Mycobiology

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
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A Rare Stinkhorn Fungus Itajahya rosea Attract Drosophila by Producing Chemical Attractants

  • Borde, Mahesh (Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University) ;
  • Kshirsagar, Yogesh (Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University) ;
  • Jadhav, Reshma (National Fungal Culture Collection of India, Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS' Agharkar Research Institute) ;
  • Baghela, Abhishek (National Fungal Culture Collection of India, Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS' Agharkar Research Institute)
  • Received : 2021.01.06
  • Accepted : 2021.05.08
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

Itajahya rosea was found growing in association with Leucaena leucocephala plants at Savitribai Phule Pune University campus in India. The species identity was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and LSU regions of rDNA, wherein, our fugus was placed along with I. rosea in phylogenetic tree. It represents first record of I. rosea from India. Frequent visitation by Drosophila species on I. rosea fruiting body particularly on gleba was observed. The Drosophila got attracted to the detached gleba under the laboratory conditions and even sometimes, they prefer to sit over the gleba as compare to their food banana. It suggested that I. rosea gleba or pseudostipe produces some compounds for attraction and feeding behavior of Drosophila species. Therefore, we characterized the volatile attractants produced by gleba and pseudostipe of I. rosea by GC-MS analysis. Nineteen compounds were identified from gleba while nine compounds were recovered from the pseudostipe. Out of them, blends of three abundant odor producing volatile compounds were reported namely, Hexadecane, Pentadecane and Nonadecane, which are responsible for attraction of Drosophila toward the gleba. Three fatty acids namely 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z), hexadecanoic acid and benzoic acid ethyl ester produced are served as an appetitive signal through olfactory response of Drosophila, so the flies were feed on the gleba. Two pheromones' compounds, heneicosane and (+)-(5S,9S)-5,9-dimethylpentadecane, were also reported in pseudostipe and gleba, respectively, which play a role in Drosophila for breeding. Our study highlights an intriguing chemical ecology of fungus-Drosophila interaction.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to Director, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, for providing the necessary facilities and support for the research. Authors are thankful to Bhupendra V. Shravage for a fruitful discussion on behavioral studies on Drosophila.

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