DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Escherichia coli: Tracking from sperm fertility potential to assisted reproductive outcomes

  • 투고 : 2020.10.20
  • 심사 : 2021.02.14
  • 발행 : 2021.06.30

초록

Objective: Bacteriospermia and urogenital infections are common problems in male infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bacteriospermia on sperm parameters and clinical outcomes in semen samples infected with two common bacteria (Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Escherichia coli) in northern Iran. Methods: Microbiological tests were performed to isolate and identify organisms from 435 semen samples from infertile couples. Semen samples were assessed according to the World Health Organization criteria. The protamine status, chromatin structure, chromatin condensation, and acrosome reaction of sperm and assisted reproductive outcomes were determined in couples with different male infertility factors. Results: Among the total cases, the two most prevalent pathogens were considered: S. saprophyticus (38.2%) and E. coli (52.9%). In the semen samples infected with E. coli, the spontaneous acrosome reaction and abnormal chromatin condensation were more common (p<0.05). Significant increases in abnormal chromatin condensation and deprotamination were seen in the presence of S. saprophyticus. In washed semen, tight adhesion between the sperm midpiece and S. saprophyticus was observed. There was also a significant decrease in the fertilization rate using semen samples infected with S. saprophyticus and E. coli during in vitro fertilization cycles (p<0.001). In addition, the presence of S. saprophyticus and E. coli in semen samples was associated with a lower likelihood of clinical pregnancy in couples with various factors of male infertility. Conclusion: Poor results of assisted reproductive techniques may be correlated with semen samples infected with two common bacteria in northern Iran.

키워드

과제정보

The authors of this study acknowledge the cooperation of the co-workers at the IVF center of Alzahra Hospital (Rasht, Iran) and at the Guilan Microbiology Laboratory (Rasht, Iran).

참고문헌

  1. Pellati D, Mylonakis I, Bertoloni G, Fiore C, Andrisani A, Ambrosini G, et al. Genital tract infections and infertility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2008;140:3-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2008.03.009
  2. Fraczek M, Kurpisz M. Mechanisms of the harmful effects of bacterial semen infection on ejaculated human spermatozoa: potential inflammatory markers in semen. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2015;53:201-17. https://doi.org/10.5603/fhc.a2015.0019
  3. Fraczek M, Wiland E, Piasecka M, Boksa M, Gaczarzewicz D, Szumala-Kakol A, et al. Fertilizing potential of ejaculated human spermatozoa during in vitro semen bacterial infection. Fertil Steril 2014;102:711-9.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.002
  4. World Health Organization. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. 5th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
  5. Shekarriz M, Sharma RK, Thomas AJ Jr, Agarwal A. Positive myeloperoxidase staining (Endtz test) as an indicator of excessive reactive oxygen species formation in semen. J Assist Reprod Genet 1995;12:70-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02211372
  6. Vicari E, Mongioi A, Speciale A, Caccamo F, Calogero A, Gulizia S, et al. Enhancing detection of gonococcus in ejaculates of adult males using sperm dilution. Arch Androl 1986;16:19-23. https://doi.org/10.3109/01485018608986919
  7. Talbot P, Chacon RS. A triple-stain technique for evaluating normal acrosome reactions of human sperm. J Exp Zool 1981;215:201-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402150210
  8. Franco JG Jr, Mauri AL, Petersen CG, Massaro FC, Silva LF, Felipe V, et al. Large nuclear vacuoles are indicative of abnormal chromatin packaging in human spermatozoa. Int J Androl 2012;35:46-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01154.x
  9. Jedrzejczak P, Fraczek M, Szumala-Kakol A, Taszarek-Hauke G, Pawelczyk L, Kurpisz M. Consequences of semen inflammation and lipid peroxidation on fertilization capacity of spermatozoa in in vitro conditions. Int J Androl 2005;28:275-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00547.x
  10. Fraczek M, Hryhorowicz M, Gill K, Zarzycka M, Gaczarzewicz D, Jedrzejczak P, et al. The effect of bacteriospermia and leukocytospermia on conventional and nonconventional semen parameters in healthy young normozoospermic males. J Reprod Immunol 2016;118:18-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2016.08.006
  11. Golshani M, Taheri S, Eslami G, Suleimani Rahbar AA, Fallah F, Goudarzi H. Genital tract infection in asymptomatic infertile men and its effect on semen quality. Iran J Public Health 2006;35:81-4.
  12. Ombelet W, Bosmans E, Janssen M, Cox A, Vlasselaer J, Gyselaers W, et al. Semen parameters in a fertile versus subfertile population: a need for change in the interpretation of semen testing. Hum Reprod 1997;12:987-93. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/12.5.987
  13. McGowan MP, Burger HG, Baker HW, de Kretser DM, Kovacs G. The incidence of non-specific infection in the semen in fertile and sub-fertile males. Int J Androl 1981;4:657-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2605.1981.tb00748.x
  14. Berger RE, Karp LE, Williamson RA, Koehler J, Moore DE, Holmes KK. The relationship of pyospermia and seminal fluid bacteriology to sperm function as reflected in the sperm penetration assay. Fertil Steril 1982;37:557-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)46166-2
  15. Huwe P, Diemer T, Ludwig M, Liu J, Schiefer HG, Weidner W. Influence of different uropathogenic microorganisms on human sperm motility parameters in an in vitro experiment. Andrologia 1998;30 Suppl 1:55-9.
  16. Cottell E, Harrison RF, McCaffrey M, Walsh T, Mallon E, Barry-Kinsella C. Are seminal fluid microorganisms of significance or merely contaminants? Fertil Steril 2000;74:465-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(00)00709-3
  17. Domes T, Lo KC, Grober ED, Mullen JB, Mazzulli T, Jarvi K. The incidence and effect of bacteriospermia and elevated seminal leukocytes on semen parameters. Fertil Steril 2012;97:1050-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.01.124
  18. Sanocka-Maciejewska D, Ciupinska M, Kurpisz M. Bacterial infection and semen quality. J Reprod Immunol 2005;67:51-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2005.06.003
  19. Isaiah IN, Nche BT, Nwagu IG, Nnanna II. Current studies on bacterospermia the leading cause of male infertility: a protege and potential threat towards mans extinction. N Am J Med Sci 2011;3:562-4.
  20. Kaur K, Prabha V. Spermagglutinating Escherichia coli and its role in infertility: in vivo study. Microb Pathog 2014;69-70:33-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2014.03.010
  21. Diemer T, Ludwig M, Huwe P, Hales DB, Weidner W. Influence of urogenital infection on sperm function. Curr Opin Urol 2000;10:39-44. https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200001000-00010

피인용 문헌

  1. The Impact of Bacteriocenoses on Sperm Vitality, Immunological and Oxidative Characteristics of Ram Ejaculates: Does the Breed Play a Role? vol.12, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010054