DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Clinical practice guidelines for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring: 2020 update

  • Received : 2020.10.08
  • Accepted : 2020.12.05
  • Published : 2021.04.30

Abstract

The utility and accuracy of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has evolved greatly following the recent development of new devices for neurophysiological testing and advances in anesthesiology. Until recently, the need for IONM services has been limited to large academic hospitals, but the demand for neurophysiologists with expertise in IONM has grown rapidly across diverse types of hospital. The primary goal of the Korean Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (KSION) is to promote the development of IONM research groups and to contribute to the improvement of fellowship among members and human health through academic projects. These guidelines are based on extensive literature reviews, recruitment of expert opinions, and consensus among KSION board members. This version of the guidelines was fully approved by the KSION, Korean Association of EMG Electrodiagnostic Medicine, the Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, and the Korean Neurological Association.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim SM, Kim SH, Seo DW, Lee KW. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring: basic principles and recent update. J Korean Med Sci 2013;28:1261-1269. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2013.28.9.1261
  2. American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine. AANEM POSITION STATEMENT: The Role of the Intraoperative Monitoring Team. Available from: http://www.aanem.org/getmedia/44fbb8e3-27db-44e8-90df-81797109be2f/IOM-MonitoringTeam_000.pdf.aspx.
  3. American Academy of Neurology. Principles of coding for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) and testing [Internet]. Minneapolis, (MN, USA): American Academy of Neurology; c2018 [accessed 2020 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.aan.com/siteassets/home-page/tools-and-resources/practicing-neurologist--administrators/billing-and-coding/model-coverage-policies/18iommodelpolicy_tr.pdf.
  4. Department of Health and Human Services Physician Supervision of Diagnostic Tests. Available from: http://www.aarc.org/members_area/advocacy/federal/md_supervision_tests.pdf.
  5. Nuwer MR. Intraoperative monitoring of neural function. 1st ed. London: Elsevier, 2008;1-980.
  6. Nuwer JM, Nuwer MR. Neurophysiologic surgical monitoring staffing patterns in the USA. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1997;103:616-620. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4694(97)00065-5
  7. Greiner A, Mess WH, Schmidli J, Debus ES, Grommes J, Dick F, et al. Cyber medicine enables remote neuromonitoring during aortic surgery. J Vasc Surg 2012;55:1227-1233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2011.11.121
  8. Husain A. A practical approach to neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring. 1st ed. New York; Demos Medical Publishing, 2008;1-528.
  9. MacDonald D. Safety of intraoperative transcranial electrical stimulation motor evoked potential monitoring. J Clin Neurophysiol 2002;19:416-429. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004691-200210000-00005
  10. Rothwell J, Burke D, Hicks R, Stephen J, Woodforth I, Crawford M. Transcranial electrical stimulation of the motor cortex in man: further evidence for the site of activation. J Physiol 1994;481(Pt 1):243-250. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1994.sp020435
  11. Scheufler KM, Zentner J. Total intravenous anesthesia for intraoperative monitoring of the motor pathways: an integral view combining clinical and experimental data. J Neurosurg 2002;96:571-579. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.2002.96.3.0571
  12. Kochs E, Treede R, Schulte EJ. Increase in somatosensory evoked potentials during anesthesia induction with etomidate. Der Anaesthesist 1986;35:359-364.
  13. Randolph GW, Dralle H; International Intraoperative Monitoring Study Group, Abdullah H, Barczynski M, Bellantone R, et al. Electrophysiologic recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid and parathyroid surgery: international standards guideline statement. Laryngoscope 2011;121 Suppl 1:S1-S16. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.21119
  14. Szelenyi A, Kothbauer KF, Deletis V. Transcranial electric stimulation for intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring: stimulation parameters and electrode montages. Clin Neurophysiol 2007;118:1586-1595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.008
  15. Deletis V, Sala F. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of the spinal cord during spinal cord and spine surgery: a review focus on the corticospinal tracts. Clin Neurophysiol 2008;119:248-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2007.09.135
  16. Burke D, Hicks R, Stephen J, Woodforth I, Crawford M. Trial-to-trial variability of corticospinal volleys in human subjects. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1995;97:231-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-980X(95)00005-4
  17. Kothbauer KF, Deletis V, Epstein FJ. Motor-evoked potential monitoring for intramedullary spinal cord tumor surgery: correlation of clinical and neurophysiological data in a series of 100 consecutive procedures. Neurosurg Focus 1998;4:e1.
  18. Sakaki K, Kawabata S, Ukegawa D, Hirai T, Ishii S, Tomori M, et al. Warning thresholds on the basis of origin of amplitude changes in transcranial electrical motor-evoked potential monitoring for cervical compression myelopathy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2012;37:E913-E921. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e31824caab6
  19. Szelenyi A, Hattingen E, Weidauer S, Seifert V, Ziemann U. Intraoperative motor evoked potential alteration in intracranial tumor surgery and its relation to signal alteration in postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosurgery 2010;67:302-313. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000371973.46234.46
  20. Kim SM, Yang H, Park SB, Han SG, Park KW, Yoon SH, et al. Pattern-specific changes and discordant prognostic values of individual leg-muscle motor evoked potentials during spinal surgery. Clin Neurophysiol 2012;123:1465-1470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2011.11.035
  21. James ML, Husain AM. Brainstem auditory evoked potential monitoring: when is change in wave V significant? Neurology 2005;65:1551-1555. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000184481.75412.2b
  22. Gunnarsson T, Krassioukov AV, Sarjeant R, Fehlings MG. Real-time continuous intraoperative electromyographic and somatosensory evoked potential recordings in spinal surgery: correlation of clinical and electrophysiologic findings in a prospective, consecutive series of 213 cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2004;29:677-684. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.BRS.0000115144.30607.E9