasu, M. and Venkatesan, M. (2019), "Behaviour of coldformed steel built-up I-section columns composed of four Uprofiles", Adv. Struct. Eng., 22(3), 613-625. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433219865696.
  5. Anbarasu, M., Kanagarasu, K. and Sukumar, S. (2014), "Investigation on the behaviour and strength of cold-formed steel web stiffened built-up battened columns", Mater. Struct., 12, 4029-4038. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433218795568.
  6. AS/NZS 3000: 2018 (2018), Australian/New Zealand Standard: Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Jointly published by Standards Australia, Sydney, Australia; Australia and Standards New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.
  7. BS EN (2001), Tensile testing of metallic materials method of test at ambient temperature, British Standards Institution, London, UK.
  8. Chen, B., Roy, K., Uzzaman, A., Raftery, G.M., Nash, D.G., Clifton, C., Pouladi, P. and Lim, J.B.P. (2019), "Effects of edgestiffened web openings on the behaviour of cold-formed steel channel sections under compression", Thin-Wall. Struct., 144, 106307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106307.
  9. Dabaon, M., Ellobody, E. and Ramzy, K. (2015a), "Experimental investigation of built-up cold-formed steel section battened columns", Thin-Wall. Struct., 92, 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.03.001.
  10. Dabaon, M., Ellobody, E. and Ramzy, K. (2015b), "Nonlinear behaviour of built-up cold-formed steel section battened columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 110, 16-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.03.007.
  11. Fratamico, D.C., Torabian, S., Zhao, X., Rasmussen, K.J.R. and Schafer, B.W. (2018a), "Experiments on the global buckling and collapse of built-up cold-formed steel columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 144, 65-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.01.007.
  12. Fratamico, D.C., Torabian, S., Zhao, X., Rasmussen, K.J.R. and Schafer, B.W. (2018b), "Experimental study on the composite action in sheathed and bare built-up cold-formed steel columns", Thin-Wall. Struct., 127, 290-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.02.002.
  13. Huang, X., Bai, L., Yang, J., Wang, F., Zhu, J. and Liu, Q. (2019), "Distortional-buckling analysis of channel sections with web stiffened by longitudinal ribs subjected to axial compression or bending", Thin-Wall. Struct., 144, 106322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106322.
  14. Li, Y., Li, Y., Wang, S. and Shen, Z. (2014), "Ultimate loadcarrying capacity of cold-formed thin-walled columns with built-up box and I section under axial compression", Thin-Wall. Struct., 79, 202-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2014.02.003.
  15. Lu, Y., Zhou, T.H., Li, W.C. and Wu, H.H. (2017), "Experimental investigation and a novel direct strength method for coldformed built-up I-section columns", Thin-Wall. Struct., 112, 125-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.12.011.
  16. Moen, C.D. and Schafer, B.W. (2008), "Experiments on coldformed steel columns with holes", Thin-Wall. Struct., 46, 1164-1182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2008.01.021.
  17. Moen, C.D. and Schafer, B.W. (2011), "Direct strength method for design of cold-formed steel columns with holes", J. Struct. Eng., 137(5), 559-570. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000310.
  18. Naghipour, M., Yousofizinsaz, G. and Shariati, M. (2020), "Experimental study on axial compressive behavior of welded built-up CFT stub columns made by cold-formed sections with different welding lines", Steel Compos. Struct., 34(3), 347-359. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.3.347.
  19. Orlando, Maurizio, Lavacchini, Giovanni, Hwang, Soon-Hee. and Spinelli, Paolo. (2017), "Experimental capacity of perforated cold-formed steel open sections under compression and bending", Steel Compos. Struct., 24(2), 201-211. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.24.2.201.
  20. Roy, K., Lau, H.H. and Lim, J.B.P. (2019), "Numerical investigations on the axial strength of back-to-back gapped built-up cold-formed stainless steel channels", Adv. Struct. Eng., 22(10), 2289-2310. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433219837390.
  21. Roy, K., Ting, T.C.H., Lau, H.H. and Lim, J.B.P. (2018a), "Nonlinear behavior of axially loaded back-to-back built-up cold-formed steel un-lipped channel sections", Steel Compos. Struct., 28(2), 233-250. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.2.233.
  22. Roy, K., Ting, T.C.H., Lau, H.H. and Lim, J.B.P. (2018b), "Effect of thickness on the behaviour of axially loaded back-to-back cold-formed steel built-up channel sections-experimental and numerical investigation", Struct., 16, 327-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2018.09.009.
  23. Roy, K., Ting, T.C.H., Lau, H.H. and Lim, J.B.P. (2018c), "Nonlinear behavior of back-to-back gapped built-up coldformed steel channel sections under compression", J. Constr. Steel Res., 147, 257-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.04.007.
  24. Stone, T. A. and LaBoube, R. A. (2005), "Behavior of cold-formed steel built-up I-sections", Thin-Wall. Struct., 43, 1805-1817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2005.09.001.
  25. Ting, T.C.H., Roy, K., Lau, H.H. and Lim, J.B.P. (2018), "Effect of screw spacing on behavior of axially loaded back-to-back coldformed steel built-up channel sections", Adv. Struct. Eng., 21, 474-487. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433217719986.
  26. Wang, C.G., Guo, Q.L., Zhang, Z.G. and Guo, Y.T. (2019), "Experimental and numerical investigation of perforated coldformed steel built-up I-section columns with web stiffeners and complex edge stiffeners", Adv. Struct. Eng., 22, 2205-2221. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433219836174.
  27. Ye, J., Hajirasouliha, I. and J. Becque. (2018a), "Experimental investigation of local-flexural interactive buckling of coldformed steel channel columns", Thin-Wall. Struct., 125, 245-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.01.020.
  28. Ye, J., Mojtabaei, S.M. and I. Hajirasouliha, I. (2018b), "Localflexural interactive buckling of standard and optimised coldformed steel columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 144, 106-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.01.012.
  29. Zhang, J.H. and Young, B. (2012), "Compression tests of coldformed steel I-shaped open sections with edge and web stiffeners", Thin-Walled Struct., 52,1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2011.11.006.
  30. Zhang, J.H. and Young, B. (2015), "Numerical investigation and design of cold-formed steel built-up open section columns with longitudinal stiffeners", Thin-Wall. Struct., 89, 178-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2014.12.011.
  31. Zhang, J.H. and Young, B. (2018), "Finite element analysis and design of cold-formed steel built-up closed section columns with web stiffeners", Thin-Wall. Struct., 131, 223-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.06.008.
  32. Zhang, X., Liu, S., Zhao, M. and Chiew, S.P. (2016), "Residual stress of cold-formed thick-walled steel rectangular hollow sections", Steel Compos. Struct., 22(4), 837-853. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.22.4.837.
  33. Zhou, W. and Jiang, L. (2017), "Distortional buckling of coldformed lipped channel columns subjected to axial compression", Steel Compos. Struct., 23(3), 331-338. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.23.3.331.